Single-dose Pharmacokinetics (PK): Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax) for Palbociclib
Cmax of palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was observed directly from data.
Single-dose PK: Time to Reach Maximum Plasma Concentration (Tmax) for Palbociclib
Tmax for palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was observed directly from data as time of first occurrence.
Single-dose PK: Area Under the Plasma Concentration Versus Time Curve (AUC) From Time 0 to the Time 10 Hours (AUC10) for Palbociclib
AUC10 for palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was obtained by linear/log trapezoidal method.
Single-dose PK: AUC From Time 0 to the Time 24 Hours (AUC24) for Palbociclib
AUC24 is AUCtau, where the dosing interval (tau) is 24 hours. AUC24 in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) for palbociclib was obtained by linear/log trapezoidal method.
Single-dose PK: AUC From Time 0 to the Time of Last Quantifiable Concentration (AUClast) for Palbociclib
AUClast for palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was obtained by linear/log trapezoidal method.
Single-dose PK: AUC From Time 0 Extrapolated to Infinite Time (AUCinf) for Palbociclib
AUCinf for palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was calculated as AUClast + (Clast/kel), where Clast was the predicted plasma concentration at the last quantifiable time point estimated from the log-linear regression analysis and kel was the rate constant for terminal phase obtained by linear regression of the log-linear concentration-time curve.
Single-dose PK: Rate Constant for Terminal Phase (Kel) for Palbociclib
Kel for palbociclibo in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was obtained by linear regression of the log-linear concentration-time curve.
Single-dose PK: Mean Residence Time (MRT) for Palbociclib
MRT for palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was calculated as AUMCinf/AUCinf, where AUMCinf was area under the first moment curve from time 0 to infinity.
Single-dose PK: Terminal Half-Life (t1/2) for Palbociclib
t1/2 for palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was calculated as Loge(2)/kel.
Single-dose PK: Apparent Oral Clearance (CL/F) for Palbociclib
CL/F for palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was calculated as Dose/AUCinf.
Single-dose PK: Apparent Volume of Distribution (Vz/F) for Palbociclib
Vz/F for palbociclib in the single-dose part (lead-in phase) was calculated as Dose/(AUCinf * kel).
Multiple-dose PK: Maximum Plasma Concentration at Steady State (Css,Max) for Palbociclib
Css,max of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was observed directly from data.
Multiple-dose PK: Minimum Plasma Concentration at Steady State (Css,Min) for Palbociclib
Css,min of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was observed directly from data.
Multiple-dose PK: AUC Within a Dosing Interval of Tau (=24 Hours) at Steady State (AUCss,Tau) for Palbociclib
AUCss,tau of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was determined by linear/log trapezoidal method.
Multiple-dose PK: Average Plasma Concentration at Steady State (Css,av) for Palbociclib
Css,av of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was calculated as AUCss,tau/tau, where tau was 24 hours.
Multiple-dose PK: Time to Reach Maximum Plasma Concentration at Steady State (Tss,Max) for Palbociclib
Tss,max of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was observed directly from data as time of first occurrence within tau (=24 hours) at steady state.
Multiple-dose PK: Vz/F for Palbociclib
Vz/F of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was calculated as Dose/(AUCss,tau * kel), where AUCss,tau was the AUC within a dosing interval of tau (=24 hours) at steady state and kel was the terminal phase rate constant following multiple-dose calculated by a linear regression of the log-linear concentration-time curve.
Multiple-dose PK: t1/2 for Palbociclib
t1/2 of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was calculated as ln (2)/kel, where kel was the terminal phase rate constant following multiple-dose calculated by a linear regression of the log-linear concentration-time curve.
Multiple-dose PK: CL/F for Palbociclib
CL/F of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was calculated as Dose/AUCss,tau, where AUCss,tau was the AUC within a dosing interval of tau (=24 hours) at steady state.
Multiple-dose PK: Peak to Trough Fluctuation at Steady State (PTF) for Palbociclib
PTF of palbociclib in the multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) was determined as (Css,max - Css,min)/Css,av. Css,max and Css,min were observed directly from data while Css,av was calculated as AUCss,tau/tau, where tau was 24 hours.
Observed Accumulation Ratio (Rac) for Palbociclib
Rac of palbociclib was determined as AUCss,tau/AUCsd,tau, where AUCss,tau (tau=24 hours) was from multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) and AUCsd,tau was AUC24 from single-dose part (lead-in phase).
Steady State Accumulation Ratio (Rss) for Palbociclib
Rss of palbociclib was calcualted as AUCss,tau/AUCinf, where AUCss,tau (tau=24 hours) was from multiple-dose part (Cycle 1) and AUCinf was from single-dose part (lead-in phase).
Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent Adverse Events (AEs) and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)
An AE was any untoward medical occurrence in a participant who received study treatment without regard to possibility of causal relationship. An SAE was an AE resulting in any of the following outcomes or deemed significant for any other reason: death; life-threatening (immediate risk of death); initial or prolonged inpatient hospitalization; persistent or significant disability/incapacity; congenital anomaly/birth defect. Treatment-emergent AEs were those with initial onset or increasing in severity on or after the first dose of investigational product administration. AEs included both SAEs and non-serious AEs. Causality to study treatment was determined by the investigator.
Number of Participants With Treatment-Emergent AEs by Maximum National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) Grade
Treatment-emergent AEs were those with initial onset or increasing in severity after the first dose of study treatment. AEs were graded by NCI CTCAE version 4.0: Grade 1: mild AE; Grade 2: moderate AE; Grade 3: severe AE; Grade 4: life-threatening consequences, urgent intervention indicated; Grade 5: death related to AE.
Number of Participants With Laboratory Test Abnormalities
The number of participants with the following laboratory test abnormalities meeting any of the Grades 1 to 4 criteria per the NCI CTCAE (version 4.0) was summarized: anemia, lymphopenia, neutropenia, platelet count decreased, white blood cell (WBC) decreased, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased, alkaline phosphatase increased, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased, bilirubin (total) increased, creatinine increased, hypercalcemia, hyperglycemia, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, hypernatremia, hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hyponatremia.
Number of Participants Meeting the Categorical Summarization Criteria for QTcF and QTcB Parameters
QT interval (time from electrocardiogram [ECG] Q wave to the end of the T wave corresponding to electrical systole) corrected for heart rate using Fridericia's formula was QTcF and QT interval corrected for heart rate using Bazett's formula was QTcB. Categorical summarization criteria for QTcF and QTcB were as follows: 1) maximum absolute value of <450 msec, 450 to 480 msec, 481 to 500 msec, or >=500 msec; 2) maximum increase from baseline of <30 msec, 30 to <60 msec, or >=60 msec.
Progression-Free Survival (PFS)
PFS was defined as the time from Cycle 1 Day 1 to date of first documentation of disease progression (PD) or death due to any cause, whichever occurred first. Documentation of progression was by objective disease assessment as defined by the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) (version 1.1). Objective status of PD was defined as a >=20% increase in the sum of diameters of target measurable lesions above the smallest sum observed (over baseline if no decrease in the sum was observed during therapy), with a minimum absolute increase of 5 mm; or unequivocal progression of pre-existing lesions for non-target disease; or appearance of new lesions.
Percentage of Participants Achieving Objective Response (Objective Response Rate [ORR])
ORR was the percentage of participants with an objective response (complete response [CR] or partial response [PR]). Per RECIST (version 1.1), objective status of CR: target lesions and non-target diseases achieved CR, without new lesions; objective status of PR: target lesions achieved CR or PR while non-target diseases were non-CR/non-PD, indeterminate or missing, and without new lesions. For target lesions, CR: complete disappearance of all target lesions except nodal disease (target nodes must decrease to normal size); PR: >=30% decrease under baseline of the sum of diameters of all target measurable lesions. For non-target diseases, CR: disappearance of all non-target lesions and normalization of tumor marker levels; non-CR/non-PD: persistence of any non-target lesions and/or tumor marker level above the normal limits; Indeterminate: progression had not been determined and >=1 non-target sites were not assessed or assessment methods were inconsistent with those used at baseline.
Percentage of Participants Achieving Disease Control (Disease Control Rate [DCR])
DCR was the percentage of participants achieving disease control (CR, PR or stable disease [SD] >=24 weeks from Cycle 1 Day 1 to PD or death due to any cause). The definitions for objective status of CR, PR, and PD per RECIST (version 1.1) can be found in the previous Outcome Measures. Per RECIST (version 1.1), objective status of SD: target lesions achieved SD (i.e., did not qualify for CR, PR or PD) while non-target diseases were assessed as non-CR/non-PD, indeterminate or missing, and there were no new lesions.
Duration of Response
Duration of response was the time from first documentation of CR or PR to date of first documentation of PD or death for the participants with an objective response (CR or PR). The definitions of CR, PR, and PD per RECIST (version 1.1) can be found in the previous Outcome Measures.
1-Year PFS Probability
One-year PFS probability was defined as the probability (expressed as percentage) of PFS at 1 year after Cycle 1 Day 1.
Trough Plasma Concentration of Letrozole
Plasma samples were analyzed for letrozole concentrations using a validated, sensitive and specific high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometric (HPLC/MS/MS) method.
Ratio Over Baseline for Skin Biomarker Phosphorylated Retinoblastoma Protein (pRb) Expression
The pRb was one of the skin biomarkers and samples were assayed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) method. Ratio over baseline was calculated by dividing the H-score value for pRb at each specified time point by baseline value. The H-score value, which could range from 0 to 300 (strongest expression) with higher score representing stronger expression, was calculated from the total of each individual intensity of staining (0 [negative], 1+ [weak], 2+ [moderate], 3+ [strong]) multiplied by the percentages of cells (0 to 100) that represented that staining.
Ratio Over Baseline for Skin Biomarker Ki67 Expression
The Ki67 was one of the skin biomarkers and samples were assayed using IHC method. Ratio over baseline was calculated by dividing the percentage of Ki67 positive cells at each specified time point by baseline value.
Ratio Over Baseline for Thymidine Kinase (TK) Concentration
Blood samples were collected to provide serum for the assessments of TK activity. The concentrations of TK were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Ratio of serum TK concentration at each specified time point over baseline value was presented.