Active clinical trials for "Behavior, Addictive"

This study is examining the relative effects of alternative aftercare models for ex-offenders who are recovering from substance abuse/addiction. The study is a longitudinal, randomized field trial that assigns participants to one of three conditions: Oxford House, a professionally-run residential treatment facility, or a control condition that involves usual aftercare chosen by participants (which may include no treatment at all). Oxford Houses are self-run residential recovery homes based on the premise of mutual support. These homes do not involve professional treatment staff and the expenses (e.g. rent, utilities) are paid for by the residents. The hypothesis of this study is that Oxford House participants will have as good or better outcomes in terms of substance recovery, recidivism, and health in comparison to the participants who were assigned to the residential treatment facility, and better outcomes in comparison to the control group. In addition, the cost to government/tax payers will be substantially lower given that participants pay their own way.

The main objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the Nucleus Accumbens(NAc) as a novel treatment in severe methamphetamine addiction. Our hypothesis is that bilateral DBS of the NAc will significantly reduce the craving for methamphetamine.

Heroin addiction is a serious problem and the relapse rate of existing treatment methods is extremely high. Recently, international journals such as Science reported that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) can reduce the craving of addicts, alleviate depression and anxiety symptoms, and is expected to become an effective treatment. Our preliminary experiment using rTMS to stimulate the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of heroin addicts also showed similar effects, however, the mechanism is unclear. Previously, the investigators found that the functional connectivity between left executive control network and default mode network was negatively correlated relapse behavior, while the functional connectivity between salience network and default mode network was positively correlated with relapse behavior. Studies have shown that dopamine dysfunction in addicts and brain metabolism is the biological basis of network connectivity. It suggests that elucidating the relationship between the characteristics of large brain network connectivity and the level of dopamine receptor and relapse behavior in addicts is hopeful to further understand the neurological mechanism of rTMS treatment for addiction. In this project, the investigators intend to observe the changes of brain network connectivity, glucose metabolism and dopamine D2 receptor before and after rTMS treatment in addicts from the perspective of large brain network by combining PET/MRI with psychobehavioral approach. The relationship between rTMS and relapse behavior will be deeply analyzed to provide scientific basis for the development of effective treatment programs.

Our hypothesis is that the conventional treatment of Behavioral Addiction in Parkinson's disease is often not effective, and that affects the motor aspects (worsening akinéto-rigid syndrome and / or worsening of dyskinesia due to higher levodopa doses to compensate for the drop in behavioral addictions) and non-motor (withdrawal syndrome dopamine agonist) anxiously including apathy. Our goal is to describe the natural history of Behavioral Addiction under the effect of the evolution of the disease and adapt treatment according to the prior art, through a study of a larger population of patients than in the few published studies.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the insula on alcohol use and neural responses in alcohol-dependent patients.

The purpose of this study is to verify efficacy and safety of a bilateral deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the Nucleus accumbens (NAc) as a treatment option for severe opioid addiction.

This is a randomized trial comparing electronic cigarettes (e-Cigarettes) to nicotine gum for smoking cessation. Participants will be randomly assigned to either e-cigarette use or nicotine gum use during a quit attempt. All participants will have a one hour meeting with a tobacco treatment specialist to develop a quit plan and set a quit date. Quit status will be determined at 12 weeks after the quit date. Continued use of nicotine replacement (either e-Cigarette or nicotine gum) and satisfaction with the treatment assignment will be evaluated.

Cocaine addiction is a chronic condition with severe cardiac, neurologic, psychiatric and social complications. Cocaine is the second most consumed illicit drug in France. Its prevalence has been multiplied by 3 between 2000 and 2008, and is still on the rise. Craving, the compulsive need to consume, is a key feature of cocaine addiction. It is also predictive of treatment efficacy. However, there is no validated treatment for severe cocaine dependence yet. Response to current psychological and medical treatment is poor, with 73% relapse after 3 months. Patients with severe cocaine addiction are thus in a therapeutic deadlock. To address these unmet medical needs, the investigators designed a pilot study (n=2) to evaluate the safety and the efficacy of the deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nuclei (STN-DBS) in severe cocaine addiction with at least one cardiac, neurologic or psychiatric complication. Indeed, compulsivity is a critical component of craving, and severe treatment-resistant obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) are already successfully treated using STN-DBS. Moreover, animal studies recently demonstrated a therapeutic effect of STN-DBS in rats addicted to cocaine. Together, these two lines of research suggest a therapeutic effect of STN-DBS in cocaine addiction mediated by an anti-obsessive mechanism on craving.

Nucleus accumbens plays important roles in the process of opiate addiction and initial of relapse after detoxification.According to the single-centered preliminary open-labeled prospective trial results, the investigators hypothesize that bilateral stimulation of the NAc will effectively reduce the relapse of the opiate dependence.

Interventions to disrupt memory reconsolidation have held promise for the treatment of stress- and anxiety-related disorders. In the present study, the investigators will examine whether an intervention based on these principles, called memory updating, could be adapted for reward-seeking behaviors. To test this, non-treatment seeking tobacco smokers will be exposed to smoking cues and/or stress, two stimuli known to trigger smoking. It is predicted that exposure to a stress task will enhance the cues' motivational salience and yield greater susceptibility to the memory updating procedure. As an add-on, the investigators will examine COVID-associated changes in substance use and whether participants in the memory updating groups might be more resilient to these effects. It is predicted that the changes in substance use will depend on whether the substances are used primarily in social settings.