Active clinical trials for "Behavior, Addictive"

Tobacco addiction is treatable with behavioral and pharmacological means, but results are often less than optimal. Transcranial direct current stimulation is a new non-invasive technique that applies weak electrical currents through the skull and has been shown to alter the excitability of certain brain areas. It is currently being tried in disorders where there is abnormal brain excitability, such as epilepsy and depression. A few studies have also been able to diminish drug craving, suggesting that brain excitability might also be altered in drug addiction. This study aims at non-invasively changing the excitability of certain brain areas-a procedure called neuromodulation- in order to help smokers quit smoking more easily.

The purpose of this study is to quantify the serious risks of prescription opioid misuse or abuse or opioid use disorder (OUD) associated with the long term use of opioid analgesics for management of chronic pain, among patients prescribed opioid products.

The aims of STRIDE were changed as of July, 2014. The revised project, called STRIDE2, has a longitudinal, non-randomized, observational study design. The population under study consists of individuals living with HIV who are dependent on opioids.

The investigators are examining different treatment strategies of helping patients with PTSD and addiction.

A prior study by the principal investigator of this project identified dopamine- and oxytocin-related brain pathways that showed a diminished response when addicted mothers viewed the faces of their own vs. unknown infants, compared with non-addicted mothers. These areas include the hypothalamus, striatum and ventromedial prefrontal cortex. In addition, the investigators plan to examine activation patterns within the salience network, which includes the anterior cingulate cortex and the anterior insula. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide with decreased blood levels seen in addicted mothers, is integrally involved in maternal brain and behavioral responses. When administered intranasally, the pilot data has shown enhanced activation of the striatum, prefrontal cortex (PFC) and amygdala. The purpose of this study is to continue and expand upon the previous investigation of maternal addiction, by conducting a randomized, double-blinded, placebo controlled, crossover study of intranasal oxytocin on maternal brain responses. 150 mothers from the University of Iowa and the Yale Child Study Center will be enrolled (75 with a history of drug addiction and 75 matched control mothers), along with their 2 to 12-month-old infants, to participate in four study visits over a two-month period.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of the education given in technology addiction course to nursing students studying at a foundation university on students' perspectives on addiction and addiction levels.A self-report online survey method was used to collect data. After the data collection tools used were made suitable for filling in the online environment, the questionnaires were delivered to the participants using e-mail and social media networks. The pretest was collected just before the start of the personal development phase training on technology addiction. Then, technology addiction personal development training planned by the researcher was applied to the students in the experimental group for 10 weeks. After the end of the lessons, the same questionnaires were used as a posttest application. The same data collection tools were applied to the control group without any intervention.

This study aimed to determine the effect of smartphone addiction on physical activity level in healthy individuals. A total of 300 (134 female) healthy university students were included in this study. The mean age of the subjects was 21.36 ± 2.33 year.

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of online group motivational interviewing (MI) on eating behavior, healthy lifestyle behaviors and quality of life in nursing participants with food addiction at three state universities in Ankara. The population of the research will be those who meet the diagnostic criteria for food addiction according to the Yale Food Addiction Scale. The research sample size was calculated with the G* Power package program. As a result of the power analysis, a total of 52 participants, 26 for the intervention group and 26 for the control group, were found sufficient for the sample with 90% power, 5% margin of error and 0.2065 effect size. Considering that the number of participants would decrease during the research process, the number of samples was increased by 10% to a total of 58 university participants, 29 of which were interventions and 29 were controls. Among the participants who meet the food addiction criteria, the participants who meet the inclusion criteria and agree to participate in the research will be randomly assigned to the intervention and control groups (n1=29; n2=29). After these participants are stratified according to the change (pre-contemplation and contemplation stage) phase, a simple random assignment process within the strata will be done by an independent researcher to avoid selection bias. Random assignment will be done through a simple random numbers table. The independent researcher who does not know which group is the intervention group and which group is the control group will collect the data. Data collection tools will be applied to the participants in the intervention and control groups in the pre-MI session, the post-MI session, and 2 months later in the follow-up session. It was planned to apply 5 sessions of MI to the intervention group, and to follow-up 2 months after the interviews were completed. No application will be made to the participants in the control group, and at the end of the study, a seminar on food addiction and quality of life will be given to the participants.

This study is composed of a main study and an ancillary one. The objective of the main study is to define, on the psychopathological, neurological, pharmacokinetic and genetic plan, the predictive factors for developing a behavioural addiction (BA) secondarily to the dopaminergic treatment, associated or not to a dopamine dysregulation syndrome (DDS), in patients with Parkinson's disease. 3 particular profiles of patients will be established: BA- : no secondary behavioural addiction BA+/DDS-: secondary behavioural addiction, without dopamine dysregulation syndrome BA+/DDS+: secondary behavioural addiction, with dopamine dysregulation syndrome We wish in particular: To differentiate, among the BA+ subjects, those for who is a DDS from those for who we can evoke a side effect of the dopaminergic treatment To demonstrate that the BA+/DDS- subjects present pharmacokinetic particularities causing the occurrence of the BA. To clarify the possible relationship between the dosage and the pharmacodynamics of the treatment (especially that of pramipexole) in one hand, and the developing of BA in the other hand. Demonstrate that the subjects BA + / DDS- are individually genetic vulnerability (related to the dopamine system), originally from the occurrence of the BA. This study has several levels of evaluation, we chose describe the methodology of the study in 3 axis : Psychopathology axis, Neurological axis and pharmacokinetic axis. The pharmacokinetic aspects will be studied only on a part of the sample, in an ancillary study centered on the pharmacokinetic of the pramipexole (in its immediate release form).

Abnormal opioid system have been identified in addictive behavior and activity of the opioid system has also shown a strong link with the nutritional balance. A significant increase in endorphin levels was noticed after exercise, proportional to the duration and intensity of this activity. One brain imaging study showed an increase in opioid activity in athletes after endurance training. However , a decrease in opioid tone related to receptor desensitization in the brain has been raised in the sport and it is possible to feel like , the subject must perform physical exercise more frequently . Consequently, in order to deepen the hypothesis of addiction in high-level sport , the brain opioid activity should be assessed pre- training compared to a group of sedentary control subjects . Preliminary results of a previous study the investigators are conducting on anorexia nervosa (AN ) show abnormalities that appear to be involved in self addiction anorexia nervosa and the regulation of gonadal function. However, the relation of cause and effect between these anomalies and undernutrition remains to be determined . Given the addictive component in the endurance sport and the variability of the nutritional status of its practitioners , evaluation of brain activity in these subjects could provide additional answers.