Active clinical trials for "Opioid-Related Disorders"

The selection hypothesis of smoking prevalence posits that smokers who are not able to quit successfully are "burdened" by specific characteristics that make it more challenging to quit1. For example, those less successful in quitting smoking may be more nicotine dependent or more likely to suffer from substance use, psychiatric, or medical conditions. In line with this perspective, smoking prevalence has stabilized in the US, presumably because the remaining population has become increasingly representative of those "at-risk smokers" who are unable to quit2. Emerging evidence suggests that persons who suffer from opioid misuse, defined as opioid use without a prescription, at a dose or frequency higher than prescribed, or for a non-medical purpose (e.g., getting high),3 may constitute such a high-risk group. Opioid misuse affects greater than 16% adults who use opioids4 and up to 29% of those with chronic pain.5 The prevalence of tobacco smoking in this group may exceed twice that observed in the general population, and smokers misusing opioids are almost twice as likely to be dependent on nicotine6,7. Yet, the role of opioid misuse in periods of early abstinence and smoking cessation has yet to be explored. The main objective of the present proposal is to fill existing gaps in knowledge by examining the extent to which opioid misuse is associated with decreased success during early smoking abstinence and over the course of an attempt to quit smoking, and to identify mediators and moderators of opioid-smoking relations in this context. This contribution is clinically-significant from a public health standpoint because it will directly guide the development of novel psychosocial/behavioral smoking cessation interventions to help this high-risk population of smokers quit by targeting unique vulnerability processes that result in poor cessation outcomes.

To compare the effectiveness of 3 strategies to inform patients of their risks associated with misuse of opioid prescriptions after treatment in the ED from renal colic or musculoskeletal back pain. Randomization will be to 3 arms for the Randomized Practical Control Trial across 3 sites (A) standardized general risk information sheet only (B) standardized general risk information sheet plus a visual probabilistic risk tool (C) standardized sheet plus narrative enhanced probabilistic risk tool.

This study will assess the efficacy of the modified Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-Up Intervention, adapted for use with peripartum mothers receiving medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder. The investigators expect that mothers who receive the modified Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up Intervention will show more nurturing and sensitive parenting and more adaptive physiological regulation than parents who receive a control intervention. The investigators expect that infants whose mothers receive the modified Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch-up will show better outcomes in attachment, behavior, and physiological regulation compared to infants of parents who receive the control intervention.

Our study looks to evaluate the effect of brief preoperative counseling on opioid use following knee arthroscopy. We aim to quantify the effect we have as providers in changing patient behavior postoperatively in terms of the type and amount of pain medication that is utilized.

This study is designed to determine the relative effectiveness of buprenorphine/naloxone (Suboxone) pharmacotherapy versus naltrexone pharmacotherapy for treatment retention, relapse prevention and opioid craving reduction among opioid-dependent adolescents and young adults. The investigators hypothesize that naltrexone treatment is as effective as buprenorphine/naloxone for these treatment outcomes.

A randomized, double blind clinical trial comparing buprenorphine and naltrexone maintenance treatment when combined with drug abuse and HIV risk reduction counseling (DC-HIV) for heroin and opium addicts in Iran.

The purpose of this study is to compare the clinical efficacy of the buprenorphine/naloxone combination tablet to methadone for opioid maintenance treatment.

The purpose of this study is to assess the abuse liability and examine the reinforcing effects of intravenous buprenorphine and buprenorphine/naloxone combinations in buprenorphine-naloxone maintained volunteers

The purpose of this study is to assess the abuse liability and reinforcing effects of intravenous buprenorphine and buprenorphine/naloxone combinations in heroin-dependent volunteers

The purpose of this study is to study the effects of cycloserine on naloxone-precipitated opiate withdrawal.