Lung Recruitment Assessment With Lung Ultrasound In Pediatric Patient Scheduled For Laparoscopic Surgery

Lung Recruitment Assessment With Lung Ultrasound In Pediatric Patient Scheduled For Laparoscopic Surgery

Lung Recruitment Assessment With Lung Ultrasound In Pediatric Patient Scheduled For Abdominal Laparoscopic Surgery

Anesthesia-induced atelectasis is a well-known entity observed in approximately 68-100% of pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia. The collapse of dependent lung zones starts with anesthesia induction but can persist for hours or even days after surgery. Such anesthesia-related atelectasis has a number of negative clinical consequences such as the impairment of arterial blood oxygenation and lung mechanics as well as the predisposition for ventilator-associated lung injury. The adjustment of ventilator settings for preventing the occurrence of atelectasis and for reducing pulmonary complications remains controversial. Lung sonography (LUS) plays an important role in diagnosing pulmonary diseases in children, including atelectasis of different origins. LUS has demonstrated its high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing anesthesia-induced atelectasis in children.

Compare lung aeration between two different mechanical ventilation strategies (protective mechanical ventilation and recruitment maneuvers) in pediatric patients scheduled for abdominal laparoscopic surgery using ultrasound imaging and a four-point-aeration score to assess the lung aeration.

Patients received standard protective mechanical ventilation during all surgery, with tidal volumen 6 ml/kg and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level of 5 (centimeter of water) cmH2O.

Patient received a lung recruitment maneuver after pneumoperitoneum insufflation. The recruitment maneuver consists in 10 breaths at 30/15 cmH2O of plateau pressure and PEEP, respectively. Then, the ventilatory settings back to protective ventilation but adding 8 cmH2O of PEEP to keep the lungs open.

The lung recruitment maneuver consists in a brief and controlled increment in airways pressure (15 cmH2O of PEEP + 15 cmH2O of driving pressure) for 10 breaths.

Compare lung aeration between protective mechanical ventilation and recruitment maneuvers in pediatric patients scheduled for abdominal laparoscopic surgery using ultrasound imaging and a four point aeration score to assess the lung aeration

Compare lung aeration between protective mechanical ventilation and recruitment maneuvers in pediatric patients scheduled for abdominal laparoscopic surgery using ultrasound imaging and a four point aeration score (0: normal lung aeration, 1: moderate loss of lung aeration, 2: severe loss of lung aeration, 3: complete loss of lung aeration and lung consolidation).

Inclusion Criteria: Written informed consent by parents. Patients aged 6 months to 7 years old Scheduled for abdominal laparoscopic surgery American Society of Anesthesiologists classification: physical status I-II Exclusion Criteria: Acute airway infection Cardiovascular and or pulmonary disease Previous thoracic procedure

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