Sweet Taste Receptors and the Secretion of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY

The Functional Significance of Gut-expressed Taste Receptors in the Secretion of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 and Peptide YY

The purpose of this study is to determine the functional significance of sweet taste receptors in the secretion of GI satiety peptides by using a specific sweet taste receptor antagonist to block sweet taste perception in the gut.

There is strong evidence that taste signaling mechanisms identified in the oral epithelium also operate in the gut. It is suggested that open-type enteroendocrine cells directly sense nutrient via alpha-gustducin coupled taste receptors to modulate the secretion of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and peptide YY (PYY). Several nutrient responsive G-protein coupled receptors have been identified in the human gut, including the sweet taste responsive T1R2/T1R3 heterodimer, the amino acid/umami responsive T1R1/T1R3 as well as GPR120 for unsaturated long-chain free fatty acids.The functional significance of sweet taste receptors in glucose stimulated secretion of GLP-1 and PYY will be determined by intragastric infusion of 75 g glucose with different concentrations of lactisole (150 ppm, 300 ppm and 450 ppm)in a double blind, 4-way crossover trial including 16 healthy subjects.

lactisole (flavoring agent/sweet taste antagonist) dissolved with 75 g glucose in 300 mL tap water; administered via intragastric tube

Inclusion Criteria: Healthy subjects BMI of 19.0-24.5 Age 18-40 stable body weight for at least 3 month Exclusion Criteria: smoking substance abuse regular intake of medication medical or psychiatric illness gastrointestinal disorders or food allergies