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Prospective Study in the Emergency (PROPA)

Primary Purpose

Pyelonephritis

Status
Terminated
Phase
Phase 2
Locations
France
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
care management arm N°1 vs arm N°2
Care management
Sponsored by
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional diagnostic trial for Pyelonephritis focused on measuring pyelonephritis, Infection, Antibiotic treatment

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • man or woman
  • age ≥ 18 years
  • signed a written informed consent
  • Social security coverage
  • have all the necessary signs for a PNA diagnosis
  • whose ranking to PNA-1, PNA or PNA-2-3 is possible

Fever ≥ 38.5 ° C

  • Or the possibility of hypothermia in the single case of PNA-3
  • Of a spontaneous pain of one or both sides
  • Pain caused to the costovertebral angle
  • And presence of leukocyturia GB/mm3 ≥ 10 with or without nitriturie
  • Imaging examination at least abdominopelvic ultrasound (EAP) or CT, excluding any other possible diagnoses

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant or lactating women because they are also mother-child care
  • Patients refusing to provide reliable contact information, especially phone number
  • In general, patients with significant cognitive impairment, no entourage, because adherence to guidelines, treatment and monitoring can be very random
  • The PNA 3 emergency situation such as no time to start antibiotics ("antibiotic Emergency" = 30 to 60 minutes between arrival and administration of antibiotics) or reanimation can not be accepted, especially if a third person was required to sign the consent. The typical example is the patient with septic shock.
  • Inclusion in another study,
  • Any suspected nosocomial PNA, defined as any PNA appeared within 48 hours of discharge from a medical institution. The residential facilities for the frail elderly (retirement homes), and other institutions for the aged, not medicalized, are not affected by this limitation.
  • All uptake within 24 hours of: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, or ceftriaxone.

Taking antibiotics considered less active in E. coli (amoxicillin ± clavulanate, trimethoprim) or ineffective in the pna (norfloxacin), before arriving at the hospital regardless of its duration, is not an exclusion criteria. The approach should remain similar to those of other patients, and possible exclusion imposed only if the initial bacteriuria is ≤ 103 CFU / ml.

Sites / Locations

  • Hôpital Ambroise Paré

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Active Comparator

Active Comparator

Arm Label

ambulatory

hospitalisation

Arm Description

Patient will be treated for 7 days at home, then 3 follow-up visit at hospital.

7 days for mono-antibiotherapy at hospital.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

The overall cure rate.
This is the clinical and bacteriological cure, defined by apyrexia, the disappearance of pain and bacteriuria <103 CFU / ml at the 3 follow-up consultations till 45 ± 3 days after the first day of inclusion (day 0), 6 weeks tracking in total.

Secondary Outcome Measures

1) Evaluation in the two arms of the PNA-2 and PNA-1 classes
Evaluation in the two arms of the PNA-2 and PNA-1 classes: The rate of complications related to the strategy, including aggravation of infection and initial misdiagnosis Changes and duration of antibiotic therapy The rate of secondary hospitalizations The recovery time of the previous activity Rates of pro-ADM
2) Evaluation in the PNA-3 category
In the PNA-3 category: duration of antibiotic therapy and hospitalization.
3)For the three categories
For the three categories: evidence of association between clinical symptoms, history, age and sex, the rate of pro-ADM and healing to construct a prognostic score.

Full Information

First Posted
May 14, 2012
Last Updated
October 7, 2013
Sponsor
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT01628900
Brief Title
Prospective Study in the Emergency
Acronym
PROPA
Official Title
New Prognostic Classification of Acute Pyelonephritis With Adaptation of the Therapeutic. Prospective Randomized Study in the Emergency
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
June 2011
Overall Recruitment Status
Terminated
Study Start Date
May 2012 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
April 2013 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
July 2013 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
No

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
The prevalence of acute pyelonephritis (PNA) is 60-75 000/year. They are traditionally classified as uncomplicated (60-65%) and complicated. If it is assumed that the uncomplicated PNA can be treated as outpatients with a cure rate of over 80%, the second group is very heterogeneous. Some patients are severely infected. But others, despite an older age, structural urologic abnormalities or a controlled history, have no risk factors and can be simply managed. The investigators propose to reclassify the PNA into 3 categories: uncomplicated PNA (PNA-1), the PNA of moderate severity (PNA-2), the major PNA (PNA-3) to test whether the PNA-2 can benefit from the same outpatient care that the PNA-1. The existence of biological markers of the severity of bacterial infections would further support a tailored approach. The pro-adrenomedullin (pro-ADM), successfully tested to identify severe community acquired pneumonia, is a an interesting candidate.
Detailed Description
In Europe and North America, urinary tract infections (UTI) are the 2nd largest community-acquired infections. In the U.S., the number of annual doctor's consultations for UTI is estimated at 8 million and that of women's APN to 250,000. In Britain, an estimated number of 62 of 1000 women consult for UTI annually. Extrapolated to France, these figures would be 5-6 million annual consultations and 60 to 75 000 APN. APN is an infection associated with urinary and pelvic and / or the renal parenchyma, marked by fever ≥ 38.5 ° C, spontaneous pain flank, pain caused to the cost vertebral angle and a positive urine dipstick (BU). Conversely, pain and fever can be reduced and 30% of PNA is as cystitis, a history of PNA is then so evocative. Without a precise technology to detect possible renal micro-abscesses, scars of any APN, direct evidence of upper tract infection is rarely made. Positive blood cultures (30-50%of cases) are indirect evidence. In most cases, only infection of urine is affirmed by cyto-bacteriological examination (urinalysis), which results are available 48-72 hours after culturing. It is assumed that urine culture is positive when leukocyte's count is ≥ 104 cells per milliliter (GB / ml) and bacteriuria ≥ 105 colony forming unit (CFU) / ml of urine (maximum two) uropathogen germ. Therefore, diagnosis and treatment of PNA are probabilistic in the beginning, hence the interest of the BU. It is considered positive when the leukocyte count is ≥ 10 ± GB/mm3 with ± nitriturie. Done correctly, it has a positive predictive value (PPV) of 74% and NPV of 98%. Classically there are two types of PNA, the complicated PNA and the non-complicated PNA, opposed by age, sex, severity, causative organisms and their sensitivity to antibiotics. Uncomplicated PNA is the best defined. It occurs on a normal urinary tract in nonpregnant women, aged 15 to 65, with no systemic disease or urological surgery. It is not accompanied with by septic shock or renal abscesses. It is due to E. Coli in 90% of cases, sometimes to Klebsiella and Proteus sp, all susceptible to recommended antibiotics. Its overall cure rate, defined as bacterial eradication and disappearance of signs and symptoms, observed in three visits over 6 weeks follow-up, is ≥ 80% treated at home or in hospital. Other PNA, traditionally described as complicated, are not very well defined. It includes the PNA with septic shock, abscess or renal failure, the PNA in old women or in men. It also ranks the PNA occurring in urinary tract malformations, whether or not it has an impact in renal function (bifid pelvis or ureter, renal cyst). In all cases, the evolution is assumed less simple than that of PNA of young women without being unavoidably complicated. But there is no tool to measure the impact of chronic conditions on a PNA which degree of infection is not very severe. A better understanding of the evolutionary potential of these various categories of PNA would adapt the therapeutic management. Different parameters would help this approach including the duration of antibiotic therapy, the place of care (home or hospital) and in this case, the optimal duration of hospitalization. It is recognized that the uncomplicated PNA in young women can be treated immediately at home by a single oral antibiotic for 7 days. For other categories of PNA, there generally recommend hospitalization to evaluate the effect of antibiotic therapy, which should not be less than two weeks. The benefit of this therapeutic approach is unknown. Instead of the traditional terminology "complicated" and "uncomplicated" the investigators propose a new classification into three categories: non-severe or mild PNA, corresponding to the uncomplicated PNA (PNA-1) PNA of moderate severity, including less intense infectious syndrome which occurs on a chronic, stable and controlled disease, PNA with severe sepsis, septic shock or hemodynamic instability and / or immediately complicated by the fact of the presence of altered and / or progressive chronic disease with risk to decompensate (PNA-3). In a prospective observational study in 34 French emergency services, 211 patients meeting PNA criteria were included in two weeks. They were divided into 62.5% of PNA-1, 24.6% of PNA-2 and 12.7% of PNA-3. This classification reflects the initial severity of the infection and the subsequent evolutionary potential, can distinguish a class 2. This differs from the other two by the lack of severity of the infection which it shares with the class 1 and by the existence of factors such as age or male, stable disease or abnormalities structural urological without systemic impact. The evolutionary potential risk associated with these factors, independent of the ITU, has never been measured. The question is whether patients with a PNA-2 should be treated as a benign PNA or PNA with risk of further complications. The Infectious Diseases Society of America offers two treatment possibilities for these patients, and whose effectiveness has never been compared: Treatment at home with oral monotherapy, preferably a fluoroquinolone (FQ) for 7 days, as for a PNA-1, Or starting parenteral antibiotics followed by 12 to 24 hours of observation in short-term hospitalization unit (UHCD) before deciding if: return to home or prolong hospitalization. Our hypothesis is that the prognosis of ANP is mainly related to the severity of initial infection and very secondarily to history or related conditions as they are controllable and little or no decompensated. In fact, the table being mild infection in the NAP-1 and NAP-2, they differ only by demographic factors (age, sex) or a history little influence on evolution. These two categories of PNA should logically receive the same support. To support this hypothesis, the investigators propose a controlled intervention trial in which the PNA-2 will be randomized between two treatment strategies, one of which corresponds to the management of PNA-1, to demonstrate their prognostic similarity. In addition to this a priori classification, clinical data of the study will be used to construct a prognostic score. To this end, the investigators intend to measure the pro-adrenomedullin (pro-ADM) to all patients. Adrenomedullin, a powerful natural vasodilator,has also immunomodulatory and bactericidal properties which explain the increase OF ADM serum levels in severe systemic infections. However, the dosage is difficult because of its short half-life in blood. One of its degradation products, the pro-ADM, reflecting active ADM, is more stable and easily measurable. The dosage of pro-ADM has recently allowed the reliable assessment of individual prognosis of septic patients, particularly in the context of community-acquired pneumonia, the leading cause of death from infection. Although the pro-ADM is mainly used to predict the prognosis and that death is a rare complication of PNA community, the investigators will test its ability to distinguish between hospitalized PNA patients and outpatient. pro-ADM will be tested to improve the performance of the prognostic score.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Pyelonephritis
Keywords
pyelonephritis, Infection, Antibiotic treatment

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Diagnostic
Study Phase
Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
23 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
ambulatory
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
Patient will be treated for 7 days at home, then 3 follow-up visit at hospital.
Arm Title
hospitalisation
Arm Type
Active Comparator
Arm Description
7 days for mono-antibiotherapy at hospital.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
care management arm N°1 vs arm N°2
Intervention Description
7 days for mono-antibiotherapy at hospital
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Care management
Intervention Description
Hospital vs home
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
The overall cure rate.
Description
This is the clinical and bacteriological cure, defined by apyrexia, the disappearance of pain and bacteriuria <103 CFU / ml at the 3 follow-up consultations till 45 ± 3 days after the first day of inclusion (day 0), 6 weeks tracking in total.
Time Frame
50 months
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
1) Evaluation in the two arms of the PNA-2 and PNA-1 classes
Description
Evaluation in the two arms of the PNA-2 and PNA-1 classes: The rate of complications related to the strategy, including aggravation of infection and initial misdiagnosis Changes and duration of antibiotic therapy The rate of secondary hospitalizations The recovery time of the previous activity Rates of pro-ADM
Time Frame
50 months
Title
2) Evaluation in the PNA-3 category
Description
In the PNA-3 category: duration of antibiotic therapy and hospitalization.
Time Frame
50 months
Title
3)For the three categories
Description
For the three categories: evidence of association between clinical symptoms, history, age and sex, the rate of pro-ADM and healing to construct a prognostic score.
Time Frame
50 months

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: man or woman age ≥ 18 years signed a written informed consent Social security coverage have all the necessary signs for a PNA diagnosis whose ranking to PNA-1, PNA or PNA-2-3 is possible Fever ≥ 38.5 ° C Or the possibility of hypothermia in the single case of PNA-3 Of a spontaneous pain of one or both sides Pain caused to the costovertebral angle And presence of leukocyturia GB/mm3 ≥ 10 with or without nitriturie Imaging examination at least abdominopelvic ultrasound (EAP) or CT, excluding any other possible diagnoses Exclusion Criteria: Pregnant or lactating women because they are also mother-child care Patients refusing to provide reliable contact information, especially phone number In general, patients with significant cognitive impairment, no entourage, because adherence to guidelines, treatment and monitoring can be very random The PNA 3 emergency situation such as no time to start antibiotics ("antibiotic Emergency" = 30 to 60 minutes between arrival and administration of antibiotics) or reanimation can not be accepted, especially if a third person was required to sign the consent. The typical example is the patient with septic shock. Inclusion in another study, Any suspected nosocomial PNA, defined as any PNA appeared within 48 hours of discharge from a medical institution. The residential facilities for the frail elderly (retirement homes), and other institutions for the aged, not medicalized, are not affected by this limitation. All uptake within 24 hours of: ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, levofloxacin, or ceftriaxone. Taking antibiotics considered less active in E. coli (amoxicillin ± clavulanate, trimethoprim) or ineffective in the pna (norfloxacin), before arriving at the hospital regardless of its duration, is not an exclusion criteria. The approach should remain similar to those of other patients, and possible exclusion imposed only if the initial bacteriuria is ≤ 103 CFU / ml.
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
David Elkharrat, MD
Organizational Affiliation
Hospital Ambroise Paré Paris
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Hôpital Ambroise Paré
City
Boulogne Billancourt
State/Province
Ile de France
ZIP/Postal Code
92100
Country
France

12. IPD Sharing Statement

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Prospective Study in the Emergency

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