The Performance of a Robot-assisted Minimally Invasive Direct Cochlear Access for Cochlear Implantation

The Performance of a Robot-assisted Minimally Invasive Direct Cochlear Access for Cochlear Implantation

The Performance of a Robot-assisted Minimally Invasive Direct Cochlear Access for Cochlear Implantation

The cochlear implant is a neural prosthesis and has been the gold standard treatment for severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss over several decades. The surgical procedure for cochlear implantation aims to atraumatically insert the electrode array of the cochlear implant into the cochlea. However, due to the location of the cochlea inside the skull, the surgeon is required to create an access from the surface of the temporal bone to the cochlea (inner ear). In conventional methods, this access is acquired by removal of portions of the mastoid bone through a mastoidectomy and posterior tympanotomy. The outcome and success of the conventional procedure varies due to mainly two factors: surgeon skill and subject anatomical variation. To overcome these variables toward a more consistent and less invasive cochlear implantation surgery, the development of robotic and image guided cochlear implantation has taken place. This study primarily aims to explore the performance of robotic cochlear implantation surgery.

Relative ratio of successful electrode array insertions through the drilled direct cochlear access with the HEARO procedure to the total HEARO procedures.

The primary outcome measure of this study is to explore the relative ratio of the successful electrode array insertions into the cochlea through the drilled direct cochlear access with the HEARO procedure to the total HEARO procedures. Aborted or converted procedures count as procedure in which insertion through the direct cochlea access was not possible. The results will be expressed in relative numbers and in percentage.

The insertion depth prediction accuracy as the difference between the estimated insertion depth of the electrode at the planning and the actual insertion depth.

The absolute in-plane and out-plane accuracy of the drilled tunnel is measured as the angular deviation between the planned trajectory in-plane and out-plane angles and the actual drilled angles from the intra-op image.

The absolute lateral accuracy of the drilled tunnel to the facial nerve and chorda tympani is measured as the difference between the planned trajectory and the actual drilled trajectory distance.

The absolute lateral accuracy of the drilled tunnel is measured as the distance between the planned target trajectory position and actual target of the drilled trajectory position.

The ratio of the visibility of round window membrane surface at the robotic inner ear access by visual inspection. This will be assessed as subjective evaluation by the surgeon.

Inclusion Criteria: Subjects scheduled for CI surgery according to clinical routine Subjects who will receive a cochlear implant Signed and dated informed consent form Exclusion Criteria: Lack of compliance with any inclusion criteria Age under 18 years Pregnancy Distance of the planned trajectory to the facial nerve is < 0.4 mm as per screening CT scan Distance of the planned trajectory to the chorda tympani is < 0.3 mm as per screening CT scan A safe inner ear access cannot be planned for preservation of RW membrane and cochlear structures Individuals where image guidance or robotic procedures are not indicated