Endomyocardial Botulinum Toxin Injection in Patients With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Persistent and longstanding persistent AF
Exclusion Criteria:
- congestive heart failure
- LV ejection fraction < 35%
- left atrial diameter > 60 mm
Sites / Locations
- University of Rochester
- State Research Institute of Circulation PathologyRecruiting
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Active Comparator
Active Comparator
PVI+LL
PVI+LL+BT injection
Circumferential PVI was accomplished and then additional ablation lines were created by connecting the left inferior PV to the mitral annulus (mitral isthmus) and the LA between the two superior PVs (roof). Finally, patients underwent cavo-tricuspid isthmus ablation in the right atrium.
Circumferential PVI was accomplished and then additional ablation lines were created by connecting the left inferior PV to the mitral annulus (mitral isthmus) and the LA between the two superior PVs (roof). Finally, patients underwent cavo-tricuspid isthmus ablation in the right atrium. Injection of the botulinum toxin is performed in main anatomical zones of ganglionated plexuses of left atrium using Myostar catheter (Biosense Webster).