Evaluating Oral Visual Inspection in the Control of Oral Cancer
Primary Purpose
Oral Cancer
Status
Completed
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Visual Inspection of Oral Cavity for Precancers and Cancer
Sponsored by
About this trial
This is an interventional screening trial for Oral Cancer
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Residing in 13 study clusters in Trivandrum City, Kerala
Exclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosis with oral cancer prior to study
- Bedridden subjects
- Subjects suffering from open tuberculosis or other debilitating diseases
Sites / Locations
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm Type
No Intervention
Active Comparator
Arm Label
Control Arm
Intervention Arm
Arm Description
Standard of Care
Visual Inspection of Oral Cavity for Precancers and Cancer
Outcomes
Primary Outcome Measures
Oral Cancer Death Rate
Information on all deaths were collected from the municipal and district death registers, hospital medical records, death records of churches and mosques, hospital visits by the population cancer registry staff and by project health workers. Cancer cases were coded by the ICD-O 3rd edition codes and cause of death was coded using ICD-10 by the registry and project staff blinded to study group allocation. Deaths were attributed to oral cancer if the patient had histologically or clinically confirmed oral cancer, lymph nodes or distant metastasis at the time of death or had died due to complications of oral cancer treatment.
Secondary Outcome Measures
Oral Cavity Cancer Incidence
Information on incident oral cancer cases were obtained from the Trivandrum population-based cancer registry, hospital cancer registry of the RCC and medical records departments of other hospitals treating oral cancer patients. Collection of information was blinded to study group assignment of cases. The staging of oral cancers was done according to the UICC TNM staging system.
Full Information
NCT ID
NCT04494620
First Posted
July 16, 2020
Last Updated
July 28, 2020
Sponsor
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Collaborators
Regional Cancer Centre Trivandrum
1. Study Identification
Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT04494620
Brief Title
Evaluating Oral Visual Inspection in the Control of Oral Cancer
Official Title
Randomized Intervention Trial to Evaluate Oral Visual Inspection in the Control of Oral Cancer
Study Type
Interventional
2. Study Status
Record Verification Date
July 2020
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
January 1, 1996 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
December 31, 2004 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
December 31, 2014 (Actual)
3. Sponsor/Collaborators
Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Collaborators
Regional Cancer Centre Trivandrum
4. Oversight
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
No
5. Study Description
Brief Summary
Cluster-randomized controlled trial in Trivandrum district, Kerala, India to evaluate the effect of triennial screening for oral cavity cancer using visual inspection on oral cancer mortality.
Detailed Description
The study population consisted of 13 administrative regions (clusters) in Trivandrum district, Kerala, southern Indian. 7 clusters were randomly assigned to the intervention arm (3 rounds of oral visual inspection conducted 3 years apart) and were compared to the remaining 6 clusters assigned to a control arm that received standard of care. The eligibility criteria were all healthy subjects aged 35 and older, without a personal history of oral cancer. Informed consent was signed by each participant. The intervention arm consisted of 96,517 participants and the control group consisted of 95,356 participants.
6. Conditions and Keywords
Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Oral Cancer
7. Study Design
Primary Purpose
Screening
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Model Description
The control group received standard of care while the intervention group received 3 rounds of screening with visual inspection, each 3 years apart. At the 9th year of the study, once significant oral cancer mortality reduction following 3 rounds of screening among the high-risk subjects in the intervention arm was confirmed, the control arm was offered 1 round of screening with visual inspection while the intervention group was offered a 4th round of screening.
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
191873 (Actual)
8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions
Arm Title
Control Arm
Arm Type
No Intervention
Arm Description
Standard of Care
Arm Title
Intervention Arm
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Visual Inspection of Oral Cavity for Precancers and Cancer
Intervention Type
Diagnostic Test
Intervention Name(s)
Visual Inspection of Oral Cavity for Precancers and Cancer
Intervention Description
Participants were invited for 3 rounds of oral cavity cancer screening, conducted 3-years apart. Screening was conducted by health workers trained to perform visual inspection of the oral mucosa and identify potential precancerous lesions or oral cancer. Lesions found were referred to a weekly clinic for further evaluation by dentists and oncologists with experience in the diagnosis of oral lesions. Oral precancerous lesions were surgically excised whenever possible and those with confirmed oral cancer were referred for appropriate treatment with surgery, radiotherapy, and/or chemotherapy.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Oral Cancer Death Rate
Description
Information on all deaths were collected from the municipal and district death registers, hospital medical records, death records of churches and mosques, hospital visits by the population cancer registry staff and by project health workers. Cancer cases were coded by the ICD-O 3rd edition codes and cause of death was coded using ICD-10 by the registry and project staff blinded to study group allocation. Deaths were attributed to oral cancer if the patient had histologically or clinically confirmed oral cancer, lymph nodes or distant metastasis at the time of death or had died due to complications of oral cancer treatment.
Time Frame
15 years
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Oral Cavity Cancer Incidence
Description
Information on incident oral cancer cases were obtained from the Trivandrum population-based cancer registry, hospital cancer registry of the RCC and medical records departments of other hospitals treating oral cancer patients. Collection of information was blinded to study group assignment of cases. The staging of oral cancers was done according to the UICC TNM staging system.
Time Frame
15 years
10. Eligibility
Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
35 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Residing in 13 study clusters in Trivandrum City, Kerala
Exclusion Criteria:
Diagnosis with oral cancer prior to study
Bedridden subjects
Subjects suffering from open tuberculosis or other debilitating diseases
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Kunnambath Ramadas, MD, PhD
Organizational Affiliation
Regional Cancer Centre, Trivandrum, India
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan, MD
Organizational Affiliation
International Agency for Research on Cancer
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
12. IPD Sharing Statement
Plan to Share IPD
No
Citations:
PubMed Identifier
23265945
Citation
Sankaranarayanan R, Ramadas K, Thara S, Muwonge R, Thomas G, Anju G, Mathew B. Long term effect of visual screening on oral cancer incidence and mortality in a randomized trial in Kerala, India. Oral Oncol. 2013 Apr;49(4):314-21. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2012.11.004. Epub 2012 Dec 21.
Results Reference
result
PubMed Identifier
15936419
Citation
Sankaranarayanan R, Ramadas K, Thomas G, Muwonge R, Thara S, Mathew B, Rajan B; Trivandrum Oral Cancer Screening Study Group. Effect of screening on oral cancer mortality in Kerala, India: a cluster-randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2005 Jun 4-10;365(9475):1927-33. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(05)66658-5.
Results Reference
result
PubMed Identifier
33449824
Citation
Cheung LC, Ramadas K, Muwonge R, Katki HA, Thomas G, Graubard BI, Basu P, Sankaranarayanan R, Somanathan T, Chaturvedi AK. Risk-Based Selection of Individuals for Oral Cancer Screening. J Clin Oncol. 2021 Feb 20;39(6):663-674. doi: 10.1200/JCO.20.02855. Epub 2021 Jan 15.
Results Reference
derived
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Evaluating Oral Visual Inspection in the Control of Oral Cancer
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