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ZOSTAVAX® in Renal Transplant Patients

Primary Purpose

Herpes Zoster

Status
Completed
Phase
Phase 1
Locations
United States
Study Type
Interventional
Intervention
Live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine
Placebo
Sponsored by
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
About
Eligibility
Locations
Arms
Outcomes
Full info

About this trial

This is an interventional prevention trial for Herpes Zoster focused on measuring immunocompromised,parent protocol,shingles,varicella-zoster virus,ZOSTAVAX®

Eligibility Criteria

18 Years - 99 Years (Adult, Older Adult)All SexesDoes not accept healthy volunteers

Inclusion Criteria:

-Subjects must be willing and able to provide informed consent prior to study procedures. -Age 18 years or older at the time of vaccination. -Chronic kidney disease (CKD) activated on the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) deceased donor waitlist or anticipating living donor renal transplant no sooner than 4 weeks following vaccination. -Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) seropositive by local laboratory or Center for Disease Control (CDC) serologic testing -Negative pregnancy test (women of childbearing age potential) performed at enrollment- or within 48 hours prior. The use of contraception for women of childbearing potential will be per renal transplant team's standard of care

Exclusion Criteria:

-Any pharmacologic immunosuppression at the time of enrollment, within one year prior to enrollment, or between enrollment and transplant (e.g., for underlying autoimmune disease or previous failed allograft). This includes prednisone at >/= 0.3 mg/kg/day or steroid equivalent for > 10 days, any use of anti-metabolites (azathioprine, mycophenolic acid, cytoxan), leflunomide, TNF-alpha inhibitors, calcineurin inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, IL-6 or IL-6 receptor inhibitors. -Any transplant other than solitary kidney (e.g., no kidney/pancreas, kidney/liver transplants). Second kidney transplants are permitted. -Anticipated use of any post-transplant experimental immunosuppressive agent -Prior ZOSTAVAX® or Varivax® vaccination -Shingles or any other herpes zoster within 12 months of planned vaccination -Receipt of any killed vaccines within 2 weeks prior and 4 weeks following study vaccination or receipt of any live vaccines within 4 weeks prior and 6 weeks following study vaccination -Intercurrent illness at time of planned vaccination -Inability to vaccinate in either arm (e.g. due to A-V fistula or graft) -Known Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, or chronic hepatitis B determined from review of laboratory data obtained from pre-transplant evaluation by renal transplant team. Note positive IgG hepatitis B surface antibody alone (negative HBcAb and negative IgM) is indicative of vaccine induced immunity and is not grounds for exclusion -History of anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reaction to gelatin, neomycin, or any other components of the vaccine -Asthma requiring systemic or inhaled steroid treatment within 12 months prior to enrollment -Allergy to ganciclovir, valgancyclovir, acyclovir, or famciclovir -Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA) >/= 20 percent or donor-specific sensitization (by solid phase assay or flow cytometry) or treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for desensitization prior to transplant -History of primary or acquired immunodeficiency states. -Routine use of anti-viral prophylaxis for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) at the time of vaccination or within 3 months prior -Any other condition that in the opinion of the investigator might interfere with the subject's safety or ability to participate in the study -Abnormal screening laboratory data resulting in a disqualification of transplant candidacy. Abnormalities due to underlying disease (e.g., renal failure, anemia, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, diabetes) are not exclusionary except as denoted above for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, autoimmune disease. -The subject is currently participating in a study that involves an experimental agent (vaccine, drug, biologic, device, blood product, or medication) or has received an experimental agent within 1 month prior to enrollment in this study, or expects to receive another experimental agent during participation in this study. -The subject has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, bi-polar disease, or other severe (disabling) psychiatric diagnosis identified at the pre-transplant evaluation. -The subject has been hospitalized within the past 5 years prior to enrollment for psychiatric illness, history of suicide attempt or confinement for danger to self or others identified at the pre-transplant evaluation. -Dual listing at more than one transplant center. -Unwilling to be temporarily inactivated on UNOS wait list for 4 weeks post vaccination.

Sites / Locations

  • University of Iowa - Vaccine Research and Education Unit
  • University of Maryland Baltimore - School of Medicine - Medicine
  • Vanderbilt University - Medicine - Infectious Diseases

Arms of the Study

Arm 1

Arm 2

Arm Type

Placebo Comparator

Experimental

Arm Label

Placebo

ZOSTAVAX®

Arm Description

10 subjects to receive placebo subcutaneously.

30 subjects to receive 0.65 mL ZOSTAVAX® subcutaneously.

Outcomes

Primary Outcome Measures

Biopsy proven graft rejection
Safety: any occurrence of proven [polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed] vaccine strain varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection at any site not contiguous with the injection site.
Safety: incidence of grade 3 or higher vaccine related adverse events (AEs) and vaccine related serious adverse events (SAEs).
Safety: incidence of vaccine related serious adverse events (SAEs).
Safety: increase of panel reactive antibody (PRA) by greater than or equal to 10% (e.g., from 10% to 20%) or newly positive donor specific cross match (DXM) after immunization in the absence of any other attributable cause.
Safety: increase of panel reactive antibody (PRA) by greater than or equal to 10% (e.g., from 10% to 20%) or newly positive donor specific cross match (DXM) prior to transplantation in the absence of any other attributable cause.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Immune response: changes from baseline glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA) varicella zoster virus (VZV) antibody titer.
Immune response: changes from baseline number of VZV specific T cells by flow cytometry measuring intracellular interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon (IFN)-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha after stimulation with VZV antigens.

Full Information

First Posted
June 3, 2010
Last Updated
January 5, 2017
Sponsor
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
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1. Study Identification

Unique Protocol Identification Number
NCT01137669
Brief Title
ZOSTAVAX® in Renal Transplant Patients
Official Title
Phase I Trial of ZOSTAVAX® Prior to Renal Transplantation
Study Type
Interventional

2. Study Status

Record Verification Date
October 2015
Overall Recruitment Status
Completed
Study Start Date
September 2010 (undefined)
Primary Completion Date
February 2015 (Actual)
Study Completion Date
February 2015 (Actual)

3. Sponsor/Collaborators

Responsible Party, by Official Title
Sponsor
Name of the Sponsor
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

4. Oversight

5. Study Description

Brief Summary
The purpose of this study is to test the safety of a licensed zoster vaccine, ZOSTAVAX® (Zoster Vaccine Live) in 40 subjects, age 18 years or older, with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are scheduled to receive a living donor kidney transplant. ZOSTAVAX® is not licensed for use in immunosuppressed persons and in the United States for individuals less than 50 years of age. Subjects will receive either ZOSTAVAX® vaccine or placebo (inactive substance) no less than 4 weeks prior to their kidney transplant. Study procedures include: physical exam, blood samples and documentation of daily temperatures and/or side effects in a diary following vaccination. Participants may be involved in study related procedures for up to 18 months.
Detailed Description
Infection with varicella-zoster virus (VZV) produces a life-long latent infection in sensory ganglia. Reactivation of viral replication from latency results in a number of clinical syndromes, most commonly herpes zoster, or shingles. Herpes zoster is typically a unilateral vesicular rash in a dermatomal distribution accompanied by radicular pain that may be severe. Immunocompromised persons are at higher risk for herpes zoster than immunocompetent adults. The markedly increased risk of herpes zoster in organ transplant recipients suggests that this population would benefit substantially if a similar strategy could be adopted. The currently licensed zoster vaccine, ZOSTAVAX® (Zoster Vaccine Live), is not licensed for use in immunosuppressed persons and in the United States for those less than 50 years of age. A small Phase I study is important to address immunogenicity in patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) prior to transplantation as well as safety and persistence of immune responses following transplantation. This study is a multi-center, double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of ZOSTAVAX® immunization in subjects who will undergo renal transplantation from a living donor or are wait-listed for a deceased donor no less than 4 weeks prior to transplantation. The primary objective of this study is to assess the safety of ZOSTAVAX® when administered to subjects with CKD a minimum of 4 weeks prior to live donor renal transplantation. This will be accomplished by comparing the rates of specific local and systemic reactogenicity events and adverse events (AEs) between the vaccine and placebo groups. Subjects likely to be suitable for renal transplant and who have an identified living donor will be consented for screening serology for antibodies to VZV if such serology is not standard of care or serostatus is not known. Subjects with positive VZV serology, an identified living donor, and meeting inclusion and exclusion criteria will provide signed informed consent for study enrollment. Subjects will be randomized to receive either active vaccine (ZOSTAVAX®) [30 subjects] or placebo vaccine [10 subjects]. Blood will be drawn on day 0 (day of vaccine) prior to vaccine administration for assessment of baseline humoral and cellular immunity to VZV. Subjects will receive ZOSTAVAX® or placebo vaccination. At approximately 5 weeks post-vaccination, subjects will have blood drawn for measurement of humoral and cellular immune response. Subjects will undergo living donor renal transplant with immunosuppression according to standard of care at each institution. All transplanted subjects will receive anti-viral prophylaxis for 3 months post-transplant, consisting of either valganciclovir (or ganciclovir) or acyclovir (or valacyclovir or famciclovir) depending on risk of cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. Subjects will be followed and treated by the renal transplant team at each center according to local standard of care with concomitant monitoring by the vaccine study teams. Subjects will have blood drawn for humoral and cell-mediated immune assays at day 0, and week 5 post vaccination, and 6 months and 12 months post-transplantation if they undergo transplantation. Parent protocol to sub-study 09-0025.

6. Conditions and Keywords

Primary Disease or Condition Being Studied in the Trial, or the Focus of the Study
Herpes Zoster
Keywords
immunocompromised,parent protocol,shingles,varicella-zoster virus,ZOSTAVAX®

7. Study Design

Primary Purpose
Prevention
Study Phase
Phase 1
Interventional Study Model
Parallel Assignment
Masking
ParticipantInvestigatorOutcomes Assessor
Allocation
Randomized
Enrollment
34 (Actual)

8. Arms, Groups, and Interventions

Arm Title
Placebo
Arm Type
Placebo Comparator
Arm Description
10 subjects to receive placebo subcutaneously.
Arm Title
ZOSTAVAX®
Arm Type
Experimental
Arm Description
30 subjects to receive 0.65 mL ZOSTAVAX® subcutaneously.
Intervention Type
Biological
Intervention Name(s)
Live attenuated herpes zoster vaccine
Intervention Description
ZOSTAVAX® (Zoster Vaccine Live) is a live attenuated vaccine provided as a single-dose, sterile, lyophilized, preservative-free frozen formulation. The vaccine will be supplied in 3-mL glass vials. Sterile diluent will be used to reconstitute study vaccine. The reconstituted vial will be gently agitated to mix thoroughly. The entire contents of the reconstituted vaccine vial (approximately 0.65 mL) will be withdrawn into a syringe. The vaccine will be administered immediately subcutaneously in the deltoid region.
Intervention Type
Other
Intervention Name(s)
Placebo
Intervention Description
Placebo for Zoster Vaccine Live (ZOSTAVAX®) is sterile normal saline which will be obtained from the Fisher Repository in single-dose containers. 0.9% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, isotonic solution of sodium chloride and water for injection. The placebo will be administered subcutaneously in the deltoid region.
Primary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Biopsy proven graft rejection
Time Frame
During 12 months post- vaccination or post- transplantation
Title
Safety: any occurrence of proven [polymerase chain reaction (PCR) confirmed] vaccine strain varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection at any site not contiguous with the injection site.
Time Frame
Entire post-immunization period up to 12 months following transplantation.
Title
Safety: incidence of grade 3 or higher vaccine related adverse events (AEs) and vaccine related serious adverse events (SAEs).
Time Frame
During the 4 weeks post-immunization.
Title
Safety: incidence of vaccine related serious adverse events (SAEs).
Time Frame
During 12 months post- vaccination or post-transplantation
Title
Safety: increase of panel reactive antibody (PRA) by greater than or equal to 10% (e.g., from 10% to 20%) or newly positive donor specific cross match (DXM) after immunization in the absence of any other attributable cause.
Time Frame
Prior to vaccination, to following vaccination while on the wait list (for up to 12 months)
Title
Safety: increase of panel reactive antibody (PRA) by greater than or equal to 10% (e.g., from 10% to 20%) or newly positive donor specific cross match (DXM) prior to transplantation in the absence of any other attributable cause.
Time Frame
Study Day 0, through Study Day 35 post vaccination, or to the time of transplantation in those subjects who are transplanted. The ideal time for transplantation is 6 weeks post vaccination.
Secondary Outcome Measure Information:
Title
Immune response: changes from baseline glycoprotein-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (gpELISA) varicella zoster virus (VZV) antibody titer.
Time Frame
Approximately 5 weeks post immunization, 6 months and 12 months post-vaccination or 6 months and 12 months post-transplantation.If transplantation occurs >12 weeks post-vaccination, a repeat pre-transplant baseline is optional.
Title
Immune response: changes from baseline number of VZV specific T cells by flow cytometry measuring intracellular interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon (IFN)-gamma, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha after stimulation with VZV antigens.
Time Frame
Approximately 5 weeks post-immunization, 6 months and 12 months post-immunization or post-transplantation. If transplantation occurs >12 weeks post-vaccination, a repeat pre-transplant baseline is optional.

10. Eligibility

Sex
All
Minimum Age & Unit of Time
18 Years
Maximum Age & Unit of Time
99 Years
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Eligibility Criteria
Inclusion Criteria: -Subjects must be willing and able to provide informed consent prior to study procedures. -Age 18 years or older at the time of vaccination. -Chronic kidney disease (CKD) activated on the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) deceased donor waitlist or anticipating living donor renal transplant no sooner than 4 weeks following vaccination. -Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) seropositive by local laboratory or Center for Disease Control (CDC) serologic testing -Negative pregnancy test (women of childbearing age potential) performed at enrollment- or within 48 hours prior. The use of contraception for women of childbearing potential will be per renal transplant team's standard of care Exclusion Criteria: -Any pharmacologic immunosuppression at the time of enrollment, within one year prior to enrollment, or between enrollment and transplant (e.g., for underlying autoimmune disease or previous failed allograft). This includes prednisone at >/= 0.3 mg/kg/day or steroid equivalent for > 10 days, any use of anti-metabolites (azathioprine, mycophenolic acid, cytoxan), leflunomide, TNF-alpha inhibitors, calcineurin inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, IL-6 or IL-6 receptor inhibitors. -Any transplant other than solitary kidney (e.g., no kidney/pancreas, kidney/liver transplants). Second kidney transplants are permitted. -Anticipated use of any post-transplant experimental immunosuppressive agent -Prior ZOSTAVAX® or Varivax® vaccination -Shingles or any other herpes zoster within 12 months of planned vaccination -Receipt of any killed vaccines within 2 weeks prior and 4 weeks following study vaccination or receipt of any live vaccines within 4 weeks prior and 6 weeks following study vaccination -Intercurrent illness at time of planned vaccination -Inability to vaccinate in either arm (e.g. due to A-V fistula or graft) -Known Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, or chronic hepatitis B determined from review of laboratory data obtained from pre-transplant evaluation by renal transplant team. Note positive IgG hepatitis B surface antibody alone (negative HBcAb and negative IgM) is indicative of vaccine induced immunity and is not grounds for exclusion -History of anaphylactic/anaphylactoid reaction to gelatin, neomycin, or any other components of the vaccine -Asthma requiring systemic or inhaled steroid treatment within 12 months prior to enrollment -Allergy to ganciclovir, valgancyclovir, acyclovir, or famciclovir -Panel Reactive Antibody (PRA) >/= 20 percent or donor-specific sensitization (by solid phase assay or flow cytometry) or treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for desensitization prior to transplant -History of primary or acquired immunodeficiency states. -Routine use of anti-viral prophylaxis for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) at the time of vaccination or within 3 months prior -Any other condition that in the opinion of the investigator might interfere with the subject's safety or ability to participate in the study -Abnormal screening laboratory data resulting in a disqualification of transplant candidacy. Abnormalities due to underlying disease (e.g., renal failure, anemia, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, diabetes) are not exclusionary except as denoted above for HIV, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, autoimmune disease. -The subject is currently participating in a study that involves an experimental agent (vaccine, drug, biologic, device, blood product, or medication) or has received an experimental agent within 1 month prior to enrollment in this study, or expects to receive another experimental agent during participation in this study. -The subject has a diagnosis of schizophrenia, bi-polar disease, or other severe (disabling) psychiatric diagnosis identified at the pre-transplant evaluation. -The subject has been hospitalized within the past 5 years prior to enrollment for psychiatric illness, history of suicide attempt or confinement for danger to self or others identified at the pre-transplant evaluation. -Dual listing at more than one transplant center. -Unwilling to be temporarily inactivated on UNOS wait list for 4 weeks post vaccination.
Facility Information:
Facility Name
University of Iowa - Vaccine Research and Education Unit
City
Iowa City
State/Province
Iowa
ZIP/Postal Code
52242-2600
Country
United States
Facility Name
University of Maryland Baltimore - School of Medicine - Medicine
City
Baltimore
State/Province
Maryland
ZIP/Postal Code
21201-1509
Country
United States
Facility Name
Vanderbilt University - Medicine - Infectious Diseases
City
Nashville
State/Province
Tennessee
ZIP/Postal Code
37232-2035
Country
United States

12. IPD Sharing Statement

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ZOSTAVAX® in Renal Transplant Patients

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