Active clinical trials for "Adenoma"

Among advanced resection techniques, endoscopic full thickness resection (EFTR) allows closure and full-thickness resection by the use of the non-exposed full thickness resection device (FTRD). The study is a retrospective analysis of technical failure occurring during colorectal full-thickness resection. Full thickness resection is a safe and effective procedure for "difficult" colorectal lesions. However, technical failure can occur and to date there is no evidence about type and clinical consequences in this setting.

Predicting the outcome of pituitary surgery, particularly the risk of complications, is a critical determinant in selecting the appropriate treatment modality for patients. To date, only a limited number of risk factors have been identified for complications following pituitary surgery, including tumor size, younger age, and previous surgical intervention. Furthermore, existing studies have demonstrated that prolactin levels can serve as a surrogate marker for assessing pituitary function, specifically revealing associations between elevated prolactin levels and anterior pituitary insufficiencies. In a retrospective study on the "HYP'OP" cohort, the aim of the study is to identify predictive factors for both surgical outcomes and complications.

Freenome is using a type of artificial intelligence, called machine learning, to identify patterns of cell-free biomarkers in blood to detect cancer early. The purpose of this study is to develop and validate a blood-based assay to detect colorectal cancer by collecting blood and stool samples from healthy patients undergoing routine screening colonoscopy and from patients recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer or advanced adenomas.

The purpose of this study is to determine if a new device, called the Endocuff Vision (a small plastic device attached to the end of the colonoscope which helps by holding the folds of the bowel back to give a clear view of the inside of the bowel) will significantly improve the detection of adenomas when used in all patients referred for colonoscopy.

Summary Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Spain (11,000 deaths per year). Screening of the population over 50 years of age with no significant history (intermediate risk) is recommended, but which screening method is best for promoting adherence in this type of patient has not been well established. There are currently two screening methods that are less invasive than conventional colonoscopy and seem to have higher sensitivity than the test for faecal occult blood (FOBT). These two methods are the colon capsule, which consists in ingesting a capsule that takes photographs of the colon, and virtual colonoscopy, which is a radiological technique. Objectives: 1. To demonstrate that virtual colonoscopy and colon capsule are effective CRC screening techniques in the intermediate risk population, with diagnostic rates comparable to conventional colonoscopy (concordance). 2. To compare the diagnostic rates of the colon capsule and virtual colonoscopy with respect to the size and characteristics of the lesions visualised. 3. To compare the participation rates for each screening strategy and identify the factors that influence participation (individual, family, and socioeconomic factors as well as those relating to the doctor).

Colon cancer is the second most common cause of death among cancer-related deaths in Germany. Precancerous lesions such as adenomas can be detected efficiently by colonoscopy. To provide high quality in colonoscopy several quality parameters have been postulated in the past. The adenoma detection rate (ADR) is one of those parameters. Empirical data suggest that a detection rate of 20% should be demanded. Detection rates are influenced by a multitude of circumstances such as bowel cleanness. The facts that detection rates vary between colonoscopists suggests that leaning effects may also play a role. It is not known how ADR and other quality parameters evolve while trainees improve their skills in colonoscopy. The investigators postulate that a learning curve exists. The investigators therefore plan to evaluate chronologically the findings of trainee colonoscopists. A particular performance in detecting adenomas shall be calculated in relation to the amount of examinations performed.

In the UK, around 1 in 16 men and 1 in 20 women will develop bowel cancer at some point in their lives. Most bowel cancers happen when a type of growth in the bowel called an adenoma eventually becomes cancerous. Cutting out adenomas reduces the risk of developing bowel cancer. Certain people are more likely to have adenomas than others, for example people who are overweight. People who are overweight are also more likely to develop liver disease by laying too much fat down in the liver. Studies in Asia have shown that people with fatty liver disease are more likely to have adenomas and these are more commonly found in the part of the bowel (right colon) furthest from the bottom end. Information on the link between obesity, fatty liver disease and adenomas is very limited, particularly in the Western population. The investigators will assess the link between body weight, fatty liver and adenomas in the UK population. 1430 patients will be invited; some through the bowel cancer screening programme and some with symptoms such as low blood count, bleeding or changed bowel habit. These patients will already have been referred for a camera test looking into the bowel, called a colonoscopy. Information including height, weight and some health questions will be taken. Blood samples will be taken. The investigators will compare the number of patients with adenomas who have liver disease or who are overweight with those who don't. This information will be used to develop a scoring system to predict risk of adenomas. This will help the investigators to decide if undertaking colonoscopies in these patients will identify those at increased risk of bowel cancer.

Early detecting and removing of colorectal advanced adenomas can reduce incidence of colorectal cancer. Because of the less bleeding of advanced adenomas, the sensitivity of existing quantitative fecal immunochemical test (qFIT) is unsatisfying. A new technology qFIT, which have a higher sensitivity in extremely low concentration of hemoglobin compared with existing commercially available qFIT, is developed and this study will prove the high diagnostic accuracy in detecting colorectal advanced adenoma.

New Zealand (NZ) has high bowel cancer rates, which the Bowel Screening Programme aims to reduce by early detection of bowel cancer and its precursor, adenomas (polyps). Bowel cancer and adenoma rates are higher in countries like NZ with low intake of the essential trace mineral selenium. Overseas, trials of selenium supplements reduced adenoma recurrence in people with low blood selenium, but not with high levels (where adding selenium increased health risks). Laboratory research explained this, and found certain types of selenium are safer and more effective. The optimal type and dose of selenium to use in NZ cancer prevention trials is not known. The main objective of this trial is to evaluate which dose and type of selenium (either selenomethionine or methylselenocysteine) gives optimal selenium status to maximise cancer prevention without causing health problems from excessive selenium intake. We also want to see how much selenium is needed according to selenium blood levels before starting selenium in the trial. Side effects will be evaluated, as will recruitment rates. This will determine the feasibility of developing a large randomised trial of selenium to reduce the recurrence rates for advanced adenomas in NZ. This trial will recruit 60 patients from Middlemore and Waikato Hospitals with an advanced adenoma removed through the Bowel Screening Programme. Patients will take one selenium compound, dosed at 50 mcg/day for 6 weeks then 100 mcg/day for 6 weeks, and will have blood tests at baseline, then blood tests and evaluation of side effects at 6 weeks and 12 weeks.

The aim of this study was evaluated the feasibility of bilateral intermediate cervical plexus blockade to be anesthesia for simple thyroid/parathyroid surgery.