The Impact of Vitamins and Minerals Supplementation on Neuropathy and Nephropathy Complications

The Impact of Vitamins and Minerals Supplementation on Neuropathy and Nephropathy Complications in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: a Randomised Clinical Trial

The combination of vitamin and mineral supplementation may improve: glycemic control lipid profile oxidative stress blood pressure nephropathy indices neuropathy indices

A total of 75 diabetic patients (39 men and 36 women), aged 36 to 69 years, having diabetes for at least 3 years, was recruited for this study. Type 2 diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose 126 mg/dl (two times repeated) or taking oral glucose-lowering agents.Diabetic patients were stratified by sex and randomly assigned to one of the three treatment groups using block randomization procedure. Depending upon the treatment groups, each subject received two capsules per day, 1 with breakfast and 1 with dinner, for a period of 4 months. Each capsule contained one of the following preparations and hence determined the corresponding groups: Group MV: Zinc sulfate and Magnesium oxide (providing 10 mg Zn and 125 mg Mg) and vitamin C (100 mg) and vitamin E (100 mg); Group MVB: both of the above mineral and vitamin supplements plus vitamin B1 (5 mg), vitamin B2 (5 mg), vitamin B6 (5 mg), biotin (50 µg), vitamin B12 (5 µg) and folic acid (0.5 mg); Group P: starch (placebo). All of the study medications, including the placebo, were supplied by Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran) and were indistinguishable from each other. They were stored at 20-25 0C.

Group MV: Zinc sulfate and Magnesium oxide (providing 10 mg Zn and 125 mg Mg) and vitamin C (100 mg) and vitamin E (100 mg

Group MVB: Zinc sulfate and Magnesium oxide (providing 10 mg Zn and 125 mg Mg) and vitamin C (100 mg) and vitamin E (100 mg)plus vitamin B1 (5 mg), vitamin B2 (5 mg), vitamin B6 (5 mg), biotin (50 µg), vitamin B12 (5 µg) and folic acid (0.5 mg)

Group MV: Zinc sulfate and Magnesium oxide (providing 10 mg Zn and 125 mg Mg) and vitamin C (100 mg) and vitamin E (100 mg); Group MVB: both of the above mineral and vitamin supplements plus vitamin B1 (5 mg), vitamin B2 (5 mg), vitamin B6 (5 mg), biotin (50 µg), vitamin B12 (5 µg) and folic acid (0.5 mg); Group P: starch (placebo).

nerve conduction velocities in the bilateral sural sensory nerves, and peroneal, tibial, median, and ulnar motor nerves with F waves in hands and legs extremity

nephropathy indices were determined by 3 times urine microalbumin concentration using Enzyme Immuno Assay commercial kit

Urine microalbumin concentration was measured by Enzyme Immuno Assay using commercial kit (ORG 5MA Micro Albumin, Orgentec Diagnostika GmbH, and Mainz, Germany). Urine total protein was determined by lowry method (19). Urine samples creatinine (Cr) were measured by chemical colorimetric kit according Jaffe reaction (Pars Azmoun, Tehran, Iran) and all urine results were expressed in relation to gram creatinine excretion.

Inclusion Criteria: Type 2 diabetes for 3 years Exclusion Criteria: Resting blood pressure >160/100 mmHg Taking vitamin and/or mineral supplement, thyroid hormones, estrogens, progesterone, diuretics or antihypertensive agents Having history of myocardial infarction and hepatic disease Pregnant

Farvid MS, Homayouni F, Amiri Z, Adelmanesh F. Improving neuropathy scores in type 2 diabetic patients using micronutrients supplementation. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2011 Jul;93(1):86-94. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.03.016. Epub 2011 Apr 14.