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Sodium Thiosulfate Treatment of Vascular Calcification in ESRD

Primary Purpose

Complication of Hemodialysis, Cardiovascular Diseases

Status
Completed
Phase
Not Applicable
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
sodium thiosulfate
Sponsored by
Washington University School of Medicine
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Complication of Hemodialysis focused on measuring Coronary, Calcification, Dialysis, Thiosulfate, Cardiovascular

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - undefined (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Hemodialysis patient with thrice weekly treatments
  • Coronary artery calcium score greater than 50
  • Age greater than 18
  • Compliant with hemodialysis treatments
  • Informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Allergy to sodium thiosulfate
  • Pregnancy
  • Incarceration
  • Enrollment in another study
  • Life expectancy less than 5 months
  • Expectation of recovery of renal function
  • Urine output of greater than 200 ml/day or contrast allergy will not receive intravenous contrast

Sites / Locations

  • Washington University

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm Type

Experimental

Arm Label

Active Treatment

Arm Description

This is the only arm and involves active treatment with sodium thiosulfate in those subjects with high coronary artery calcium scores.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Change in Annualized Coronary Calcium Volume Score After Treatment With Sodium Thiosulfate.
We will compare the annualized coronary calcium volume score obtained at the baseline CT of the coronary arteries with another CT obtained of the same coronary arteries following 5 months of sodium thiosulfate treatment.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Full Information

First Posted
December 5, 2007
Last Updated
November 8, 2012
Sponsor
Washington University School of Medicine
Collaborators
Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Genzyme, a Sanofi Company
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT00568399
Brief Title
Sodium Thiosulfate Treatment of Vascular Calcification in ESRD
Official Title
The Effect of Sodium Thiosulfate Treatment on Vascular Calcification in End Stage Renal Failure Patients
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
November 2012
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
December 2007 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
November 2009 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
November 2009 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
Washington University School of Medicine
Collaborators
Barnes-Jewish Hospital, Genzyme, a Sanofi Company

4. Oversight

Data Monitoring Committee
Yes

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Cardiovascular disease is the major cause of death in the hemodialysis population and calcification of the major arteries (coronary, aorta, and carotid) are a play a central role in this process. The major causes of the calcification are many, including high levels of phosphorus, low levels of inhibitors of calcification, positive calcium balance, and oxidative stress. Once vascular calcification is present, it is usually progressive. There is no known treatment to reverse established vascular calcification. Sodium thiosulfate has been used extensively and safely to treat calcific uremic arteriopathy (a disease, in part due to calcification of small arteries) in dialysis patients. It increases the solubility of calcium by up to 100,000 fold and is also a potent anti-oxidant. It therefore has to potential to also decrease the amount of calcium in large arteries in dialysis patients and, hence improve survival. We will study hemodialysis (HD) patients at high risk for cardiovascular disease and death by obtaining a multidetector computerized tomography (MDCT) Scan of the coronary arteries, carotid arteries and aorta and an assessment of coronary artery stenoses by a simultaneous intravenous infusion of contrast. At the same setting, we will perform tests of pulse wave velocity (PWV) and carotid ultrasound carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT)studies. In those patients at high risk for cardiovascular death, defined as a coronary artery calcification score (CACS)of greater than 50, sodium thiosulfate at a dose of 12.5-25 gm/1.73 M2 will be infused over 15-30 minutes after each dialysis treatment for 5 months. The above studies will then be repeated.
Detailed Description
Hypothesis 1: The treatment of HD patients with high CAC scores with sodium thiosulfate for 5 months will decrease the amount of calcium in their coronary arteries. Patients who are at high risk for having coronary calcification (history of MI, ischemic heart disease, peripheral or carotid artery disease) will be selected to undergo testing. We will recruit 60 HD patients receiving treatment in our units to undergo MDCT scanning along with non-invasive testing of PWV and CIMT. Assuming that 60% will have a CAC score of ≥50, 36 patients will be treated with sodium thiosulfate. We will administer 25% sodium thiosulfate solution (American Reagent Laboratories, Shirley, NY) at a dose of 12.5-25g/1.73m2 per over 15-30 minutes after each hemodialysis session for a total of 60 treatments (5 months). Assuming a 35% attrition rate, 23 patients will complete the entire protocol and undergo a repeat study of the initial battery of tests. Rationale for treatment with sodium thiosulfate: Sodium thiosulfate, used as an antidote for cyanide poisoning for more than a century, is also an anti-oxidant, and binds with calcium to form a highly soluble calcium thiosulfate salt. The solubility of calcium thiosulfate salt is 250-100,000 fold higher than calcium oxalate or calcium phosphate salt. It has been used to treat recurrent calcium kidney stones and tumoral calcinosis (ectopic calcification usually around joints). It has also been used successfully in treating calcific uremic arteriopathy, a disease of small artery and soft tissue calcification, in several studies of dialysis patients and in our own experience of 5 patients. By 2 months there is radiological evidence of reduction in soft tissue calcification. Unpublished data also have demonstrated regression of established aortic calcification in uremic rats. Sodium thiosulfate is a FDA approved medication for the treatment of cyanide poisoning. It is classified by the FDA as "generally recognized as safe". There are no known contraindications. The only side effects reported during intravenous (IV) administration in ESRD patients are nausea, vomiting and hyperosmia during the administration, which can be alleviated by pre-administration of anti-emetic medications. Sodium thiosulfate is slowly given through the dialysis venous line toward the end of HD treatments. The selected dose for this pilot study is the same as that used for the treatment of calcific uremic arteriopathy. We will freeze 10 ml of serum obtained prior to and then monthly during treatment for subsequent analyses. Included in the analysis will be Fetuin-A levels but other relevant markers will be considered. Blood will also be frozen for future genomic studies.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Complication of Hemodialysis, Cardiovascular Diseases
Keywords
Coronary, Calcification, Dialysis, Thiosulfate, Cardiovascular

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Not Applicable
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
48 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Active Treatment
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
This is the only arm and involves active treatment with sodium thiosulfate in those subjects with high coronary artery calcium scores.
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
sodium thiosulfate
Intervention Description
sodium thiosulfate 12.5-25 gm/M2 after each thrice weekly hemodialysis treatments for 5 months.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Change in Annualized Coronary Calcium Volume Score After Treatment With Sodium Thiosulfate.
Description
We will compare the annualized coronary calcium volume score obtained at the baseline CT of the coronary arteries with another CT obtained of the same coronary arteries following 5 months of sodium thiosulfate treatment.
Time Frame
5 months

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Hemodialysis patient with thrice weekly treatments Coronary artery calcium score greater than 50 Age greater than 18 Compliant with hemodialysis treatments Informed consent Exclusion Criteria: Allergy to sodium thiosulfate Pregnancy Incarceration Enrollment in another study Life expectancy less than 5 months Expectation of recovery of renal function Urine output of greater than 200 ml/day or contrast allergy will not receive intravenous contrast
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
James A Delmez, MD
Organizational Affiliation
Washington University School of Medicine
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Washington University
City
Saint Louis
State/Province
Missouri
ZIP/Postal Code
63110
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Links:
URL
http://ndt.oxfordjournals.org/content/25/6.toc
Description
Sodium thiosulfate delays the progression of coronary artery calcification in haemodialysis patients -Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. (2010) 25(6): 1923-1929 first published online January 18, 2010 doi:10.1093/ndt/gfp755

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Sodium Thiosulfate Treatment of Vascular Calcification in ESRD

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