Rescue Pharmacotherapy for OSA (RescOSA)
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Individuals who have failed MAD or HGNS therapy, defined as a residual AHI ≥ 15 events/hr on MAD or HGNS therapy.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Sleep disordered breathing or respiratory disorders other than obstructive sleep apnea:
central sleep apnea (>50% of respiratory events scored as central), chronic hypoventilation/hypoxemia (awake SaO2 < 92% by oximetry) due to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or other respiratory conditions.
- Other sleep disorders: periodic limb movements (periodic limb movement index > 20/hr), narcolepsy, or parasomnias.
- Any unstable major medical condition.
- Medications expected to stimulate or depress respiration (including opioids, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, doxapram, almitrine, theophylline, 4-hydroxybutanoic acid).
- Use of SSRIs/SNRIs.
- Contraindications for atomoxetine, including:
- pheochromocytoma
- use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- benign prostatic hypertrophy, urinary retention
- untreated narrow angle glaucoma
- bipolar disorder, mania, psychosis
- clinically significant constipation, gastric retention
- pre-existing seizure disorders
- clinically-significant kidney disorders
- clinically-significant liver disorders
- clinically-significant cardiovascular conditions
- severe hypertension (SBP>180 mmHg or DBP>110 mmHg measured at baseline)
- cardiomyopathy (LVEF<50%) or heart failure
- advanced atherosclerosi
- history of cerebrovascular events
- history of cardiac arrhythmias e.g., atrial fibrillation, QT prolongation
- other serious cardiac conditions that would raise the consequences of an increase in blood pressure or heart rate
- myasthenia gravis
- pregnancy/breast-feeding
- Contraindications for eszopiclone, including:
- Hypersensitivity to eszopiclone
- Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
- Pregnancy
- Breast feeding
- Liver disease
- Contraindications for acetazolamide, including:
- Hyperchloremic acidosis
- Hypokalemia
- Hyponatremia
- Adrenal insufficiency
- Impaired kidney function
- Hypersensitivity to acetazolamide or other sulfonamides.
- Marked liver disease or impairment of liver function, including cirrhosis.
- Contraindications for trazodone, including:
- suicidal ideation
- bipolar disorder, mania
- use of monoamine oxidase inhibitors
- coronary artery disease
- cardiac arrhythmias
- QT prolongation
- hepatic disease
- renal failure or impairment
- closed angle glaucoma
- priapism
- pregnancy/breast-feeding
Sites / Locations
- Sleep Disorders Research Program Brigham and Women's Hospital
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Placebo Comparator
Active Comparator
Placebo
Interventional arm
This is a two arm study. Patients will receive only one of the following drugs based on their altered sleep apnea trait. Patients with decreased arousal threshold will undergo treatment with placebo or Trazodone 100 mg in random order (one pill before 30 minutes before bedtime), patients with decreased pharyngeal muscle responsiveness will undergo treatment with placebo or Atomoxetine 80 mg + Eszopiclone 3 mg in random order (one pill before 30 minutes before bedtime), patients with increased loop gain will undergo treatment with placebo or Acetazolamide 500 mg in random order (one pill before 30 minutes before bedtime).
This is a two arm study. Patients will receive only one of the following drugs based on their altered sleep apnea trait. Patients with decreased arousal threshold will undergo treatment with placebo or Trazodone 100 mg in random order (one pill before 30 minutes before bedtime), patients with decreased pharyngeal muscle responsiveness will undergo treatment with placebo or Atomoxetine 80 mg + Eszopiclone 3 mg in random order (one pill before 30 minutes before bedtime), patients with increased loop gain will undergo treatment with placebo or Acetazolamide 500 mg in random order (one pill before 30 minutes before bedtime).