Active clinical trials for "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome"

The goal of this study is to determine if there is a difference in shedding (primary objective) and in immunogenicity and safety (secondary objectives) between HIV-positive and HIV-negative children and young adults who are receiving the quadrivalent live-attenuated influenza vaccine (QLAIV).

The Brooklyn Community United (BCU) study is a supplement to the main research study titled "Peer Driven Intervention to Seek, Test, & Treat Heterosexuals at High Risk for HIV." The main study's field name is Brooklyn Community Action Project (BCAP) (R01DA032083, R#: 11-01257). The main study is testing two approaches to seeking out undiagnosed HIV infection (Venue-based Sampling (VBS) and Confidential Two-Session Testing with Navigation (CTTN-RDS)). HIV prevalence rates in two previous heterosexual cycles of NHBS in the local area are: 7% in HET1 and 12.3% in HET2. The main study, BCAP, found lower prevalence rates of 3.45%, 35.14% of which were newly diagnosed in the RDS-CTTN sample and 1.89% newly diagnosed with HIV in the VBS sample. The primary aim of the Brooklyn Community United (BCU) study is to seek out individuals with undiagnosed HIV using a streamlined RDS-CTTN approach, and anonymous HIV Testing in Central Brooklyn. The supplement study hypotheses are: (H1): Compared with VBS and RDS-CTTN, and controlling for potential differences on key socio-demographic characteristics across the samples, RDS-ASTN participants will have less HIV testing experience. (H2) Controlling for potential differences on key socio-demographic characteristics across the samples, RDS-ASTN will yield higher rates previously undiagnosed HIV compared with VBS and RDS-CTTN. (H3): Most participants (> 70%) found to be HIV-infected in the RDS-ASTN intervention will engage in the Treat and Retain intervention phase. (H4): Most participants in the Treat and Retain phase of the RDS-ASTN intervention (> 70%), all of whom will be HIV infected, will be linked to care within 3 months.

A single dose escalation study to determine the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic profile of intramuscular and subcutaneous injections of GSK1265744 long acting parenteral (LAP) in healthy subjects. This study consists of a screening visit, a single injection, and follow-up evaluations for a minimum of 12 weeks following the injection.

Dolutegravir (DTG, GSK1349572) is a next-generation integrase inhibitor (INI) currently in phase 3 clinical trials for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) have greatly simplified the treatment of patients with HIV. While Atripla (an FDC of tenofovir (TDF), emtricitabine (FTC) and efavirenz (EFV)) has become the preferred first line regimen due in large part to its convenient presentation as a full treatment regimen in a single product, other options are needed. A fixed-dose combination of DTG/abacavir (ABC)/lamivudine (3TC) is one such opportunity. This is a single-center, randomized, open-label, 3-period crossover study in healthy adult subjects to evaluate the single-dose relative bioavailability of two experimental oral DTG 50 mg/ABC 600 mg/3TC 300 mg FDC tablet formulations compared to co-administration of the separate tablet formulations (DTG 50 mg tablet and EPZICOM), with each dose administered in the fasted state. Approximately 18 subjects will be enrolled and randomized to one of 6 different treatment sequences. There will be a screening visit within 30 days prior to the first dose of study drug and a follow up visit within 7-14 days after the last dose. There will be a 7 day washout between doses in each treatment period. The following PK parameters for DTG, ABC and 3TC will be measured: area under the concentration curve from time zero (pre-dose) extrapolated to infinite time (AUC(0-infinity)), Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero (pre-dose) to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUC (0-t)), maximum observed concentration (Cmax), lag time before observation of drug concentrations (tlag), time of occurrence of Cmax (tmax), terminal phase half-life (t½), apparent clearance following oral dosing (CL/F) and apparent terminal phase volume of distribution (Vz/F).

Linking HIV-infected pregnant women into prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) services and keeping them in care is important in ensuring that both mother and infant benefit from interventions that improve maternal health and decrease HIV transmission to infants. We propose an evaluation of strategies to link newly diagnosed HIV-infected women to care and keep them in care during pregnancy and after delivery in our study called MIR4HEALTH. The study will be conducted in Nyanza Province, Kenya. All participants will provide informed consent and will be randomized to receive the intervention, including individualized patient education, adherence support and phone call/Short Message Service (SMS) reminders for clinic appointments, or the standard of care (no additional intervention services).

Development of Real-Time Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence Intervention in Uganda (The Wisepill Study).

Consistent treatment with anti-retroviral therapy (ART) suppresses viral load (VL), prolonging life and improving quality of life for HIV+ persons. Suppressing VL benefits communities by reducing transmission to others. Mere availability of ART and care, however, is insufficient; the benefits of ART depend upon HIV+ persons' continuous visits to the health care provider, regular monitoring and regular delivery of medications, - known as retention in HIV care. In spite of national efforts, up to a quarter of HIV+ persons, especially low-income minorities are out of care. Innovative interventions are therefore urgently needed to maximize engagement and retention in HIV care, self-reported adherence, as well as HIV-1 RNA viral load suppression. In pursuit of these aims, the proposed study will assess outcomes of the following interventions in comparison to usual care: 1) contingency management (CM) only; 2) peer navigation (PN) only; and 3) a combined approach that integrates both CM and PN (CA) which the investigators hypothesize to be most effective in improving HIV clinical outcomes.

Dolutegravir (DTG, GSK1349572) is a next-generation integrase inhibitor (INI) currently in phase 3 clinical trials for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) have greatly simplified the treatment of patients with HIV. While Atripla (an FDC of tenofovir (TDF), emtricitabine (FTC) and efavirenz (EFV)) has become the preferred first line regimen due in large part to its convenient presentation as a full treatment regimen in a single product, other options are needed. A fixed-dose combination of DTG/abacavir (ABC)/lamivudine (3TC) is one such opportunity. Part A of this study will be a single-dose, two-treatment crossover pivotal bioequivalence (BE) evaluation of the DTG/ABC/3TC FDC tablet in 66 healthy subjects. The reference formulations in this trial will be the 50 mg DTG tablet that is currently being used in the Phase 3 clinical trials and the already marketed FDC tablet product EPZICOM™ (ABC 600 mg/3TC 300 mg).It is intended that the results of this pivotal bioequivalence study will show that the proposed commercial DTG/ABC/3TC FDC tablet formulation is bioequivalent to DTG plus EPZICOM administered as separate tablets. Part B of this study will evaluate the effect of a high fat meal on the FDC tablet in 12 healthy subjects that have already participated in Part A of the study. There will be a screening visit within 30 days prior to the first dose of study drug and a follow up visit within 7-14 days after the last dose. There will be a 7 day washout between doses in each treatment period. The following PK parameters for DTG, ABC and 3TC will be measured: area under the concentration curve from time zero (pre-dose) extrapolated to infinite time (AUC(0-infinity)), Area under the concentration-time curve from time zero (pre-dose) to the time of the last quantifiable concentration (AUC (0-t)), maximum observed concentration (Cmax), lag time before observation of drug concentrations (tlag), time of occurrence of Cmax (tmax), terminal phase half-life (t½), terminal elimination phase rate constant (λz), percentage of AUC obtained by extrapolation (%AUCex),apparent clearance following oral dosing (CL/F) and apparent terminal phase volume

Approximately 21% of HIV infections in the U.S. are undiagnosed, but only about 40% of all adults have been tested. Thus, late diagnosis of HIV is common, and, furthermore, treatment delays and disruptions are widespread. Heterosexuals at high risk (HHR) are significantly less likely to test for HIV, are more likely to be diagnosed with HIV late, and experience serious barriers to entering care compared to other groups. The investigators research team has studied HHR in New York City (NYC) as part of the CDC's National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) studies. The investigators found an HIV prevalence rate of 7.4% among HHR in NYC, and only 6% of these infections had been previously diagnosed. Further, in central Brooklyn, 10% were newly diagnosed with HIV. The proposed study will use NHBS methodology to target HHR in central Brooklyn. The primary goal of the proposed study is to evaluate the efficacy of a peer-driven intervention (PDI) to seek, test, treat and retain HHR. The investigators will also compare the effectiveness of two sampling methods to reach HHR: Respondent-driven sampling (a peer-based approach) versus venue-based sampling (a location-based approach). The two main study hypotheses are: (H1): Participants recruited by respondent-driven sampling (RDS) will be more likely to test positive for HIV compared to those recruited via venue-based sampling (VBS). H2): Participants in the "Test and Treat: phase of the peer-driven intervention (all of whom will be HIV-infected) will show a shorter time to an HIV clinical appointment, a shorter time to starting HIV medication (when medically indicated), higher rates of viral load suppression, and higher rates of retention in care compared to those in the control arm.

In this project the investigators develop and test a short message service (SMS) intervention based on the Information Motivation and Behavior skills (IMB) model. Reminding Adolescents To Adhere (RATA) prompts youths at two clinics in Uganda to take their medications and offers social support via weekly text messages. The investigators propose to adapt their previous successful SMS-intervention to the specific needs of youths and to evaluate the relative effectiveness of one-way versus two-way text messages (where two-way messages allow youths to respond to messages and we hypothesize that this may increase perceived social support that may be important for youth populations). We will also test the effectiveness of SMS messages over the longer-term (2 years), for which currently no information is available.