Efficacy of TBCT, MBHP and PPT for PTSD During the Covid-19 Pandemics
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Covid19
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder focused on measuring Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, Trial-Based Cognitive Therapy, Mindfulness Based Health Promotion, Positive Psychotherapy, PTSD, Covid 19, Randomized clinical trial
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion criteria:
- both sexes;
- aged 18 to 60 years;
- scoring 45 or more on the PCL-5
- PTSD developed (or aggravated by) as a result of direct or indirect exposure to COVID-19 [e.g., health professionals, people who tested positive for Covid-19 (or their relative or close friends), or those who quarantined, isolated or socially distanced themselves];
- Participants should be able to read, write and follow instructions, and have access to the a stable internet connexion.
Exclusion Criteria:
- severe suicide risk (plans, attitudes or suicide attemps for the last 12 months);
- self-mutilation behavior (for the last 12 months);
- already in psychotherapy;
- psychotic symptoms;
- current substance abuse or addiction (last 12 months).
Sites / Locations
- Universidade Federal da BahiaRecruiting
- Universidade Federal da BahiaRecruiting
- Universidade Federal de PernambucoRecruiting
- Universidade Federal de São PauloRecruiting
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Experimental
Active Comparator
Active Comparator
Trial-Based Cognitive Therapy
Mindfulness-Based Health Promotion
Positive psychotherapy
TBCT (de Oliveira, 2008) is a novel transdiagnostic approach (Wenzel, 2017). It has been shown to be effective for depression (Hemanny et al., 2019), social anxiety disorder (Neufeld et al., 2020; Caetano et al., 2018; de Oliveira et al., 2011; Powell et al., 2013), and PTSD (Duran et al., 2020). TBCT differs from other CBT approaches in that it introduces a new, organized, and systematic approach to change dysfunctional negative core beliefs, and allows cognitive, emotional, and experiential work to be done simultaneously (de Oliveira, 2016). Interestingly, it incorporates a courtroom metaphor to challenge dysfunctional core beliefs conceptualized as self-accusations (de Oliveira, 2016). TBCT is an example of assimilative psychotherapy integration that relies on Beckian CBT (de Oliveira, 2016). It incorporates and integrates components of other psychotherapies (Delavechia et al., 2016).
The Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program was created by Jon Kabat-Zinn and colleagues at the University of Massachusetts Medical Center in 1979, and it is an intervention whose effects on mental health and quality of life has produced several studies worldwide, both in clinical and non-clinical populations. Several protocols have been developed based on the MBSR aimed at specific publics, such as the Mindfulness-Based Health Promotion (MBHP) program developed by the Mente Aberta - Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion. The MBHP program was inspired by the original MBSR model but adapted to the context of the Brazilian Health Care (SUS) system, addressing chronic conditions and mental disorders as well (TROMBKA et al., 2018; LOPES et al., 2019; SALVO et al., 2018).
Positive psychotherapy (PPT) seeks to understand positive emotions, psychological potentialities and healthy human / social / institutional functioning, and to apply this knowledge to help people and institutions, with a focus on prevention and promotion of mental health (SELIGMAN et al., 2005). Originally, PP focused on happiness and subjective well-being (SELIGMAN, 2010; SELIGMAN; CSIKSZENTMIHALYI, 2000). Then, the studies gained a broader view of psychological well-being and another similar proposal entitled PERMA, which is composed of the following five spheres: positive emotions - P; engagement - E; relationships - R; meaning - M; and achievement - A. (RYFF, 2013; SELIGMAN, 2012). Although positive psychology aims to be a way of looking at life, some psychotherapeutic proposals, such as positive psychotherapy (PPT), have been developed, and clinical studies have been replicated in different clinical and cultural contexts (RASHID; SELIGMAN, 2019; RICHES et al., 2016).