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Randomized Phase II Adjuvant Chemotherapy ± FANG™ in Colorectal Carcinoma With Liver Metastases (FANG-CLM)

Primary Purpose

Colon Cancer

Status
Terminated
Phase
Phase 2
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Vigil™ Vaccine
Placebo
Sponsored by
Gradalis, Inc.
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Colon Cancer focused on measuring colorectal carcinoma, colon cancer, liver metastases

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Histologically confirmed colorectal carcinoma with synchronous or metachronous liver metastases +/- pulmonary metastases.
  2. Part 1 patients: May have multiple number of metastatic lesions as long as they can be rendered no evidence of disease (NED).
  3. Part 2 patients: Maximum total number of metastatic lesions </= 6. (Patients with CLM with EHD other than lung will be evaluated on an individual basis by the sponsor).

    1. For patients with 1 but up to 3 total lesions, distribution must include both liver + pulmonary metastases.
    2. For patients with 4-6 total lesions, distribution may include liver +/- pulmonary metastases.
  4. Candidate for surgical excision +/= ablation with curative intent based on pre-operative assessment incorporating a CT/PET scan.
  5. Has been informed of all alternative ≥ first and/or second-line therapies that are the current standard of care. If no conventional frontline therapy indicated or acceptable by patient, patient may participate after review by sponsor.
  6. Planned resected viable tumor in sufficient quantity ("golf ball size" estimated weight ~ 30 grams) for vaccine processing.
  7. Recovered to ≤ Grade 1 (excluding alopecia) from all clinically relevant toxicities related to prior therapies.
  8. Patients must be off all "statin" drugs for ≥ 2 weeks prior to initiation of therapy.
  9. Age ≥18 years.
  10. ECOG performance status (PS) 0-2.
  11. Estimated >4 month survival probability.
  12. Normal organ and marrow function as defined below:

    Absolute granulocyte count ≥1,500/mm3 Absolute lymphocyte count ≥ 500/mm3 Platelets ≥100,000/mm3 Total bilirubin </=2 mg/dL AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) </=2x institutional upper limit of normal Creatinine <1.5 mg/dL

  13. Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document.
  14. Negative pregnancy test.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Surgery involving general anesthesia, radiotherapy, steroid therapy, or immunotherapy within 4 weeks prior to entering the study. Collection of lumenal tissue must be avoided.
  2. Prior therapeutic chemotherapy (excluding protocol defined sandwich chemotherapy). Prior approved sandwich / adjuvant therapy is permitted maximum of 3 cycles (1 cycle = 2 biweekly courses / 1 month) anterior therapy and at least 6 months between cessation of chemotherapy and the diagnosis of metastatic disease.
  3. Prior surgical resection, ablation or radiation therapy for metastatic disease prior to or at the time of tissue procurement.
  4. Portal, celiac or periaortic metastases.
  5. Patient must not have received any other investigational agents within 30 days prior to study entry/ registration.
  6. Patients with known active or symptomatic brain metastases.
  7. Patients with compromised pulmonary disease.
  8. Short term (<30 days) concurrent systemic steroids ≤ 0.125 mg/kg prednisone per day (maximum 10 mg/day) and bronchodilators (inhaled steroids) are permitted; other steroid regimens and/or immunosuppressives are excluded.
  9. Prior splenectomy.
  10. Prior malignancy (excluding nonmelanoma carcinomas of the skin) unless in remission for ≥ 2 years.
  11. Kaposi's Sarcoma.
  12. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
  13. Patients with known HIV.
  14. Patients with chronic Hepatitis B and C infection.
  15. Patients with uncontrolled autoimmune diseases.

Sites / Locations

  • Mary Crowley Cancer Research Centers

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm 3

Arm Type

Experimental

Placebo Comparator

Experimental

Arm Label

Vigil™

Placebo

Vigil™ Vaccine (6 patient run-in)

Arm Description

Patients will receive 1 x 10^7 cells (Group A) via intradermal injection for a minimum of 4 doses and a maximum of 12 doses (vaccine) starting post-surgery Week 4-8 (C1W1D1) and continuing C1W3D1, C2W3D1, then every 28 days.

Patients will receive placebo (Group B) via intradermal injection for a minimum of 4 doses and a maximum of 12 doses starting post-surgery Week 4-8 (C1W1D1) and continuing C1W3D1, C2W3D1, then every 28 days.

Six patients will be enrolled into the Part 1 of the study to receive intradermal autologous Vigil™ cancer vaccine (1.0 x 10e7 cells/injection; maximum of 12 vaccinations).

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Immune Analysis in Tumor Biopsy and Blood (Part 1)
To evaluate and correlate Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL) in initial excised tumor and Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Spot (ELISPOT) responses to Vigil™ vaccine in blood of patients with CLM.
Percent of Patients Who Progressed After Treatment (Part 2)
Response rate will also be evaluated in this study using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST) (unidimensional measurement) of the tumor lesions are used in the RECIST criteria.The response in patients with measurable disease will be reported using standard outcome measures for clinical trials: complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). Any response to treatment (either PR or CR) requires two confirmatory staging at least 4 weeks apart. Patients will be evaluable for tumor response if measurable disease is present.
Percent of Patients Who Survived After Treatment (Part 2)
To determine and compare the overall survival rate in patients with CLM following resection +/- ablation with curative intent treated with sandwich or adjuvant chemotherapy and Vigil™ vaccine versus sandwich or adjuvant chemotherapy and placebo and compare with historical data.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Full Information

First Posted
January 4, 2012
Last Updated
October 21, 2021
Sponsor
Gradalis, Inc.
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT01505166
Brief Title
Randomized Phase II Adjuvant Chemotherapy ± FANG™ in Colorectal Carcinoma With Liver Metastases
Acronym
FANG-CLM
Official Title
Randomized Phase II Trial of Post-operative Adjuvant Chemotherapy ± FANG™ Autologous Tumor Cell Vaccine in Colorectal Carcinoma With Liver Metastases
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
October 2021
Overall Recruitment Status
Terminated
Why Stopped
Terminated (Business Decision to pursue other indications)
Study Start Date
March 2012 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
August 2016 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
August 2016 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Gradalis, Inc.

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Preliminary studies with a variety of vaccines suggest target accessibility (potential immunogenicity) in a variety of solid tumors to immune directed approaches. In an effort to overcome limitations of immunostimulatory cancer vaccines, Gradalis has designed a novel autologous vaccine to address inability to fully identify cancer associated antigens, antigen recognition by the immune system (i.e. antigen-->immunogen), effector potency, and cancer-induced resistance. In an effort to overcome limitations of immunostimulatory cancer vaccines, we designed a novel dual-modulatory autologous whole cell vaccine, Vigil™, incorporating the rhGMCSF transgene and the bifunctional shRNAfurin (to block proprotein conversion to active TGFb1 and b2) to 1) address the inability to fully identify cancer associated antigens, 2) effect antigen recognition by the immune system, 3) enhance effector potency, and 4) subvert endogenous cancer-induced immune resistance. We have also completed the Phase I assessment of Vigil™ vaccine in 30 advanced solid tumor patients (1.0 x 10^7 cells/injection/month for a maximum of 12 vaccinations) who have not experienced any significant adverse effects following 144 vaccinations, including 6 patients with colorectal carcinoma. Plasmid functionality, immune biomarker response, and preliminary evidence of anticancer activity have been observed. This is a two-part Phase II study of the Vigil™ autologous vaccine. Six patients will be enrolled into the Part 1 of the study to receive intradermal autologous Vigil™ cancer vaccine (1.0 x 10^7 cells/injection; maximum of 12 vaccinations). Part 2 of the study will be a randomized Phase II study of sandwich or adjuvant chemotherapy and intradermal autologous Vigil™ cancer vaccine (1.0 x 10^7 cells/injection; maximum of 12 vaccinations) versus sandwich or adjuvant chemotherapy and placebo in patients with colorectal carcinoma with either synchronous or metachronous liver metastases (CLM +/= pulmonary metastases) following resection +/= ablation with curative intent.Sandwich therapy indicates a combination of both pre-operative and postoperative chemotherapy as opposed to neo-adjuvant (all chemotherapy prior to surgery) or adjuvant (all chemotherapy following surgery) therapy. A minimum harvest aliquot to produce 4 monthly injections will be required for entry into the study. Patients in whom insufficient tissue (<4 doses) is collected or whose vaccine fails manufacturing release criteria will not receive vaccine.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Colon Cancer
Keywords
colorectal carcinoma, colon cancer, liver metastases

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 2
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
Participant
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
3 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Vigil™
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Patients will receive 1 x 10^7 cells (Group A) via intradermal injection for a minimum of 4 doses and a maximum of 12 doses (vaccine) starting post-surgery Week 4-8 (C1W1D1) and continuing C1W3D1, C2W3D1, then every 28 days.
Arm Title
Placebo
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
Patients will receive placebo (Group B) via intradermal injection for a minimum of 4 doses and a maximum of 12 doses starting post-surgery Week 4-8 (C1W1D1) and continuing C1W3D1, C2W3D1, then every 28 days.
Arm Title
Vigil™ Vaccine (6 patient run-in)
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
Six patients will be enrolled into the Part 1 of the study to receive intradermal autologous Vigil™ cancer vaccine (1.0 x 10e7 cells/injection; maximum of 12 vaccinations).
Intervention Type
Biological
Intervention Name(s)
Vigil™ Vaccine
Other Intervention Name(s)
formerly known as FANG™
Intervention Description
Patients will receive 1 x 10^7 cells (Group A) or placebo (Group B) via intradermal injection for a minimum of 5 doses and a maximum of 12 doses starting post-surgery Week 4-8 (C1W1D1) and continuing C1W3D1, C2W3D1, then every 28 days. Starting C1W4D1, all patients will receive modified FOLFOX6 (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 D1, l-leucovorin 200 mg/m2 D1, fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 IV bolus (or short infusion) D1, fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 46 hours continuous infusion every 14 days x 6 cycles (1 cycle = 4 weeks).
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
Placebo
Intervention Description
Patients will receive 1 x 10^7 cells (Group A) or placebo (Group B) via intradermal injection for a minimum of 5 doses and a maximum of 12 doses starting post-surgery Week 4-8 (C1W1D1) and continuing C1W3D1, C2W3D1, then every 28 days. Starting C1W4D1, all patients will receive modified FOLFOX6 (oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 D1, l-leucovorin 200 mg/m2 D1, fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 IV bolus (or short infusion) D1, fluorouracil 2400 mg/m2 46 hours continuous infusion every 14 days x 6 cycles (1 cycle = 4 weeks).
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Immune Analysis in Tumor Biopsy and Blood (Part 1)
Description
To evaluate and correlate Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes (TIL) in initial excised tumor and Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Spot (ELISPOT) responses to Vigil™ vaccine in blood of patients with CLM.
Time Frame
Up to 12 months
Title
Percent of Patients Who Progressed After Treatment (Part 2)
Description
Response rate will also be evaluated in this study using the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST) (unidimensional measurement) of the tumor lesions are used in the RECIST criteria.The response in patients with measurable disease will be reported using standard outcome measures for clinical trials: complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD). Any response to treatment (either PR or CR) requires two confirmatory staging at least 4 weeks apart. Patients will be evaluable for tumor response if measurable disease is present.
Time Frame
24 months
Title
Percent of Patients Who Survived After Treatment (Part 2)
Description
To determine and compare the overall survival rate in patients with CLM following resection +/- ablation with curative intent treated with sandwich or adjuvant chemotherapy and Vigil™ vaccine versus sandwich or adjuvant chemotherapy and placebo and compare with historical data.
Time Frame
24 months
Other Pre-specified Outcome Measures:
Title
Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Spot (ELISPOT) (Part 1)
Description
To determine if subjects will have a positive (defined as >10 ELISPOTS from baseline) immune response to Vigil. Blood was collected to compare ELISPOT results from baseline until 30 days after last dose.
Time Frame
Baseline, End of Treatment (30 days after last dose) up to 12 months
Title
Number of Alive Subjects (Part 1)
Description
For Part 1, this was to determine the overall survival rate in patients with CLM following resection +/= ablation with curative intent treated with adjuvant chemotherapy and Vigil™ by following these patients up to 24 months.
Time Frame
24 Months

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Histologically confirmed colorectal carcinoma with synchronous or metachronous liver metastases +/- pulmonary metastases. Part 1 patients: May have multiple number of metastatic lesions as long as they can be rendered no evidence of disease (NED). Part 2 patients: Maximum total number of metastatic lesions </= 6. (Patients with CLM with EHD other than lung will be evaluated on an individual basis by the sponsor). For patients with 1 but up to 3 total lesions, distribution must include both liver + pulmonary metastases. For patients with 4-6 total lesions, distribution may include liver +/- pulmonary metastases. Candidate for surgical excision +/= ablation with curative intent based on pre-operative assessment incorporating a CT/PET scan. Has been informed of all alternative ≥ first and/or second-line therapies that are the current standard of care. If no conventional frontline therapy indicated or acceptable by patient, patient may participate after review by sponsor. Planned resected viable tumor in sufficient quantity ("golf ball size" estimated weight ~ 30 grams) for vaccine processing. Recovered to ≤ Grade 1 (excluding alopecia) from all clinically relevant toxicities related to prior therapies. Patients must be off all "statin" drugs for ≥ 2 weeks prior to initiation of therapy. Age ≥18 years. ECOG performance status (PS) 0-2. Estimated >4 month survival probability. Normal organ and marrow function as defined below: Absolute granulocyte count ≥1,500/mm3 Absolute lymphocyte count ≥ 500/mm3 Platelets ≥100,000/mm3 Total bilirubin </=2 mg/dL AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) </=2x institutional upper limit of normal Creatinine <1.5 mg/dL Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document. Negative pregnancy test. Exclusion Criteria: Surgery involving general anesthesia, radiotherapy, steroid therapy, or immunotherapy within 4 weeks prior to entering the study. Collection of lumenal tissue must be avoided. Prior therapeutic chemotherapy (excluding protocol defined sandwich chemotherapy). Prior approved sandwich / adjuvant therapy is permitted maximum of 3 cycles (1 cycle = 2 biweekly courses / 1 month) anterior therapy and at least 6 months between cessation of chemotherapy and the diagnosis of metastatic disease. Prior surgical resection, ablation or radiation therapy for metastatic disease prior to or at the time of tissue procurement. Portal, celiac or periaortic metastases. Patient must not have received any other investigational agents within 30 days prior to study entry/ registration. Patients with known active or symptomatic brain metastases. Patients with compromised pulmonary disease. Short term (<30 days) concurrent systemic steroids ≤ 0.125 mg/kg prednisone per day (maximum 10 mg/day) and bronchodilators (inhaled steroids) are permitted; other steroid regimens and/or immunosuppressives are excluded. Prior splenectomy. Prior malignancy (excluding nonmelanoma carcinomas of the skin) unless in remission for ≥ 2 years. Kaposi's Sarcoma. Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements. Patients with known HIV. Patients with chronic Hepatitis B and C infection. Patients with uncontrolled autoimmune diseases.
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Minal Barve, MD
Organizational Affiliation
Mary Crowley Cancer Research Centers
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Mary Crowley Cancer Research Centers
City
Dallas
State/Province
Texas
ZIP/Postal Code
75230
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Citations:
PubMed Identifier
25917459
Citation
Ghisoli M, Barve M, Schneider R, Mennel R, Lenarsky C, Wallraven G, Pappen BO, LaNoue J, Kumar P, Nemunaitis D, Roth A, Nemunaitis J, Whiting S, Senzer N, Fletcher FA, Nemunaitis J. Pilot Trial of FANG Immunotherapy in Ewing's Sarcoma. Mol Ther. 2015 Jun;23(6):1103-1109. doi: 10.1038/mt.2015.43. Epub 2015 Mar 19.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
22186789
Citation
Senzer N, Barve M, Kuhn J, Melnyk A, Beitsch P, Lazar M, Lifshitz S, Magee M, Oh J, Mill SW, Bedell C, Higgs C, Kumar P, Yu Y, Norvell F, Phalon C, Taquet N, Rao DD, Wang Z, Jay CM, Pappen BO, Wallraven G, Brunicardi FC, Shanahan DM, Maples PB, Nemunaitis J. Phase I trial of "bi-shRNAi(furin)/GMCSF DNA/autologous tumor cell" vaccine (FANG) in advanced cancer. Mol Ther. 2012 Mar;20(3):679-86. doi: 10.1038/mt.2011.269. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
24968881
Citation
Nemunaitis J, Barve M, Orr D, Kuhn J, Magee M, Lamont J, Bedell C, Wallraven G, Pappen BO, Roth A, Horvath S, Nemunaitis D, Kumar P, Maples PB, Senzer N. Summary of bi-shRNA/GM-CSF augmented autologous tumor cell immunotherapy (FANG) in advanced cancer of the liver. Oncology. 2014;87(1):21-9. doi: 10.1159/000360993. Epub 2014 Jun 25.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
27109631
Citation
Ghisoli M, Barve M, Mennel R, Lenarsky C, Horvath S, Wallraven G, Pappen BO, Whiting S, Rao D, Senzer N, Nemunaitis J. Three-year Follow up of GMCSF/bi-shRNA(furin) DNA-transfected Autologous Tumor Immunotherapy (Vigil) in Metastatic Advanced Ewing's Sarcoma. Mol Ther. 2016 Aug;24(8):1478-83. doi: 10.1038/mt.2016.86. Epub 2016 Apr 25.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
28338569
Citation
Ghisoli M, Rutledge M, Stephens PJ, Mennel R, Barve M, Manley M, Oliai BR, Murphy KM, Manning L, Gutierrez B, Rangadass P, Walker A, Wang Z, Rao D, Adams N, Wallraven G, Senzer N, Nemunaitis J. Case Report: Immune-mediated Complete Response in a Patient With Recurrent Advanced Ewing Sarcoma (EWS) After Vigil Immunotherapy. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2017 May;39(4):e183-e186. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000000822.
Results Reference
background
PubMed Identifier
27678295
Citation
Oh J, Barve M, Matthews CM, Koon EC, Heffernan TP, Fine B, Grosen E, Bergman MK, Fleming EL, DeMars LR, West L, Spitz DL, Goodman H, Hancock KC, Wallraven G, Kumar P, Bognar E, Manning L, Pappen BO, Adams N, Senzer N, Nemunaitis J. Phase II study of Vigil(R) DNA engineered immunotherapy as maintenance in advanced stage ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 2016 Dec;143(3):504-510. doi: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.09.018. Epub 2016 Sep 24.
Results Reference
background
Citation
Long-term followup of bi-shRNAfurin and GMCSF augmented autologous tumor cell immunotherapy treated colorectal cancer patients in phase I and IIa studies. Minal A. Barve, Anton M. Melnyk, Luisa Manning, Gladice Wallraven, Martin Birkhofer, and John J. Nemunaitis Journal of Clinical Oncology 2017 35:15_suppl, e15100-e15100
Results Reference
result
PubMed Identifier
34696309
Citation
Barve V, Adams N, Stanbery L, Manning L, Horvath S, Wallraven G, Bognar E, Barve M, Nemunaitis J. Case Report: Marked Survival Advantage of Two Colorectal Cancer Patients with Liver Metastases Treated with Vigil and FOLFOX-6. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Oct 18;9(10):1201. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9101201.
Results Reference
result

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Randomized Phase II Adjuvant Chemotherapy ± FANG™ in Colorectal Carcinoma With Liver Metastases

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