Transcranial Direct-current Stimulation (tDCS) in Treatment Refractory Auditory Hallucinations (tDCS)
Auditory Hallucination, Schizophrenia
About this trial
This is an interventional treatment trial for Auditory Hallucination
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria:
- Inpatient adults (age 18-65 years) who meet diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder (using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM)
- Auditory hallucinations without remission over 5 years (remission is defined as a period of 4 weeks without hallucinations) as documented in the patients' medical record
- Failure to respond to two previous adequate antipsychotic trials with adequate duration and adequate dosage
- Screening PANSS total rating of > 70
- PANSS hallucinatory behavior item > 4
- Capacity and willingness to sign informed consent
- On a stable antipsychotic regimen 4 weeks prior to screening and for the duration of the trial
- Normal hearing
- If female and not infertile, must agree to use one of the following forms of contraception for the duration of study participation: systemic hormonal treatment, an interuterine device (IUD) which was implanted at least 2 months prior to screening, or "double-barrier" contraception
- Willing to wear the tDCS device.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Prior history of seizure, other than that induced by Electro Convulsive Therapy
- Family history of seizures
- Significant unstable medical condition
- Pregnancy or women of childbearing capacity not using a medically accepted form of contraception when engaged in sexual intercourse
- Inability to provide informed consent
- Actively suicidal and or showing violent behavior
- Significant organic brain pathology by history and neurological examination, inclusive of history of head trauma, loss of consciousness for more than 5 minutes; intracranial metal implants, known structural brain lesion, devices that may be affected by transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) (pacemaker, medication pump, cochlear implant, implanted brain stimulator)
- Active substance abuse
- Increased intracranial pressure, unstable cardiovascular disease, sleep apnea
- Individuals with a clinically defined neurological disorder
- Frequent and persistent migraines
- History of adverse reaction to neurostimulation or open skin wounds that would preclude safe placement of tDCS electrodes
- Current use of medications known to lower seizure threshold (serotonergic or tricyclic antidepressants)
- If pregnant or breast feeding at the time of screening
Sites / Locations
- Manhattan Psychiatric Center
Arms of the Study
Arm 1
Arm 2
Experimental
Sham Comparator
Transcranial direct-current stimulation
Sham tDCS
Intervention of 2 mAmp Transcranial direct-current stimulation treatments given twice daily for 20 min each per day for 4 weeks on consecutive weekdays. Twice-daily sessions were separated by at least 3 hours (one in the AM and the other one in the PM)
Intervention of placebo stimulation with ranscranial direct-current stimulation(sham tDCS), the stimulation parameters were displayed, but after 40 seconds of real stimulation of 2 mAmp to simulate the tDCS induced skin sensation, only a small current pulse was delivered every 550 msec (110 mAmp over 15 msec) through the remainder of the 20-minute period