Reward Processing in Cocaine Addiction
Drug Abuse, Cocaine Dependence
About this trial
This is an observational trial for Drug Abuse focused on measuring Drug Abuse, Cocaine, Cocaine Dependence, Functional MRI, Pharmalogical MRI, Conditioning
Eligibility Criteria
- INCLUSION CRITERIA:
ALL PARTICIPANTS
Participants in both groups must be:
- Generally healthy.
- Right handed.
- Males or non-pregnant/non-lactating females.
- Between the ages of 18-45, for cocaine dependent participants; 18-50 for control participants.
Cocaine-dependent participants must also:
- Meet DSM-IV criteria for dependence at the time of participation.
- Be positive for cocaine use in their urine toxicology screen either at their screening visit or on another occasion prior to their entry to the study (please note that this could be as late as the day of study entry).
- Use either injection or smoking as their primary route of cocaine administration.
EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
ALL PARTICIPANTS
Participants in both groups will be excluded from participation in this study if they:
- Are unable to undergo MRI scanning due to pregnancy, implanted metallic devices (e.g. cardiac pacemaker or neurostimulator; some artificial joints metal pins; surgical clips; or other implanted metal parts), or claustrophobia.
- Suffer from any major medical illness that may effect central nervous function including (but not limited to): hypertension; clinically significant arrhythmia; cardiovascular disease; asthma; diabetes; peripheral vascular diseases; coagulopathies; history of superficial or deep vein thrombosis; HIV; or syphilis.
- Have any neurological illnesses including (but not limited to): seizure disorders; migraine; multiple sclerosis; movement disorders; or history of head trauma, CVA, or CNS tumor.
- Have a history of syncope
- Have an estimated IQ of < 85
- Are lactating or pregnant
- Are currently taking any psychoactive or vasoactive medication(s).
- Meet DSM-IV criteria for dependence on alcohol or marijuana. Recreational use of alcohol and/or marijuana will be tolerated in all participants as will nicotine dependence.
COCAINE-DEPENDENT PARTICIPANTS
Cocaine-dependent individuals will also be excluded from participation if:
They have any current or previous history of any major psychiatric disorder other than cocaine dependence, including but not limited to mood, anxiety and psychotic disorders.
They have current dependence on any substance of abuse, other than cocaine or nicotine. However, current or past co-morbid abuse of alcohol, marijuana and past dependence on other substances of abuse will be tolerated in this group.
They have a history of adverse reaction to cocaine, such as cardiac arrhythmia or chest pain.
CONTROL PARTICIPANTS
Control participants will be excluded if they:
- Are currently, or have previously been, dependent on alcohol or any other drug (with the exception of nicotine).
- Meet the DSM-IV criteria for substance abuse of any substance.
- Have any current, or previous, diagnosis of any major psychiatric disorder, i.e. to include (but not limited to) mood, anxiety, and psychiatric disorders, or any substance-induced psychiatric disorders.
- Have any family history of psychosis (based on self-report).
- Have previously been diagnosed with a DSM-IV Axis II disorder.
Sites / Locations
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, Biomedical Research Center (BRC)