The Effect of Exercise Intervention on Insulin Resistance in Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)
Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease focused on measuring Hepatic insulin sensitivity, Muscle insulin sensitivity, B cell function, VLDL1 TG metabolism, VLDL2 TG metabolism
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Sedentary, non smoking, male subjects,
- Alcohol consumption men <21 units/week,
- BMI 27-35. (Lean individuals do not suffer from NAFLD, so are not suitable for this study. Conversely, we are restricted to a maximum BMI of 35 due to the size limitations of the MR scanner.)
- A clinical diagnosis of NAFLD based upon the following criteria: i) exclusion of other causes of liver disease i.e. negative Hepatitis B and C serology, a negative auto-immune profile and normal caeruloplasmin concentrations, ii) Ultrasound appearances suggestive of a fatty, echo-bright liver with no evidence of cirrhosis (in some cases, the diagnosis will have been confirmed histologically after liver biopsy.
- Being willing to engage and motivated to follow an exercise program.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prescription of corticosteroids, amiodarone, tamoxifen, methotrexate (drugs known to cause secondary steatohepatitis) or fibrates. Statin is Ok as long as the patients are on stable therapy for a while, if changed then the patient will be excluded.
- Alcohol consumption for men 21 units/week.
- A contraindication to exercise (such as unstable ischaemic heart disease),
- Type 2 diabetes (type 2 diabetes patients are excluded so that we are examining the involvement of insulin resistance at a reversible stage before β-cell failure has occurred).
- Patients who are on medications that will interact with GTN (glyceryl trinitrate) will be excluded from the GTN dilatation (endothelial independent NO mediated function) aspect of the study.
- Individuals who suffer from claustrophobia and have metal implants will be excluded from the MRI aspect of the study.
- Patients who smoke will also be excluded from the study.
- Total cholesterol >7
Sites / Locations
- Royal Surrey County Hospital
- University of Surrey
- John Moores University
- University of Liverpool
- Royal Liverpool University Hospital
- Liverpool University
- Imperial College London
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Experimental
Control
lifestyle counseling and exercise
Unsupervised exercise training This group will be given 1 hour lifestyle counseling by the exercise trainer after which they will have no contact with the exercise trainer to the end of the intervention period. The exercise intervention will be offered to the subjects once the post studies are completed.
Supervised exercise training Four months exercise training intervention will be either gym-based or patients will choose the mode of exercise that suits their lifestyle. Patients will be encouraged to exercise four times per week for 30-45 min at 60-80 % of maximal heart rate, with a 5 min warm-up and warm-down. Participants will be given free access to a variety of affiliated sports centres and will use the Wellness Key system, a software program that enables researchers to remotely track the exercise activity of participants very accurately. To ensure compliance with rest or exercise, all participants of both groups will have their mean physical activity level in 2 non-consecutive weeks evaluated with an ambulatory accelerometer.