Cognitive Function
Cognitive function will be assessed using the Brain on Track® (BoT), a self-administered computerized test that evaluates different cognitive domains. Each test has a virtually unlimited range score and considers the maximum number of correct answers that a person gives in a fixed period of time and higher scores represent higher cognitive performance.
Cognitive Function
Cognitive function will be assessed using the Brain on Track® (BoT), a self-administered computerized test that evaluates different cognitive domains. Each test has a virtually unlimited range score and considers the maximum number of correct answers that a person gives in a fixed period of time and higher scores represent higher cognitive performance.
Cognitive Function
Cognitive function will be assessed using the Brain on Track® (BoT), a self-administered computerized test that evaluates different cognitive domains. Each test has a virtually unlimited range score and considers the maximum number of correct answers that a person gives in a fixed period of time and higher scores represent higher cognitive performance.
Roland Morris disability questionnaire
The Roland Morris assesses disability caused by LBP. It has 24 statements, and the individual must tick those that relate to him that day. The total score ranges from "0" meaning no disability to "24" meaning maximum disability.
Roland Morris disability questionnaire
The Roland Morris assesses disability caused by LBP. It has 24 statements, and the individual must tick those that relate to him that day. The total score ranges from "0" meaning no disability to "24" meaning maximum disability.
Roland Morris disability questionnaire
The Roland Morris assesses disability caused by LBP. It has 24 statements, and the individual must tick those that relate to him that day. The total score ranges from "0" meaning no disability to "24" meaning maximum disability.
Central sensitization Inventory
The central sensitization inventory (CSI) assesses symptoms of central sensitization. The total score ranges from 0 to 100 points and to identify central sensitization in individuals, the recommended cut-off score is 40 points.
Central sensitization Inventory
The central sensitization inventory (CSI) assesses symptoms of central sensitization. The total score ranges from 0 to 100 points and to identify central sensitization in individuals, the recommended cut-off score is 40 points.
Central sensitization Inventory
The central sensitization inventory (CSI)assesses symptoms of central sensitization. The total score ranges from 0 to 100 points and to identify central sensitization in individuals, the recommended cut-off score is 40 points.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
HADS evaluates symptoms of anxiety and depression. The total scores range from 0 to 21 points with a 4-point Likert scale rating between "most of the times" and "not at all" with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
HADS evaluates symptoms of anxiety and depression. The total scores range from 0 to 21 points with a 4-point Likert scale rating between "most of the times" and "not at all" with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression.
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
HADS evaluates symptoms of anxiety and depression. The total scores range from 0 to 21 points with a 4-point Likert scale rating between "most of the times" and "not at all" with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression.
TAMPA Scale of Kinesiophobia
The Tampa scale measures the fear of movement related to chronic LBP. The short version has 13 items in a 4-point Likert scale rating between "strongly disagree" and "strongly agree". The total scores range from 0 to 52 points with higher levels indicating higher fear of movement.
TAMPA Scale of Kinesiophobia
The Tampa scale measures the fear of movement related to chronic LBP. The short version has 13 items in a 4-point Likert scale rating between "strongly disagree" and "strongly agree". The total scores range from 0 to 52 points with higher levels indicating higher fear of movement.
TAMPA Scale of Kinesiophobia
The Tampa scale measures the fear of movement related to chronic LBP. The short version has 13 items in a 4-point Likert scale rating between "strongly disagree" and "strongly agree". The total scores range from 0 to 52 points with higher levels indicating higher fear of movement.
Pain Catastrophizing Scale
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) assess catastrophic thinking related to pain. It has 13 statements on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 meaning "not at all" and 4 meaning "all the time". The total score ranges from 0 to 52 with higher scores indicating higher levels of catastrophizing.
Pain Catastrophizing Scale
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) assess catastrophic thinking related to pain. It has 13 statements on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 meaning "not at all" and 4 meaning "all the time". The total score ranges from 0 to 52 with higher scores indicating higher levels of catastrophizing.
Pain Catastrophizing Scale
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) assess catastrophic thinking related to pain. It has 13 statements on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 meaning "not at all" and 4 meaning "all the time". The total score ranges from 0 to 52 with higher scores indicating higher levels of catastrophizing.
Basic Scale on Insomnia Complaints and Quality of Sleep (BaSIQs)
The scale assess the difficulties with sleep onset and maintenance and the quality and depth of sleep during the last month and considering a normal week. Total score ranges from 0 to 28 points and higher scores are associated with poor quality of sleep.
Basic Scale on Insomnia Complaints and Quality of Sleep (BaSIQs)
The scale assess the difficulties with sleep onset and maintenance and the quality and depth of sleep during the last month and considering a normal week. Total score ranges from 0 to 28 points and higher scores are associated with poor quality of sleep.
Basic Scale on Insomnia Complaints and Quality of Sleep (BaSIQs)
The scale assess the difficulties with sleep onset and maintenance and the quality and depth of sleep during the last month and considering a normal week. Total score ranges from 0 to 28 points and higher scores are associated with poor quality of sleep.
Two-point discrimination
Two-point discrimination is used to assess cortical reorganization.
Two-point discrimination
Two-point discrimination is used to assess cortical reorganization.
Two-point discrimination
Two-point discrimination is used to assess cortical reorganization.
Patient's Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
PGIC evaluates the perception of improvement associated with the intervention. Participants are instructed to select on a scale from 1 ("No change or condition worsened") to 7 ("Much better, and with a considerable improvement that made all the difference") the statement that best reflected the impact of the intervention on their condition.
Patient's Global Impression of Change (PGIC)
PGIC evaluates the perception of improvement associated with the intervention. Participants are instructed to select on a scale from 1 ("No change or condition worsened") to 7 ("Much better, and with a considerable improvement that made all the difference") the statement that best reflected the impact of the intervention on their condition.