Iron Absorption From Encapsulated Iron Sulphate in Microspheres
Iron-deficiency
About this trial
This is an interventional prevention trial for Iron-deficiency focused on measuring Iron deficiency, Iron fortification, Iron encapsulation
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Female, 18 to 40 years old
- Marginal iron status (PF <25 ng/ml)
- Body weight < 65 kg
- Normal body Mass Index (18.5 - 25 kg/m2)
- Signed informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnancy (assessed by a pregnancy test) / intention to become pregnant
- Lactating up to 6 weeks before study initiation
- Moderate or severe anaemia (Hb < 9.0 g/dL)
- Elevated C reactive Protein (CRP) (> 5.0 mg/L)
- Any metabolic, gastrointestinal kidney or chronic disease such as diabetes, hepatitis, hypertension, cancer or cardiovascular diseases (according to the participants own statement)
- Continuous/long-term use of medication during the whole study (except for contraceptives)
- Consumption of mineral and vitamin supplements within 2 weeks prior to 1st meal administration
- Blood transfusion, blood donation or significant blood loss (accident, surgery) over the past 4 months
- Earlier participation in a study using Fe stable isotopes or participation in any clinical study within the last 30 days
- Participant who cannot be expected to comply with study protocol (e.g. not available on certain study appointments or difficulties with blood sampling)
Sites / Locations
- Human Nutrition Laboratory, ETH Zurich
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Arm 5
Arm 6
Arm 7
Arm 8
Arm 9
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
free FeSO4
free FeSO4 and empty microspheres
free FeSO4 with eudragit polymer
free FeSO4 with Hyaluronic Acid
encapsulated FeSO4 3.2%
encapsulated FeSO4 20%
encapsulated FeSO4 3.2%, encap. Vitamin A
encapsulated FeSO4 3.2%, encap. Vitamin A, free folicacid
FeSO4 embedded in Hyaluronic Acid
wheat bread fortified with free FeSO4
wheat bread fortified with free FeSO4, and empty microspheres
wheat bread fortified with free FeSO4, and eudragit polymer
wheat bread fortified with free FeSO4, and hyaluronic acid
wheat bread fortified with encapsulated FeSO4 in a microsphere with 3.2% Fe loading
wheat bread fortified with encapsulated FeSO4 in a microsphere with 20% Fe loading
wheat bread fortified with encapsulated FeSO4 in a microsphere with 3.2% Fe loading, and encapsulated Vitamin A as microspheres
wheat bread fortified with encapsulated FeSO4 as microsphere with 3.2% Fe loading, encapsulated Vitamin A as microspheres and free folic acid
wheat bread fortified with FeSO4 that is embedded in hyaluronic acid.