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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Different Nicotine Salt Concentration Vape System Pods and Free-base Nicotine

Primary Purpose

Nicotine Dependence

Status
Completed
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
Switzerland
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
standardized vaping protocol
Sponsored by
Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional other trial for Nicotine Dependence focused on measuring nicotine, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesAccepts Healthy Volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Men or women, age 18 or older at screening, who have used electronic cigarettes and/or smoked at least 5 cigarettes per day in the past 30 days
  • Saliva cotinine of > 50 ng/mL at screening
  • No clinically significant findings on the physical examination at screening
  • Ability to communicate well with the investigator and to understand and comply with the requirements of the study
  • Women of child-bearing age: willingness of using a reliable contraception method during the study
  • Signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Known hypersensitivity/allergy to a content of the e-liquid
  • Pregnancy or breast feeding
  • BMI < 18 or > 28 kg/m2 at screening
  • History or clinical evidence of alcoholism or drug abuse within the 3-year period prior to screening
  • Loss of ≥ 250 ml of blood within 3 months prior to screening, including blood donation
  • Treatment with an investigational drug within 30 days prior to screening
  • Treatment with prescribed or over-the-counter (OTC) medications with potential influence on CYP2A6 function within 1 week prior to screening (with the exception of contraception)
  • History or clinical evidence of any disease (e.g. gastrointestinal tract-disease) and/or existence of any surgical or medical condition, which in the opinion of the investigator might interfere with the absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion of the study drugs, or which might increase the risk for toxicity
  • Legal incapacity or limited legal capacity at screening
  • Any circumstances or conditions, which, in the opinion of the investigator, may affect full participation in the study or compliance with the protocol

Sites / Locations

  • Inselspital, University Hospital Bern

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm 3

Arm Type

Other

Other

Other

Arm Label

Nicotine salt 20 mg/mL

Nicotine salt 40 mg/mL

Free-base nicotine 20 mg/mL

Arm Description

Vaping of nicotine salt e-liquids with a nicotine concentration of 20 mg/mL.

Vaping of nicotine salt e-liquids with a nicotine concentration of 40 mg/mL.

Vaping of free-base nicotine e-liquids with a nicotine concentration of 20 mg/mL.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Nicotine Peak Plasma Concentration (Cmax)
Comparison of nicotine Cmax between groups

Secondary Outcome Measures

Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC)
Comparison of the nicotine AUC between groups
Time at which the Cmax is observed (Tmax)
Comparison of the nicotine Tmax between groups
Elimination half-life (t1/2)
Comparison of t1/2 between groups
Genotyping of the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6
CYP2A6 genotype (allele variants)
Nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR)
Nicotine clearance assessed using 3'-hydroxycotinine/cotinine ratios
Modified Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS)
Excluding items relating to sleep disturbance and constipation, including eight items (angry/irritable/frustrated, anxious/nervous, depressed mood/sad, desire or craving to smoke, difficulty concentrating, increased appetite/hungry, restless and impatient), rated on a 0=none to 4=severe scale
Tiffany Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief (QSU) total (global) craving score
Mean of ten items, rated on a 1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree scale
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)
Including items assigned as Positive or Negative Affect (each score is the sum of ten items, rated on a 1=very slightly/not at all to 5=extremely scale)
Respiratory symptoms
Yes/no: shortness of breath, wheezing, cough, phlegm
Direct effects
E.g. satisfying, calming, pleasant, vape another one right now, assessed using visual analog scales (0-100 mm) with a single word scored from left (not at all) to right (extremely)
Heart rate
Heart rate measurements (bpm)
Systolic blood pressure
Systolic blood pressure measurements (mmHg)
Diastolic blood pressure
Diastolic blood pressure measurements (mmHg)

Full Information

First Posted
November 12, 2019
Last Updated
September 5, 2022
Sponsor
Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern
Collaborators
University of Bern
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT04170907
Brief Title
Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Different Nicotine Salt Concentration Vape System Pods and Free-base Nicotine
Official Title
Randomized Crossover Study Comparing the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Two Different Nicotine Salt Concentrations and Free-base Nicotine Using an Open Vape Pod System
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
April 2022
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
April 19, 2022 (Actual)
Primary Completion Date
August 30, 2022 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
August 30, 2022 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Insel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bern
Collaborators
University of Bern

4. Oversight

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Drug Product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated Device Product
No
Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Comparison of the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of two different nicotine salt concentrations and free-base nicotine using an open vape pod system
Detailed Description
On each study day, one puff will be taken with the assigned product every 30 seconds (total of 10 puffs). Blood samples will be collected to measure nicotine 15 minutes before vaping and 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff. Heart rate and blood pressure will be measured 15 minutes before and 2, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff. Post-use withdrawal, craving, reward, and satisfaction will be assessed 10 minutes and 1 and 3 hours after the last puff using the modified Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS), the Tiffany Questionnaire on Smoking Urges (QSU), and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) questionnaires. Respiratory symptoms will be assessed at baseline and 5 minutes after the last puff. Ten minutes post-use, the direct effects of the assigned product (e.g. satisfying, calming, pleasant, vape another one right now) will also be assessed using visual analog scales.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Nicotine Dependence
Keywords
nicotine, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Other
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Crossover Assignment
Model Description
Participants will be switched in a within-subject crossover design among the three product types.
Masking
ParticipantInvestigator
Masking Description
Vaping of high and low concentration nicotine salt and free-base nicotine will be double-blinded.
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
20 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Nicotine salt 20 mg/mL
Arm Type
Other
Arm Description
Vaping of nicotine salt e-liquids with a nicotine concentration of 20 mg/mL.
Arm Title
Nicotine salt 40 mg/mL
Arm Type
Other
Arm Description
Vaping of nicotine salt e-liquids with a nicotine concentration of 40 mg/mL.
Arm Title
Free-base nicotine 20 mg/mL
Arm Type
Other
Arm Description
Vaping of free-base nicotine e-liquids with a nicotine concentration of 20 mg/mL.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
standardized vaping protocol
Intervention Description
The following questionnaires will first be completed: Modified Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale, Tiffany Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief total (global) craving score, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. The assigned product will then be given to the participant, and one puff will be taken every 30 seconds (total of 10 puffs). Blood samples will be collected 15 minutes before vaping and 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff. Heart rate and blood pressure will be measured 15 minutes before and 2, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff. Post-use withdrawal, craving, reward, and satisfaction will be assessed 10 minutes and 1 and 3 hours after the last puff. Respiratory Symptoms will be assessed at baseline and 5 minutes after the last puff. Ten minutes post-use, the direct effects will also be assessed.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Nicotine Peak Plasma Concentration (Cmax)
Description
Comparison of nicotine Cmax between groups
Time Frame
Blood samples collection: 15 minutes before and 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC)
Description
Comparison of the nicotine AUC between groups
Time Frame
Blood samples collection: 15 minutes before and 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff
Title
Time at which the Cmax is observed (Tmax)
Description
Comparison of the nicotine Tmax between groups
Time Frame
Blood samples collection: 15 minutes before and 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff
Title
Elimination half-life (t1/2)
Description
Comparison of t1/2 between groups
Time Frame
Blood samples collection: 15 minutes before and 2, 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff
Title
Genotyping of the hepatic cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2A6
Description
CYP2A6 genotype (allele variants)
Time Frame
Blood sample collection during first session
Title
Nicotine metabolite ratio (NMR)
Description
Nicotine clearance assessed using 3'-hydroxycotinine/cotinine ratios
Time Frame
Assessed at screening visit
Title
Modified Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS)
Description
Excluding items relating to sleep disturbance and constipation, including eight items (angry/irritable/frustrated, anxious/nervous, depressed mood/sad, desire or craving to smoke, difficulty concentrating, increased appetite/hungry, restless and impatient), rated on a 0=none to 4=severe scale
Time Frame
Baseline, 10 minutes and 1 and 3 hours after the last puff
Title
Tiffany Questionnaire on Smoking Urges-Brief (QSU) total (global) craving score
Description
Mean of ten items, rated on a 1=strongly disagree to 7=strongly agree scale
Time Frame
Baseline, 10 minutes and 1 and 3 hours after the last puff
Title
Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS)
Description
Including items assigned as Positive or Negative Affect (each score is the sum of ten items, rated on a 1=very slightly/not at all to 5=extremely scale)
Time Frame
Baseline, 10 minutes and 1 and 3 hours after the last puff
Title
Respiratory symptoms
Description
Yes/no: shortness of breath, wheezing, cough, phlegm
Time Frame
At baseline and 5 minutes after the last puff
Title
Direct effects
Description
E.g. satisfying, calming, pleasant, vape another one right now, assessed using visual analog scales (0-100 mm) with a single word scored from left (not at all) to right (extremely)
Time Frame
Ten minutes post-use
Title
Heart rate
Description
Heart rate measurements (bpm)
Time Frame
15 minutes before and 2, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff
Title
Systolic blood pressure
Description
Systolic blood pressure measurements (mmHg)
Time Frame
15 minutes before and 2, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff
Title
Diastolic blood pressure
Description
Diastolic blood pressure measurements (mmHg)
Time Frame
15 minutes before and 2, 10, 15, 30, 60, 120, and 180 minutes after the last puff

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Men or women, age 18 or older at screening, who have used electronic cigarettes and/or smoked at least 5 cigarettes per day in the past 30 days Saliva cotinine of > 50 ng/mL at screening No clinically significant findings on the physical examination at screening Ability to communicate well with the investigator and to understand and comply with the requirements of the study Women of child-bearing age: willingness of using a reliable contraception method during the study Signed informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Known hypersensitivity/allergy to a content of the e-liquid Pregnancy or breast feeding BMI < 18 or > 28 kg/m2 at screening History or clinical evidence of alcoholism or drug abuse within the 3-year period prior to screening Loss of ≥ 250 ml of blood within 3 months prior to screening, including blood donation Treatment with an investigational drug within 30 days prior to screening Treatment with prescribed or over-the-counter (OTC) medications with potential influence on CYP2A6 function within 1 week prior to screening (with the exception of contraception) History or clinical evidence of any disease (e.g. gastrointestinal tract-disease) and/or existence of any surgical or medical condition, which in the opinion of the investigator might interfere with the absorption, distribution, metabolism or excretion of the study drugs, or which might increase the risk for toxicity Legal incapacity or limited legal capacity at screening Any circumstances or conditions, which, in the opinion of the investigator, may affect full participation in the study or compliance with the protocol
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Evangelia Liakoni, MD
Organizational Affiliation
Sponsor: Inselspital, Bern University Hospital
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Inselspital, University Hospital Bern
City
Bern
State/Province
BE
ZIP/Postal Code
3010
Country
Switzerland

12. IPD Sharing Statement

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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Different Nicotine Salt Concentration Vape System Pods and Free-base Nicotine

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