Children's Depression Inventory-2 (CDI-2)
Adolescent depressive symptom severity will be assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory-2 (CDI-2) Child and Parent forms. The CDI-2 is a reliable, valid measure of youth depression severity, normed for youth age and sex and yielding raw and T scores. Changes in youth CDI2 scores from baseline to each of the follow-up assessments will serve as the primary index of intervention effects. The CDI-2 will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Each item on the child form is scored 0-2, yielding a total score between 0 and 56 with a higher total score indicating increased depressive symptomatology and a lower total score indicating decreased depressive symptomatology. Each item on the parent form is scored 0-3, yielding a total score between 0 and 51 with a higher score indicating increased depressive symptomatology and a lower total score indicating decreased depressive symptomatology.
Children's Depression Inventory-2 (CDI-2)
Adolescent depressive symptom severity will be assessed using the Children's Depression Inventory-2 (CDI-2) Child and Parent forms. The CDI-2 is a reliable, valid measure of youth depression severity, normed for youth age and sex and yielding raw and T scores. Changes in youth CDI2 scores from baseline to each of the follow-up assessments will serve as the primary index of intervention effects. The CDI-2 will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Each item on the child form is scored 0-2, yielding a total score between 0 and 56 with a higher total score indicating increased depressive symptomatology and a lower total score indicating decreased depressive symptomatology. Each item on the parent form is scored 0-3, yielding a total score between 0 and 51 with a higher score indicating increased depressive symptomatology and a lower total score indicating decreased depressive symptomatology.
Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition (BRIEF-2)
The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition (BRIEF-2) is a valid, reliable tool for assessing executive functioning skills in home and school environments. Changes in BRIEF-2 scores from baseline to the 3-month follow-up assessment will serve as the primary index of intervention effects. The BRIEF-2 will take approximately 10 minutes. Each item on the child form is scored 1-3 (1 = Never; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Often), yielding a total score between 55 and 165 with a higher total score indicating more severe deficiency. Each item on the parent form is scored 1-3 (1 = Never; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Often), yielding a total scored between 55 and 165 with a higher total score indicating more severe deficiency.
Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition (BRIEF-2)
The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function, Second Edition (BRIEF-2) is a valid, reliable tool for assessing executive functioning skills in home and school environments. Changes in BRIEF-2 scores from baseline to the 3-month follow-up assessment will serve as the primary index of intervention effects. The BRIEF-2 will take approximately 10 minutes. Each item on the child form is scored 1-3 (1 = Never; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Often), yielding a total score between 55 and 165 with a higher total score indicating more severe deficiency. Each item on the parent form is scored 1-3 (1 = Never; 2 = Sometimes; 3 = Often), yielding a total scored between 55 and 165 with a higher total score indicating more severe deficiency.
Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18)
The Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18) is a valid, reliable screening tool for adult (here, parental) psychological distress. Adult respondents rate endorsement of 18 physical and emotional complaints on a 0-4 Likert scale (0 = Not at all; 4 = Extremely), yielding a total between 0 and 72 with a higher score indicating increased parental stress. The BSI-18 includes 3 subscales for somatic, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, respectively. The total sum score yields an additional total distress score. The BSI-18 will take approximately 4 minutes to complete.
Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18)
The Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18) is a valid, reliable screening tool for adult (here, parental) psychological distress. Adult respondents rate endorsement of 18 physical and emotional complaints on a 0-4 Likert scale (0 = Not at all; 4 = Extremely), yielding a total between 0 and 72 with a higher score indicating increased parental stress. The BSI-18 includes 3 subscales for somatic, anxiety, and depressive symptoms, respectively. The total sum score yields an additional total distress score. The BSI-18 will take approximately 4 minutes to complete.
Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children-2 (MASC-2)
The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children-2 (MASC-2) is widely-used in ASD studies. The parent- and self-report versions appear to measure the same construct in youths receiving the intervention and active control. It will be included in obtained models to see whether it alters patterns of effects. The MASC-2 will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 0-3 (0 = Never; 3 = Often), yielding a total score between 0 and 150 with a higher total score indicating increased symptom severity.
Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children-2 (MASC-2)
The Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children-2 (MASC-2) is widely-used in ASD studies. The parent- and self-report versions appear to measure the same construct in youths receiving the intervention and active control. It will be included in obtained models to see whether it alters patterns of effects. The MASC-2 will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 0-3 (0 = Never; 3 = Often), yielding a total score between 0 and 150 with a higher total score indicating increased symptom severity.
Primary Control Scale for Children (PCSC)
The Primary Control Scale for Children (PCSC) is a 24-item scale measuring youths' perceived ability to influence or alter objective events or conditions through personal effort. Youth rate agreement with statements about their ability to exert primary control (e.g., "I can do well on tests if I study hard"; "I can get other kids to like me if I try"). This PCSC has shown acceptable internal consistency, 6-month test-retest reliability, and strong inverse relations to adolescent depressive symptoms. The PCSC will take approximately 10 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 0-3, yielding a total score between 0 and 72, with an decreased total score indicating decreased ability to exert primary control.
Primary Control Scale for Children (PCSC)
The Primary Control Scale for Children (PCSC) is a 24-item scale measuring youths' perceived ability to influence or alter objective events or conditions through personal effort. Youth rate agreement with statements about their ability to exert primary control (e.g., "I can do well on tests if I study hard"; "I can get other kids to like me if I try"). This PCSC has shown acceptable internal consistency, 6-month test-retest reliability, and strong inverse relations to adolescent depressive symptoms. The PCSC will take approximately 10 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 0-3, yielding a total score between 0 and 72, with an decreased total score indicating decreased ability to exert primary control.
Primary Control Scale for Children (PCSC)
The Primary Control Scale for Children (PCSC) is a 24-item scale measuring youths' perceived ability to influence or alter objective events or conditions through personal effort. Youth rate agreement with statements about their ability to exert primary control (e.g., "I can do well on tests if I study hard"; "I can get other kids to like me if I try"). This PCSC has shown acceptable internal consistency, 6-month test-retest reliability, and strong inverse relations to adolescent depressive symptoms. The PCSC will take approximately 10 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 0-3, yielding a total score between 0 and 72, with an decreased total score indicating decreased ability to exert primary control.
Secondary Control Scale for Children (SCSC)
The Secondary Control Scale for Children (SCSC) is a 20-item scale measuring youths' perceived ability to shape the personal impact of objective conditions on oneself, by adjusting oneself to fit those conditions. Youth rate agreement with items reflecting various kinds of secondary control, such as adjusting cognition ("When something bad happens, I can find a way to think about it that makes me feel better"). The SCSC has shown acceptable reliability and validity in a large youth sample. The SCSC will take approximately 5 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 0-3, yielding a total score between 0 and 60, with an decreased total score indicating decreased ability to exert primary control.
Secondary Control Scale for Children (SCSC)
The Secondary Control Scale for Children (SCSC) is a 20-item scale measuring youths' perceived ability to shape the personal impact of objective conditions on oneself, by adjusting oneself to fit those conditions. Youth rate agreement with items reflecting various kinds of secondary control, such as adjusting cognition ("When something bad happens, I can find a way to think about it that makes me feel better"). The SCSC has shown acceptable reliability and validity in a large youth sample. The SCSC will take approximately 5 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 0-3, yielding a total score between 0 and 60, with an decreased total score indicating decreased ability to exert primary control.
Secondary Control Scale for Children (SCSC)
The Secondary Control Scale for Children (SCSC) is a 20-item scale measuring youths' perceived ability to shape the personal impact of objective conditions on oneself, by adjusting oneself to fit those conditions. Youth rate agreement with items reflecting various kinds of secondary control, such as adjusting cognition ("When something bad happens, I can find a way to think about it that makes me feel better"). The SCSC has shown acceptable reliability and validity in a large youth sample. The SCSC will take approximately 5 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 0-3, yielding a total score between 0 and 60, with an decreased total score indicating decreased ability to exert primary control.
Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2)
The Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) is a 65-item scale measuring the parent's perceived presence, and severity, of current social deficits. Changes in the SRS-2 from baseline to the follow-up assessment will serve as the secondary index of intervention effects. The SRS-2 will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 1-4, yielding a total score between 65 and 260 with a higher total score indicating increased deficiencies.
Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2)
The Social Responsiveness Scale-2 (SRS-2) is a 65-item scale measuring the parent's perceived presence, and severity, of current social deficits. Changes in the SRS-2 from baseline to the follow-up assessment will serve as the secondary index of intervention effects. The SRS-2 will take approximately 15 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 1-4, yielding a total score between 65 and 260 with a higher total score indicating increased deficiencies.
The Self Perception Profile for Children/ Adolescents (SPPC/A) self-report
The Self Perception Profile for Children/ Adolescents (SPPC/A) self-report is a short questionnaire that measures the self-esteem of youth. This measure will be administered in lab to parents and children. All SPPC/A will be administered by research assistants. The SPPC/A will take approximately 5 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 1-4, yielding a total score between 10 and 40 with a higher total score indicating increased social competence.
The Self Perception Profile for Children/ Adolescents (SPPC/A) self-report
The Self Perception Profile for Children/ Adolescents (SPPC/A) self-report is a short questionnaire that measures the self-esteem of youth. This measure will be administered in lab to parents and children. All SPPC/A will be administered by research assistants. The SPPC/A will take approximately 5 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 1-4, yielding a total score between 10 and 40 with a higher total score indicating increased social competence.
The Self Perception Profile for Children/ Adolescents (SPPC/A) self-report
The Self Perception Profile for Children/ Adolescents (SPPC/A) self-report is a short questionnaire that measures the self-esteem of youth. This measure will be administered in lab to parents and children. All SPPC/A will be administered by research assistants. The SPPC/A will take approximately 5 minutes to complete. Each item is scored 1-4, yielding a total score between 10 and 40 with a higher total score indicating increased social competence.
Implicit Personality Theory Questionnaire (ITPQ)
The IPTQ asks youth to rate the extent of their agreement with three statements linked to the malleability of personality, using a 1-to-7 Likert scale (e.g. "Your personality is something about you that you can't change very much"). Higher summed scores on these three items indicate a stronger fixed personality mindset, a lower scores, a stronger growth personality mindset. The ITPQ will take approximately 4 minutes to complete.
Implicit Personality Theory Questionnaire (ITPQ)
The IPTQ asks youth to rate the extent of their agreement with three statements linked to the malleability of personality, using a 1-to-7 Likert scale (e.g. "Your personality is something about you that you can't change very much"). Higher summed scores on these three items indicate a stronger fixed personality mindset, a lower scores, a stronger growth personality mindset. The ITPQ will take approximately 4 minutes to complete.
Implicit Personality Theory Questionnaire (ITPQ)
The IPTQ asks youth to rate the extent of their agreement with three statements linked to the malleability of personality, using a 1-to-7 Likert scale (e.g. "Your personality is something about you that you can't change very much"). Higher summed scores on these three items indicate a stronger fixed personality mindset, a lower scores, a stronger growth personality mindset. The ITPQ will take approximately 4 minutes to complete.