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Temozolomide and O6-Benzylguanine in Treating Children With Recurrent Brain Tumors

Primary Purpose

Childhood Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumor, Childhood Choroid Plexus Tumor, Childhood Craniopharyngioma

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 1
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
O6-benzylguanine
temozolomide
filgrastim
pharmacological study
laboratory biomarker analysis
Sponsored by
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional treatment trial for Childhood Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumor

Eligibility Criteria

undefined - 21 Years (Child, Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria: Recurrent or refractory pediatric brain tumors; a histopathologic diagnosis from either the initial presentation or at the time of recurrence is required for all but brain stem gliomas Karnofsky or Lansky ≥ 60% Life expectancy > 8 weeks Patients with neurological deficits should have deficits that are stable for a minimum of 1 week prior to study entry Chemotherapy: No more than 2 previous chemotherapy/biologic therapy regimens; evidence of recovery from prior chemotherapy/biologic therapy; no myelosuppressive chemotherapy within 3 weeks (6 weeks if a nitrosourea agent) of study entry; patients who have received temozolomide are eligible if they have not received the drug in the past 3 months and did not experience any non-hematopoietic Grade 3/4 toxicity with prior temozolomide therapy XRT: ≥ 3 months prior to study entry for craniospinal irradiation (≥ 18 Gy); ≥ 4 weeks for local radiation to primary tumor; and ≥ 2 weeks prior to study entry for focal irradiation to symptomatic metastatic sites Bone Marrow Transplant: ≥ 6 months prior to study entry Anti-convulsants: Patients will be eligible for this study even if they are receiving anti-convulsants Growth factors: Off all colony forming growth factor(s) > 2 weeks prior to study entry (G-CSF, GM-CSF, Erythropoietin) Dexamethasone: Patients who are receiving dexamethasone must be on a stable dose for at least 1 week prior to study entry ANC > 1,000/μl Platelets > 100,000/μl Hemoglobin > 8g/dl Patients may have bone marrow involvement by disease; platelet and Hgb counts must be transfusion independent Creatinine ≤ 1.5 times institutional normal for age Or GFR > 70 ml/min/1.73m^2 Bilirubin ≤ upper limit of normal for age SGPT (ALT) < and SGOT (AST) < 2.5X institutional normal No overt renal, hepatic, cardiac or pulmonary disease Female patients of childbearing potential must have negative serum or urine pregnancy test; patient must not be pregnant or breast-feeding; while no known teratogenic effects are known for O6-BG so far, there is little data to address this specifically; as such, the prudent approach is to exclude pregnant and breastfeeding patients until further data is available Patients of childbearing or child-fathering potential must be willing to use a medically acceptable form of birth control, which includes abstinence, while being treated on this study Signed informed consent according to institutional guidelines must be obtained and patients must begin therapy within seven (7) days of registration Exclusion Criteria: Patients must not be receiving any other anticancer or experimental drug therapy Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to dacarbazine, temozolomide or polyethylene glycol are excluded

Sites / Locations

  • Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm Type

Experimental

Arm Label

Treatment (temozolomide, O6-benzylguanine)

Arm Description

See Detailed Description

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

MTD of temozolomide

Secondary Outcome Measures

Pharmacokinetic parameters
Summarized using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) if normally distributed. For log-normally distributed data, the geometric mean will be used. If the data are not normally distributed, nonparametric statistics (median, minimum, maximum, interquartile ranges) will be used. Logistic regression models will be used to explore possible relationships between the systemic exposure to temozolomide, O6-benzylguanine, and their respective metabolites and toxicities and antitumor activity.
Acute toxicities
These toxicities will be tabulated according to dose level.
Chronic toxicities
Tabulated according to dose level and course of therapy.
Histological response
Exact confidence interval estimates of traditional response by histologic tumor type will be developed.
Duration of disease control
Kaplan-Meier estimates will also be provided.
Survival
Kaplan-Meier estimates will also be provided.

Full Information

First Posted
January 24, 2003
Last Updated
September 27, 2013
Sponsor
National Cancer Institute (NCI)
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT00052780
Brief Title
Temozolomide and O6-Benzylguanine in Treating Children With Recurrent Brain Tumors
Official Title
Phase I Trial of Temozolomide and O6-Benzylguanine in Pediatric Patients With Recurrent Brain Tumors
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
September 2013
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
October 2002 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
November 2007 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
undefined (undefined)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
National Cancer Institute (NCI)

4. Oversight

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
Phase I trial to study the safety of combining O6-benzylguanine with temozolomide in treating children who have recurrent or refractory brain tumors. Drugs used in chemotherapy use different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. O6-benzylguanine may increase the effectiveness of temozolomide by making tumor cells more sensitive to the drug.
Detailed Description
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. To determine the maximum tolerated dose of temozolomide (Temodar) when administered with O6-benzylguanine (O6-BG) with and without G-CSF support to pediatric patients with refractory brain tumors stratified by previous radiotherapy. SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. To characterize the pharmacokinetics of temozolomide and O6-BG when used in combination. II. To characterize toxicities associated with the combination of O6-BG and temozolomide with and without G-CSF support. III. To document antitumor response in patients when treated with O6-BG and temozolomide. IV. To determine the levels of MGMT enzyme and mismatch repair (MMR) proteins in tumor tissue, investigating a possible correlation with patient outcome. OUTLINE: This is a dose-escalation study of temozolomide with and without filgrastim (G-CSF). Patients are stratified according to prior radiotherapy (RT)/myeloablative therapy (no RT or focal RT vs craniospinal RT or myeloablative therapy). Patients receive O6-benzylguanine IV continuously on days 1 and 2 and oral temozolomide on day 1. Treatment repeats every 28 days for up to 12 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Cohorts of 2-6 patients in each stratum receive escalating doses of temozolomide until the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose at which 25% of patients experience DLT. Once the MTD is determined, additional patients are treated at that dose level for a total of 12 patients treated at the MTD. For courses 1-12, patients experiencing neutropenia may also receive G-CSF subcutaneously or IV daily beginning on day 3 and continuing until blood counts recover. If neutropenia is the dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) for the first 2 strata, patients are further stratified according to concurrent G-CSF support (yes vs no).Cohorts of 3-6 patients in each stratum receive escalating doses of temozolomide with G-CSF until the MTD is determined. The MTD is defined as the dose preceding that at which at least 2 of 3 or 2 of 6 patients experience DLT. Once the MTD is determined, 6 additional patients are treated at that dose. Patients are followed for resolution of all adverse events occurring while on treatment and/or within 30 days of the last administration of study drug. Patients will be followed for the shortest of 1) three months after the last protocol based treatment, or 2) the date other therapy is initiated.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Childhood Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumor, Childhood Choroid Plexus Tumor, Childhood Craniopharyngioma, Childhood Ependymoblastoma, Childhood Grade I Meningioma, Childhood Grade II Meningioma, Childhood Grade III Meningioma, Childhood High-grade Cerebellar Astrocytoma, Childhood High-grade Cerebral Astrocytoma, Childhood Infratentorial Ependymoma, Childhood Low-grade Cerebellar Astrocytoma, Childhood Low-grade Cerebral Astrocytoma, Childhood Medulloepithelioma, Childhood Mixed Glioma, Childhood Oligodendroglioma, Childhood Supratentorial Ependymoma, Recurrent Childhood Brain Stem Glioma, Recurrent Childhood Cerebellar Astrocytoma, Recurrent Childhood Cerebral Astrocytoma, Recurrent Childhood Ependymoma, Recurrent Childhood Medulloblastoma, Recurrent Childhood Pineoblastoma, Recurrent Childhood Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma, Recurrent Childhood Supratentorial Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumor, Recurrent Childhood Visual Pathway and Hypothalamic Glioma

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Treatment
Study Phase
Phase 1
Interventional Study Model
Single Group Assignment
Masking
None (Open Label)
Allocation
N/A
Enrollment
72 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Treatment (temozolomide, O6-benzylguanine)
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
See Detailed Description
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
O6-benzylguanine
Other Intervention Name(s)
BG
Intervention Description
Given IV
Intervention Type
Drug
Intervention Name(s)
temozolomide
Other Intervention Name(s)
SCH 52365, Temodal, Temodar, TMZ
Intervention Description
Given PO
Intervention Type
Biological
Intervention Name(s)
filgrastim
Other Intervention Name(s)
G-CSF, Neupogen
Intervention Description
Given SC or IV
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
pharmacological study
Other Intervention Name(s)
pharmacological studies
Intervention Description
Correlative studies
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
laboratory biomarker analysis
Intervention Description
Correlative studies
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
MTD of temozolomide
Time Frame
28 days
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Pharmacokinetic parameters
Description
Summarized using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) if normally distributed. For log-normally distributed data, the geometric mean will be used. If the data are not normally distributed, nonparametric statistics (median, minimum, maximum, interquartile ranges) will be used. Logistic regression models will be used to explore possible relationships between the systemic exposure to temozolomide, O6-benzylguanine, and their respective metabolites and toxicities and antitumor activity.
Time Frame
Baseline and courses 1 and 3
Title
Acute toxicities
Description
These toxicities will be tabulated according to dose level.
Time Frame
4 weeks (course 1)
Title
Chronic toxicities
Description
Tabulated according to dose level and course of therapy.
Time Frame
Up to 30 days post-treatment
Title
Histological response
Description
Exact confidence interval estimates of traditional response by histologic tumor type will be developed.
Time Frame
Up to 5 years
Title
Duration of disease control
Description
Kaplan-Meier estimates will also be provided.
Time Frame
Up to 5 years
Title
Survival
Description
Kaplan-Meier estimates will also be provided.
Time Frame
Up to 5 years

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
21 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: Recurrent or refractory pediatric brain tumors; a histopathologic diagnosis from either the initial presentation or at the time of recurrence is required for all but brain stem gliomas Karnofsky or Lansky ≥ 60% Life expectancy > 8 weeks Patients with neurological deficits should have deficits that are stable for a minimum of 1 week prior to study entry Chemotherapy: No more than 2 previous chemotherapy/biologic therapy regimens; evidence of recovery from prior chemotherapy/biologic therapy; no myelosuppressive chemotherapy within 3 weeks (6 weeks if a nitrosourea agent) of study entry; patients who have received temozolomide are eligible if they have not received the drug in the past 3 months and did not experience any non-hematopoietic Grade 3/4 toxicity with prior temozolomide therapy XRT: ≥ 3 months prior to study entry for craniospinal irradiation (≥ 18 Gy); ≥ 4 weeks for local radiation to primary tumor; and ≥ 2 weeks prior to study entry for focal irradiation to symptomatic metastatic sites Bone Marrow Transplant: ≥ 6 months prior to study entry Anti-convulsants: Patients will be eligible for this study even if they are receiving anti-convulsants Growth factors: Off all colony forming growth factor(s) > 2 weeks prior to study entry (G-CSF, GM-CSF, Erythropoietin) Dexamethasone: Patients who are receiving dexamethasone must be on a stable dose for at least 1 week prior to study entry ANC > 1,000/μl Platelets > 100,000/μl Hemoglobin > 8g/dl Patients may have bone marrow involvement by disease; platelet and Hgb counts must be transfusion independent Creatinine ≤ 1.5 times institutional normal for age Or GFR > 70 ml/min/1.73m^2 Bilirubin ≤ upper limit of normal for age SGPT (ALT) < and SGOT (AST) < 2.5X institutional normal No overt renal, hepatic, cardiac or pulmonary disease Female patients of childbearing potential must have negative serum or urine pregnancy test; patient must not be pregnant or breast-feeding; while no known teratogenic effects are known for O6-BG so far, there is little data to address this specifically; as such, the prudent approach is to exclude pregnant and breastfeeding patients until further data is available Patients of childbearing or child-fathering potential must be willing to use a medically acceptable form of birth control, which includes abstinence, while being treated on this study Signed informed consent according to institutional guidelines must be obtained and patients must begin therapy within seven (7) days of registration Exclusion Criteria: Patients must not be receiving any other anticancer or experimental drug therapy Patients with a history of hypersensitivity to dacarbazine, temozolomide or polyethylene glycol are excluded
Overall Study Officials:
First Name & Middle Initial & Last Name & Degree
Amar Gajjar
Organizational Affiliation
Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium
Official's Role
Principal Investigator
Facility Information:
Facility Name
Pediatric Brain Tumor Consortium
City
Memphis
State/Province
Tennessee
ZIP/Postal Code
38105
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

Learn more about this trial

Temozolomide and O6-Benzylguanine in Treating Children With Recurrent Brain Tumors

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