Memory Modulation by Pain During Anesthesia (MMA)
Amnesia, Pain, Anesthesia
About this trial
This is an interventional basic science trial for Amnesia focused on measuring midazolam, dexmedetomidine, memory, ketamine
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Healthy adult volunteers, with normal memory and hearing, whose native language is English
Exclusion Criteria:
- pregnancy
- significant memory or hearing loss
- sleep apnea
- chronic pain
- metal or electronic implants
- claustrophobia
- Currently taking: antidepressants, anti-psychotics, antihistamines, anti-anxiety medication, stimulants, sleep-aids, or pain medication
Sites / Locations
- University of Pittsburgh
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Arm 3
Arm 4
Arm 5
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Experimental
Dexmedetomidine Only
Midazolam Only
Ketamine Only
Saline/Midazolam/Saline/Ketamine
Saline/Ketamine/Saline/Midazolam
All subjects receive saline (control), followed by a dexmedetomidine infusion. They also experience intermittent experimental pain delivered by peripheral nerve stimulation.
Subjects receive saline (control), followed by midazolam infusion. They also experience intermittent experimental pain delivered by peripheral nerve stimulation.
All subjects receive saline (control), followed by ketamine infusion. They also experience intermittent experimental pain delivered by peripheral nerve stimulation.
All subjects receive saline (control), followed by midazolam infusion. They also experience intermittent experimental pain delivered by peripheral nerve stimulation. Subjects then returned at least 1 week later for another set of experimental sessions with the same design, however the saline was followed by ketamine infusion.
All subjects receive saline (control), followed by ketamine infusion. They also experience intermittent experimental pain delivered by peripheral nerve stimulation. Subjects then returned at least 1 week later for another set of experimental sessions with the same design, however the saline was followed by midazolam infusion.