Active clinical trials for "Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome"

Efavirenz (EFV)-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains the preferred regimen in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children aged 3 years or older on rifampin-containing antituberculosis (anti-TB) therapy. This is because drug interactions between first-line anti-TB therapy with protease inhibitors (PIs) are more severe to adjust for, and interactions with integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are not well studied in that age group. Although, current weight-based EFV dosing recommendation is not optimal in some children, pharmacokinetic-treatment response (PK-PD) data to guide optimal dosing of EFV during concurrent rifampin-containing therapy in children is very limited. The study team propose that EFV concentrations outside the optimal therapeutic range in children will be associated with virologic failure due to lack of efficacy because of low concentrations or increased central nervous system (CNS) toxicities from high concentrations leading to poor medication adherence. The study will determine virological suppression rates in HIV-infected children with and without TB coinfection treated with standard efavirenz-based therapy and examine the factors contributing to poor virologic response.

Dolutegravir (DTG) is one type of integrase inhibitor, lamivudine (3TC) is one type of reverse transcriptase inhibitor, both of which are HIV medicine prevents HIV from self-multiplying, reduces the viral load. The data of the existing randomized controlled clinical studies show that the simplified two-drug DTG-based regimen is similar to the three-drug regimen in terms of efficacy, but there are no relevant data and reports on the efficacy and safety of DTG+3TC in HIV-infected patients in China so far. This project aims to explore the efficacy and safety of the DTG + 3TC regimen for HIV-infected patients in real clinical environment, to guide clinical application, and to provide a theoretical basis for the selection of simplified schemes for the formulation of guidelines. This study was done to see if the combination of two anti-HIV medicines, dolutegravir (DTG, Tivicay) and lamivudine (3TC, Epivir) taken once a day, provide a safe, effective, and well-tolerated treatment for HIV.

This study will test the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of an interdependence theory-based couples intervention in Kenya that reaches pregnant women and male partners through home visits by male-female pairs of lay health workers, and includes offer of home-based CHTC services.

The principal objective is to define and compare the viral reservoir, mucosal immune responses and the microbiota of different HIV infection stages; viremic, aviremic (under treatment), natural elite controllers; The secondary objective is to compare the mucosal immune response and microbiota of HIV patients with the healthy control population of Milieu Interieur;

Cross-sectional study investigating the prevalence of hypogonadism in HIV-infected MSM population

To establish a follow-up cohort of antiretroviral therapy(ART) for patients with HIV/AIDS, to observe the ART efficacy and adverse reactions, complications in the process of ART, as well as mortality and causes of death, so as to provide basis for further improving ART efficacy and quality of life of the patients.

The goal of this study is to evaluate the efficacy in preventing HIV infection of the study drugs, lenacapavir (LEN) and emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (F/TAF), in adolescent girls and young women.

While pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is widely recommended and a number of pilot studies are on-going worldwide, progress of its implementation in the real world setting has been slow, especially in Asia. This study aims to develop a service model for PrEP delivery and test its operability in the real world setting. In this implementation study, 400 individuals with high sexual risk of HIV infection who fulfil eligibility criteria would be recruited. Eligible participants would receive one year of daily tenofovir disoproxil fumarate 300mg / emtricitabine 200mg (TDF/FTC) for free. A client-initiated approach would be adopted, requiring participants to self-arrange for regular HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STI) testing. An online system would be developed to facilitate participants to plan for testing and consultation for accessing PrEP. Questionnaire at baseline and subsequent monthly follow-up would be administered to assess behaviour, monitor adverse effects and drug adherence, the latter coupled with the completion of an online diary. Testing of HIV and creatinine would be performed using point-of-care test or by phlebotomy during clinical visits. Blood samples would be collected for archiving. Around 40 participants would be invited to join an in-depth interview in the later part of the study to evaluate the service model. The main outcome measures are: PrEP service adherence, PrEP drug adherence, prevalence of drug intolerance, prevalence of unprotected sex in the study period, incidence of HIV and STI

HIV/AIDS is the second leading cause of death in Africa. Adolescents living with HIV (ALWH) are at increased risk for HIV-related morbidity and mortality due to poor retention in HIV care and suboptimal antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Despite having the world's largest population of ALWH (15-24 years, n=870,000), only 14% of South African ALWH are on ART, 12% are retained in HIV care 1-2 years after ART initiation, and 10% are virally suppressed. During treatment interruption, the effects of ART quickly reverse, increasing transmission risk, treatment resistance, and potentially fatal complications. Unless their treatment retention and adherence improves, ALWH will continue to transmit the virus to their sexual partners and die prematurely. While social support is often viewed as a bridge that joins ALWH to key resources within their environments, little is known about which types of social support are most impactful and from whom within their network, particularly among ALWH in endemic countries. Moreover, many South African ALWH lack social support from key social network members due to lack of HIV status disclosure, increasing their risk for poorer HIV-related outcomes when compare to their disclosed peers. Social network interventions (i.e., those that leverage the resources within one's network to improve behaviors and outcomes) that meet the needs of both ALWH who are disclosed and non-disclosed are needed, but lacking. Such inventions have the potential to facilitate appraisal support, during which ALWH receive targeted assistance with identifying appropriate and trustworthy people in their lives. More broadly, there exists a lack empirically supported interventions aimed at improving retention in HIV care and ART adherence for ALWH in low-middle income countries. This proposal follows the multiphase optimization strategy (MOST), a comprehensive framework for optimizing and evaluating multicomponent behavioral interventions.

This is a one year study to develop and test a culturally-tailored, web-based cognitive behavioral stress management (CBSM) intervention for Latino sexual minority men living with both HIV and cancer. Sexual minority Latino men living with HIV and cancer experience a variety of health disparities related to their diagnoses, including higher distress. The project will be a pilot randomized trial, comparing culturally-tailored CBSM to standard CBSM for dually-diagnosed participants. The project will use a community-based participatory research approach, and the investigators have included (and will continue to include) LGBT-serving community partners in all phases of the research from study design to implementation and dissemination of findings. The proposed study will aid in attenuating health disparities among Latino sexual minority men living with HIV and cancer.