Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) Moderate to Low Disease Activity Study (CERTAIN)

A Phase IIIB, Multi-center, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel Group, 52-week Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of Certolizumab Pegol, Administered With DMARDs, in Patients With Low to Moderate Disease Activity Rheumatoid Arthritis

To assess the clinical efficacy and safety of certolizumab pegol as add-on therapy with stable-dose disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) for achieving clinical remission in patients with moderate to low disease activity rheumatoid arthritis

Treatment period starts with a 24-week, double blind, placebo-controlled, randomized period followed by an open label phase until week 52. In the double blind phase eligible patients will be randomized via an Interactive Voice Response System (IVRS) in a 1:1 ratio to receive either certolizumab pegol (400 mg at Weeks 0, 2 and 4, followed by 200 mg every two weeks) or placebo up to and including Week 22. All patients will continue to receive their Disease Modifying AntiRheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) therapy established before study entry until Week 52. At Week 24, patients will not receive any injection but will be evaluated: Non-remitters at Week 24 (patients who did not achieve remission at both Week 20 and Week 24) will be discontinued from the study and may be given the opportunity to enter in an open-label follow-up trial, C87080 [NCT00843778], with certolizumab pegol. Remitters (i.e. patients who achieved remission as measured by Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) at both Week 20 and Week 24) will stop their randomized treatment (certolizumab pegol or placebo) and be followed up until Week 52. Remitters who flare up (CDAI ≥11 confirmed at two consecutive visits four weeks apart) between Week 24 and Week 52 will be re-treated with the same dosing regimen of certolizumab pegol (3 administrations of 400mg, given every 2 weeks, followed by 200 mg given every other week) up to and including Week 50. Remitters who flare up between Week 24 and Week 52 and complete 52-week study period will be allowed to enter open label follow up trial at Week 52.

Two 200 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, Week 2, and Week 4 followed by 200 mg injections every 2 weeks until the last drug administration (Week 22)

Two 0.9% saline subcutaneous injections at Week 0, Week 2, and Week 4 followed by 0.9% saline injections every 2 weeks until the last drug administration (Week 22)

Two 200 mg subcutaneous injections at Week 0, Week 2, and Week 4 followed by 200 mg injections every 2 weeks until the last drug administration (Week 22)

Two 0.9% saline subcutaneous injections at Week 0, Week 2, and Week 4 followed by 0.9% saline injections every 2 weeks until the last drug administration (Week 22)

CDAI is calculated as the sum of tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PtGADA-VAS in cm), and Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PhGADA-VAS in cm). 28 joints are examined where a lower score indicates less disease activity. Missing values were imputed using Non-Responder Imputation (NRI)

DAS28-ESR is calculated using the tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC) erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR in mm/hour), and the Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PtGADA-VAS in mm) using the following formula: 0.56 x √(TJC) + 0.28 x √(SJC) + 0.70 x lognat (ESR) + 0.014 x Patient Global Assessment of Arthritis where 28 joints are examined and a lower score indicates less disease activity. Missing values were imputed using Non-Responder Imputation (NRI)

SDAI is calculated as the sum of tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), C-reactive protein (CRP in mg/dL), Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PtGADA-VAS in cm), and Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PhGADA-VAS in cm). 28 joints are examined where a lower score indicates less disease activity. Missing values were imputed using Non-Responder Imputation (NRI)

Time From Stopping Treatment (Week 24) to Loss of Remission (up to Week 52) Assessed Using Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) Scores at 2 Consecutive Visits

CDAI is calculated as the sum of tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PtGADA-VAS in cm), and Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PhGADA-VAS in cm). 28 joints are examined where a lower score indicates less disease activity. Patients losing remission (CDAI >2.8) for two consecutive visits will be considered as having the event on the day of the visit where remission was first lost. Subjects discontinued/non-remitted by Week 24 are considered as having the event on day 1.

Time From Stopping Treatment (Week 24) to Loss of Remission (up to Week 52) Assessed Using Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) Scores at 2 Consecutive Visits

SDAI is calculated as the sum of tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), C-reactive protein (mg/dL), Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PtGADA-VAS in cm) and Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity (PhGADA-VAS in cm). 28 joints are examined. A lower score indicates less disease activity. Patients losing remission (SDAI >3.3) for two consecutive visits will be considered as having the event on the day of the visit where remission was first lost. Subjects discontinued/non-remitted by Week 24 are considered as having the event on day 1.

Time From Stopping Treatment (Week 24) to Loss of Remission (up to Week 52) Assessed Using DAS28-ESR Scores at 2 Consecutive Visits

DAS28-ESR is calculated using tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR mm/hour) and Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PtGADA-VAS mm). 0.56x√(TJC) + 0.28x√(SJC) + 0.70xlognat(ESR) + 0.014xPtGADA-VAS. 28 joints are examined. Lower score indicates less disease activity. Patients losing remission (DAS28-ESR≥2.6) for two consecutive visits will be considered as having the event on the first of the two visits. Subjects discontinued/non-remitted by Week 24 are considered as having the event on day 1.

ACR20 responders are subjects with at least 20% improvement from Baseline for tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), and at least 3 of the 5 remaining core set measures: 1) Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), 2) C-reactive Protein (CRP), 3) Patient's Assessment of Arthritis Pain-Visual Analog Scale, 4) Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity-Visual Analog Scale, 5) Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity-Visual Analog Scale. Missing values were imputed using Non-Responder Imputation (NRI)

ACR50 responders are subjects with at least 50% improvement from Baseline for tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), and at least 3 of the 5 remaining core set measures: 1) Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), 2) C-reactive Protein (CRP), 3) Patient's Assessment of Arthritis Pain-Visual Analog Scale, 4) Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity-Visual Analog Scale, 5) Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity-Visual Analog Scale. Missing values were imputed using Non-Responder Imputation (NRI)

ACR70 responders are subjects with at least 70% improvement from Baseline for tender joint count (TJC), swollen joint count (SJC), and at least 3 of the 5 remaining core set measures: 1) Health Assessment Questionnaire-Disability Index (HAQ-DI), 2) C-reactive Protein (CRP), 3) Patient's Assessment of Arthritis Pain-Visual Analog Scale, 4) Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity-Visual Analog Scale, 5) Physician's Global Assessment of Disease Activity-Visual Analog Scale. Missing values were imputed using Non-Responder Imputation (NRI)

HAQ-DI is derived based on the mean of individual scores in 8 categories of daily living actives (using 20 questions). Each question is scored 0-3 (0 = without any difficulty, 1 = with some difficulty, 2 = with much difficulty, and 3 = unable to do). Change from Baseline is computed as the value at Week 24 minus the Baseline value. A negative value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement. This analysis was carried out using the Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) method.

Change From Baseline in Short Form 36-items Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Component Summary (PCS) Scores at Week 24

PCS norm-based scores are calculated based upon the following 8 domain scores, Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, and range from 1 to 81, where 50 represents the normative value. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement.

Change From Baseline in Short Form 36-items Health Survey (SF-36) Mental Component Summary (MCS) Scores at Week 24

MCS norm-based scores are calculated based upon the following 8 domain scores, Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, and range from -9 to 82, where 50 represents the normative value. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

Change From Baseline in Short Form 36-items Health Survey (SF-36) Physical Functioning Domain at Week 24

There are 8 SF-36 domain scores: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, each ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

There are 8 SF-36 domain scores: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, each ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

There are 8 SF-36 domain scores: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, each ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

There are 8 SF-36 domain scores: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, each ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

There are 8 SF-36 domain scores: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, each ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

Change From Baseline in Short Form 36-items Health Survey (SF-36) Social Functioning Domain at Week 24

There are 8 SF-36 domain scores: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, each ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

There are 8 SF-36 domain scores: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, each ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

There are 8 SF-36 domain scores: Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, General Health, Vitality, Social Functioning, Role Emotional and Mental Health, each ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better health. A larger positive value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement

Change from Baseline in Patient's Assessment of Arthritis Pain-VAS (0 to 100 mm visual analog scale, 0 being no pain and 100 being most severe pain) is computed as the value at Week 24 minus the Baseline value. A negative value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement. This analysis was carried out using the Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) method.

Change From Baseline in Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity - Visual Analog Scale (PtGADA-VAS) at Week 24

Change from Baseline in Patient's Global Assessment of Disease Activity-VAS (0 to 100 mm visual analog scale, 0 being no symptoms and 100 being severe symptoms) is computed as the value at Week 24 minus the Baseline value. A negative value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement. This analysis was carried out using the Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) method.

Change from Baseline in Fatigue Assessment scale (0 to 10, 0 is "No Fatigue" and 10 is "Fatigue as bad as you can imagine") is computed as the value at Week 24 minus the Baseline value. A negative value in change from Baseline indicates an improvement. This analysis was carried out using the Last Observation Carried Forward (LOCF) method.

Time From Stopping Treatment (Week 24) to First Flare (up to Week 52) Using Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) at 2 Consecutive Visits

Subjects having a flare (CDAI ≥11) between Week 24 and Week 52 for two consecutive visits will be considered as having the event on the day of the visit where flare first appeared.

Association Between Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) Activity States at Week 24

The number representing the association is the Kappa Correlation Coefficient for CDAI/SDAI for each category of activity (Low Disease Activity (LDA) vs. non-LDA, Medium Disease Activity (MDA) vs. non-MDA, and High Disease Activity (HDA) vs. non-HDA).

Association Between Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Disease Activity Score (DAS28-ESR) Activity States at Week 24

The number representing the association is the Kappa Correlation Coefficient for CDAI/DAS28-ESR for each category of activity (Low Disease Activity (LDA) vs. non-LDA, Medium Disease Activity (MDA) vs. non-MDA, and High Disease Activity (HDA) vs. non-HDA).

Association Between Disease Activity Score (DAS28-ESR) and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) Activity States at Week 24

The number representing the association is the Kappa Correlation Coefficient for DAS28-ESR/SDAI for each category of activity (Low Disease Activity (LDA) vs. non-LDA, Medium Disease Activity (MDA) vs. non-MDA, and High Disease Activity (HDA) vs. non-HDA).

Association Between Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) Remission at Week 24

The number representing the association is the Kappa Correlation Coefficient for CDAI/SDAI remission.

Association Between Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) and Disease Activity Score (DAS28-ESR) Remission at Week 24

The number representing the association is the Kappa Correlation Coefficient for CDAI/DAS28-ESR remission

Association Between Disease Activity Score (DAS28-ESR) and Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) Remission at Week 24

The number representing the association is the Kappa Correlation Coefficient for DAS28-ESR/SDAI remission.

Inclusion Criteria: Patients with established diagnosis of low to moderate adult rheumatoid arthritis, currently on Disease Modifying AntiRheumatic Drugs (DMARDs) therapy for at least six months and not longer than 10 years Exclusion Criteria: All the concomitant diseases or pathological conditions that could interfere and impact the assessment of the study treatment, or with the safety of the patient Previous clinical trials and previous biological therapy that could interfere with the results in the present clinical trial Patients must not have received any previous biological therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

Smolen JS, Emery P, Ferraccioli GF, Samborski W, Berenbaum F, Davies OR, Koetse W, Purcaru O, Bennett B, Burkhardt H. Certolizumab pegol in rheumatoid arthritis patients with low to moderate activity: the CERTAIN double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2015 May;74(5):843-50. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-204632. Epub 2014 Jan 15.