ESP vs ESP With PECS

Efficacy of Erector Spinae Plane Block and Pectoral Fascia Block in Patients Undergoing Mitral Valve Repair Through the Right Mini-thoracotomy

Patients scheduled for minimally invasive mitral valve repair. Each patient will be treated with intravenous (i.v.) oxycodone - patient-controlled analgesia (PCA). Patients will be allocated to one of the groups: erector spinae plane (ESP) block or EPS with pectoral fascia (PECS) block.

Only patients who are qualified for an elective procedure of mitral valve replacement may participate in the study. Each patient will be anesthetized generally. The same drugs will be used in each stage of anesthesia. The induction: etomidate, remifentanil, rocuronium, scolina as required. The maintenance: sevoflurane, remifentanil, rocuronium. The emergence: oxygen, sugammadex or neostigmine a required. Patients will be randomly allocated to one of two groups: ESP or PECS. Among the patients from ESP group will have ESP blockade before the induction of general anesthesia. ESP blockade will be performed under ultrasound control. A single-shot technique will be used with 0.375 % solution of ropivacaine: 0.1 mL per patient KG. The maximum dose is 20 mL. Patients from PECS group will receive ESP block and PECS I and II type block with 0.375 % solution of ropivacaine (up to 20 mL of local anesthetic). Each patient, before the end of surgery, will be administered i.v. 0.1 mg of oxycodone. PCA with oxycodone (1mg/mL) will be utilized during the postoperative period: 7-minute interval. This is standard protocol in the investigator's department. Only patients who are successfully awakened after the procedure may participate in the study. The pain intensity will be assessed with visual-analogue scale (VAS) at 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hour after the end of anesthesia. The total consumption of oxycodone will be also monitored.

Erector Spinae Plane blockade, Pectoral Fascia block, patient control anlagesia, mitral valve replacement

Before the induction of general anesthesia, Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) blockade will be done. Postoperative analgesia is provided with intravenous oxycodone. Patient-controlled analgesia pump (PCA) will be used for this purpose.

Before the induction of general anesthesia, Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) block and Pectoral fascia type I and II will be done. Postoperative analgesia is provided with intravenous oxycodone. Patient-controlled analgesia pump (PCA) will be used for this purpose.

Before the beginning of the procedure, ESP blockade will be performed under ultrasound control. A single-shot technique will be used with 0.375 % solution of ropivacaine: 0.1 mL per patients' KG. The maximum dose is 20 mL.

Before the beginning of the procedure, PECS type I and II blocks will be performed under ultrasound control. A single-shot technique will be used with 0.375 % solution of ropivacaine: 0.1 mL per patients' KG. The maximum dose is 20 mL.

Each patient, before the end of surgery, will be administered i.v. 0.1 mg of oxycodone. PCA with oxycodone (1mg/mL) will be utilized during the postoperative period: 5-minute interval.

The cumulative consumption of oxycodone during 24 hour from the end of anesthesia. Less is better, less intense pain.

Patient self-pain assessment on VAS (visual-analogue scale). VAS range from 0 (no pain, good outcome) to 100 in millimeters (the worst pain ever, bad outcome)

Inclusion Criteria: Scheduled mitral valve replacement surgery obtained consent Exclusion Criteria: allergy to oxycodone and local anesthetics depression, antidepressant drugs treatment epilepsy usage of painkiller before surgery addiction to alcohol or recreational drugs prolonged postoperative ventilation (over 2 hours)

Gaweda B, Borys M, Belina B, Bak J, Czuczwar M, Woloszczuk-Gebicka B, Kolowca M, Widenka K. Postoperative pain treatment with erector spinae plane block and pectoralis nerve blocks in patients undergoing mitral/tricuspid valve repair - a randomized controlled trial. BMC Anesthesiol. 2020 Feb 27;20(1):51. doi: 10.1186/s12871-020-00961-8.