The Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Markers, and Metabolomics Response to Exercise in Patients With COPD

The Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Markers, and Metabolomics Response to Exercise in Patients With COPD

The Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Markers, and Metabolomics Response to Exercise in Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

The effect of different physical exercise protocols on inflammatory markers, antioxidant balance, and metabolomics has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the responses of oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and metabolomics to exercise.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality, is a preventable and curable disease characterized by irreversible airflow limitation. The progressive lung involvement, systemic inflammation, respiratory and peripheral muscle dysfunction, loss of muscle mass, and the dysfunction of the remaining muscles occur in COPD. Muscle dysfunction, which is defined as loss of strength or loss of endurance characteristics in muscles, is a comorbidity associated with poor outcomes such as frequent hospitalization and decreased survival, as well as adversely affecting exercise capacity and quality of life. Exercise increases mitochondrial activity and requires antioxidant defense to achieve cellular redox regulation. The effect of different physical exercise protocols on inflammatory markers, antioxidant balance, and metabolomics has not been fully elucidated. Oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and metabolic responses to different acute exercise modalities in COPD patients need to be examined and clarified. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the responses of oxidative stress, inflammatory markers, and metabolomics to exercise. Detection of biomolecules that change with acute exercise may also contribute to the identification of exercise-related pathways.

Patients with COPD will undergo two different one bout of exercise training after maximal exercise test.

Response of total work values to maximal exercise test, high intensity interval and continuous exercise

Peak work rates will be determined using cycle ergometer. Maximal exercise test will be performed on the first day, high intensity interval and continuous exercise will be performed with one week intervals.

Change from baseline to after maximal exercise test, high intensity interval, and continuous exercise, up to 3 weeks.

The inflammatory markers response to maximal exercise test, high intensity interval and continuous exercise

Blood samples will be collected before and after exercise and analyzed for the responses of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, sTNFr1. Maximal exercise test will be performed on the first day, high intensity interval and continuous exercise will be performed with one week intervals.

Change from baseline to after maximal exercise test, high intensity interval, and continuous exercise, up to 3 weeks.

Blood samples will be collected before and after exercise and analyzed for the responses of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, and total antioxidant status. Maximal exercise test will be performed on the first day, high intensity interval and continuous exercise will be performed with one week intervals.

Change from baseline to after maximal exercise test, high intensity interval, and continuous exercise, up to 3 weeks.

The metabolomics response (valine-leucine-isoleucine, alanine) to maximal exercise test, high intensity interval, and continuous exercise.

Blood samples will be collected before and after exercise and analyzed for identification of metabolomics which change with exercise. Maximal exercise test will be performed on the first day, high intensity interval and continuous exercise will be performed with one week intervals.

Change from baseline to after maximal exercise test, high intensity interval, and continuous exercise, up to 3 weeks.

Inclusion Criteria: Diagnosis of COPD (clinically stable) Being 40-80 years of age Able and willing to complete the informed consent process. Exclusion Criteria: To have severe neuromuscular, musculoskeletal and rheumatic problems Unable to cooperate