Active clinical trials for "COVID-19"

The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the humoral immune response to CVnCoV in elderly adults aged ≥65 years and younger adults aged 18-45 years, 14 days after the second dose administration.

This randomized controled open label clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of Cyproheptadine on the clinical course of patients presenting a severe SARS-COV 2 pneumonia.

The present study will try to respond first in an initial phase, what is the minimum effective dose necessary of convalescent plasma for getting better in severly ill (not intubated) or very severely ill (intubated) patients. Once the dose will be determined by each type of patient group (severely ill vs. very severely ill) has been determined, phase 2 of the study will begin, where the safety and efficacy of the use of plasma will be evaluated based on clinical, imaging and laboratory criteria. So, our hypotheses are: Is there a minimum effective dose to treat seriously ill patients with convalescent plasma with COVID-19? the plasma dose with the minimum effective effect will improve the clinical, laboratory and clearance conditions of the presence of the virus in the severely ill patient?

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has placed tremendous stress on the global economy since its outbreak in December 2019. Currently, with nearly 1.3 million confirmed cases, there is still no effective way to contain the disease. The transmission of COVID-19 occurs via direct (prolonged close interaction, within 2 meters for more than 30 minutes) and indirect (fomites) contacts. Locally, the risk of COVID-19 infection in household contacts of confirmed cases is about 4%. These at-risk individuals are identified through contact tracing and infectious may be preventable using post-exposure-prophylaxis (PEP). However, there has yet to be a single effective, safe, and affordable pharmacological agent with such capabilities. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is a cheap anti-malarial and immunomodulatory agent which may potentially be used as PEP against COVID-19. HCQ is capable of blocking the invasion and intracellular replication of the virus. Existing studies have reported efficacy of HCQ in treating COVID-19, with reduced time to clinical recovery and few reports of patients suffering from significant side effects. However, existing studies are largely limited by their small sample sizes. Furthermore, there has yet to be a published trial on HCQ's role in PEP. This cluster randomized trial will evaluate the safety and efficacy of oral HCQ PEP, taken over for 5 days, in reducing the number of infected household contacts of confirmed COVID-19 patients under home quarantine. Comparison will be made between HCQ PEP (treatment group) and no treatment (control group). Subjects will be followed up over a course of 28 days, with daily symptom monitoring conducted over phone calls. Positive outcomes from this study will provide a means for us to battle the COVID-19 pandemic.

The main objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of the combination hydroxychloroquine and Azithromycin (HCQ and AZ) in reducing the infection risk among health care professionals in direct contact with COVID-19 patients.

Captopril being an effective drug available in liquid preparation, administration by nebulization could be of interest for maximizing lung action and minimizing systemic side effects. Such a treatment might be used for "Covid-19" patients with pneumonia in order to avoid ARDS.

Assessment the Activity Value of Isotretinoin (13- Cis-Retinoic Acid ) in the Treatment of COVID-19 Mahmoud ELkazzaz(1),Tamer Haydara(2), Mohamed Abdelaal(3), Abedelaziz Elsayed(4) ,Yousry Abo-amer(5), Hesham Attia(6), Quan Liu(7)' Tim Duong(8) and Heba Sahyon(9) Department of chemistry and biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, Egypt. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt. Hepatology,Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases Department, Mahala Hepatology Teaching Hospital, Egypt Department of Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Egypt. School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Foshan University, Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Disease, Institute of Translational Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. Montefiore Health System and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, United States of America. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt. This clinical study is the first clinical study in literature (submitted on 20 April, 2020) which demonstrated that Isotretinoin will provide complete protection against COVID-19 Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has infected over 100 million people causing over 2.4 million deaths over the world, and it is still expanding. There is an urgent need for targeted and effective COVID-19 treatments which has put great pressure on researchers across the world for developing effective drugs. In this clinical study we attempt to demonstrate Isotretinoin could be an effective and promising treatment for SARS-CoV-2 based on the intracellular mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and consequences caused. Isotretinoin could strongly inhibit both inflammation and viral entry in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection via decreasing the overproduction of early response proinflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 ) which are over expressed in COVID-19 and contributed to disease progression, poor outcomes, vascular hyper permeability and multiorgan failure in patients infected with COVID-19. It could also block the entry of COVID-19 by inhibiting androgenic factors that induce serine 2 transmembrane protease (TMPRSS2) expressions.. In addition to inhibiting of Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2), Angiotensin T1 protein and Angiotensin II-mediated intracellular calcium release pathway which is responsible for COVID-19 cell fusion and entry, ACE2-expressing cells are prone to SARS-CoV-2 infection as ACE2 receptor facilitates cellular viral entry and invasion. Moreover, isotretinoin is a potential repressor and inhibitor of papain-like protease (PLpro), which is a lethal protein expressed by COVID-19 genes and is an enzyme of dubiquitination which facilitates virus replication in patients with COVID-19.The genome of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus is recognized by melanoma differentiation-associated protein-5 (MDA5), retinoic acid inducible gene-1 (RIG-1) and endosomal toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) as pathogen-associated molecular patterns. This recognition resulted in the formation of type-1 interferon (IFN1). As an evasion mechanism, virus synthesize proteins that hinder the production IFN1 in the pathway. 13-cis retinoic acid induced significant upregulation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein (MAVS) and IFN regulatory factor 1 expression in a time-dependent. Furthermore, 13 cis Retinoic Acid (13 cis RA) could be an effective and promising treatment for SARS-CoV-2 owing to its ability to increase CD4 cells and induce mucosal IgA antibodies that are less prone to Antibody Dependent Enhancement process (ADE) and responsible for passive mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract. ADE is a phenomenon in which antiviral antibodies facilitate viral infection of target immune cells and, in some cases, make a second infection worse, such as dengue fever (dengue virus), By inducing IgA antibodies, 13 cis retinoic acid enhances mucosal immunity and is known to be a potent IgA isotype.13 Cis retinoic acid induced significant upregulation of toll-like receptor 3 an immune boosting action that may result in an immune response to dsRNA intermediate leading to the production of type I IFNs which is important to enhance the release of antiviral proteins for the protection of uninfected cells. Isotretinoin therapy has furthermore proven anti-platelet and fibrinolytic activities which may protect patients infected with covid-19 from widespread blood clots. From this point, we suggest that isotretinon will be the Immunity passport" in the context of COVID-19

Clinical, control, double-blind, randomized experimentation with N-acetylcysteine and bromhexine for COVID-19.

The purpose of this study is to assess the immunogenicity and safety of SCB-2023 trivalent vaccine compared to the prototype SCB-2019 monovalent vaccine in participants previously vaccinated with 3 doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine ≥6 months prior to enrollment.

The SARS-CoV-2 infection caused clusters of severe respiratory illness similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and was associated with ICU admission and high mortality. There is no confirmed antivirus therapy for people infected SARS-CoV-2, most of them should receive supportive care to help relieve symptoms. For severe cases, treatment should include care to support vital organ functions. This clinical trial is to inspect the safety and efficiency of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) therapy for pneumonia patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.