Active clinical trials for "Behavior, Addictive"

Background: Many smartphone apps intend to help people with addictions. But not enough is known about how they should work. Researchers want to study an app that gives people the advice they need, just when they need it. This is a JITAI. It stands for Just-In-Time Adaptive Intervention. To create a good JITAI, researchers need to know what approaches work best at different moments. Objective: To develop ways to treat addiction with a smartphone app. Eligibility: Adults ages 18-75 who use heroin or other opioids Design: Participants will be screened in another protocol. Participants will visit a Baltimore clinic 3 days a week to give urine and breath samples. Some participants will get their treatment at this clinic. Participants will answer questions about their personality and stress. Participants will randomly be assigned to the JITAI group or a comparison group. Participants will have a training session on using the smartphone app. JITAI participants will also watch a video about the written messages they ll see in the app. Weeks 3-10: participants will carry a smartphone. Four times a day, it will beep and ask questions. These will be about the participant s activities and mood. The JITAI group will see a short message after. The message is meant to be helpful. For the first 16 evenings, JITAI participants will get more information on the phone. Answers to the app s questions will be transferred automatically from the smartphone to secure computers at the NIH. During the last week, participants can choose the kind of messages they see. Week 11: participants will return the smartphone and answer questions. Weeks 12-16, participants who are getting their medicine from the research clinic will be encouraged to transfer to other clinics. Otherwise, they will have their dose slowly reduced to zero.

Cocaine abuse is associated with serious physical, psychiatric and social problems. Addiction results in the compulsive use of a substance with loss of control and persistence despite the negative consequences.The act of re-engaging in the search for drugs is called relapse and a particularly insidious aspect of addiction is that vulnerability to relapse lasts for many years after stopping drug use. The main reason why people continue to use cocaine is because of its influence on the reward system.Indeed, this substance makes it possible to increase the level of dopamine, particularly in the nucleus accumbens.This increase in dopamine is not related to the hedonic pleasure that consumption provides. Instead, it imprints a positive value to enhancers and facilitates the learning of reward associations through the modulation of the cortical and subcortical regions of the brain.In other words, it suggests that users become sensitive to a series of stimuli that combine with a rewarding feeling, which drives them to consume when they encounter them. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has been used for a long time, mainly as mucolytic. It has also been used as a glutathione antioxidant precursor in the treatment of paracetamol overdose for more than 30 years. NAC has shown beneficial effects in animal models of cocaine addiction by reversing neuroplasticity and reducing the risk of restoring consumer behavior in rodents. Human studies show that NAC is potentially effective in preventing relapse in abstinent patients and ineffective in reducing current consumption. In this study the investigators will test a sample of newly detoxified (and therefore abstinent) patients who have taken a 3-4 week course of treatment, in order determine if NAC can be a useful medication candidate to avoid relapse in patients with cocaine dependence.

After the rapid increase in the use of the Internet in the world, it has brought some negativities.People with internet addiction describe all the time they spend without internet as worthless and they want to be on the internet with an increasing desire.

The study is a single-blinded, randomized, controlled, 12 months clinical trial. The objective is to investigate the feasibility, effects and side-effects of virtual reality-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy (VR-CBT) vs. cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in patients with a diagnosis of alcohol dependence.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of mobile interventions in reducing craving and lapses in patients diagnosed with Substance Use Disorder. In a two-armed, randomized controlled trial the efficacy of self-guided psychological intervention delivered via a mobile app (Nałogometr 2.0) will be assessed. During the course of three months, participants will have access to intervention modules, based mainly on mindfulness and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). With the use of ecological momentary assessment (EMA), longitudinal data on several variables related to craving and lapse risk will be collected. Additionally, a questionnaire battery assessment - administered monthly - will measure severity of substance dependence, levels of anxiety, depression, and life satisfaction.

The use of the internet is very popular in adolescence. Notwithstanding the benefits from the internet, many users are addicted to the internet and develop problematic behaviours which are regarded as "Internet addiction" (IA). Trained nursing students, who are the future nurses and well-equipped with basic health knowledge, as the interventionists to deliver a bCBTMI intervention to the eligible subjects. The result of this study is expected to provide evidence of the feasibility and effectiveness of training nursing students to conduct bCBTMI in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents with IA for a definitive RCT.

In the last decade, infants are born into a social environment in which the smartphone has become an essential part of our lives. Smartphone use draws the mother's attention during mother-infant interactions and thus may affect the infant development as well as maternal self-efficacy. However, the effects of smartphone use reduction among breastfeeding mothers during their interactions with their infants have not been studied yet. In the present study, we propose to evaluate a "SMaRT Mom" intervention that we have developed, to manage and reduce smartphone use during breastfeeding. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effects of the SMaRT Mom intervention on breastfeeding mothers' biobehavioral mechanisms, self-efficacy and the socioemotional characteristics of their infants. This will extend our knowledge of the peculiarities of early mother-infant interactions in the digital era, when smartphones play a critical role.

Dental anesthesia is considered by far one of the main procedures in dentistry; the performance of a good dental anesthesia with a correct technique is paramount in controlling pain, facilitating the work of the dentist and gaining the confidence and cooperation of the patient Tramadol is an FDA-approved medication for pain relief indicated mainly for moderate to severe pain, it is an opioid with 6 hours Half-Life and different dosages as 50mg, 100mg, 200mg and 300mg. Due to possible abuse and addiction potential, limitations to its use should be for pain that is refractive to other pain medication, such as non-opioid pain medication, unfortunately, the almost non-existent of censorship in Algeria and the disorderly framing made the obtain of tramadol as a medicine very easy which has led to a very alarming abuse of this drug

At the age of 17, in Brittany, 94.9% of adolescents have experimented alcohol consumption 78.1% within a month and 25.5% report repeated episodes of Intensive Punctual Alcohol. Among the potential explanatory factors of this worrying epidemiology, social and cultural factors induce a social valuation of alcohol consumption and drunkenness. There are also individual vulnerability factors, particularly important in adolescence between experimentation and the transition to regular use or even to alcohol use disorders. Despite the extent of the damage, there is currently little reliable data on effective primary prevention strategies for dealing with addictive behavior. Many prevention programs target age range in school settings, to delay or reduce use of psychoactive substances. A meta-analysis on the impact of this prevention programs in school settings, concluded that most interventions are associated with no or little impact with respect to the goal of reducing psychoactive substances with teenagers. Among existing programs, "PREVENTURE" has been evaluated in 5 trials with high-risk teenagers identified in schools settings, in different countries (Canada, Europe). The results show a clear and robust effect on reducing alcohol consumption. This program has not been tested outside the school setting and a recent review mention the need to make this program more accessible by targeting vulnerable groups and studying the impact of this program on this population. The PREVADO study is a prospective, controlled, randomised, open-label study. After inclusion, the adolescent completes the questionnaire SURPS (Substance Use Risk Profile Scale). The SURPS is self-report questionnaire that assesses four well-validated personality risk factors for substance misuse (Impulsivity, Sensation Seeking, Anxiety Sensitivity, and Hopelessness). There is a 23-item to which adolescents are asked to respond using a 4-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly agree" to "strongly disagree" : Hopelessness (7 items), Anxiety Sensitivity (5 items), Impulsivity (5 items), and Sensation Seeking (6 items). Adolescents will be randomized into 2 groups (stratification on the 4 predominant risk personality types from the SURPS (Substance Use Risk Profile Scale) and on the recruitment modality) : Intervention group : teenagers follow the "PREVENTURE" program and routine cares Control group : teenagers follow routine cares

The rapid increase of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) use by young people in the US and their potential to harm health, cause addiction, and serve as a risk for cigarette smoking or dual-use is alarming. The epidemic of ENDS use among young people in the US has been associated with the rise in popularity of ENDS products that are very efficient in delivering high doses of nicotine to users. Therefore, the investigators propose to study the effects of nicotine reduction (NR) on young ENDS users as a potential regulatory strategy to reduce the addictiveness and use of ENDS. The proposed studies are directly responsive to research priories identified by the FDA and specified in this RFA under Addiction; studying the "Impact of changes in tobacco product characteristics (e.g. nicotine formulation) on dependence". This project aims to provide an overview of this project's rationale significance divided into 1) scientific rationale and regulatory implications; 2) the need to respond to the rising trend of ENDS use among young people in the US; 3) the importance of reducing the addictiveness of ENDS; 4) the strength of our clinical and analytical lab approach for regulatory purposes; and 5) the strengths and weaknesses in the rigor of prior research about NR for ENDS.