Active clinical trials for "Adenoma"

Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is the third most common cancer in male and female worldwide. In India, it is the fourth most common cause of cancer in males and third most common cancer in female. Age, smoking, colonic adenomatous polyp, family history are traditional risk factor for CRC. The vast majority of CRC results from malignant transformation from adenoma, which is called as adenoma carcinoma sequence. These adenomatous polyps grows slowly over many years and malignant transformation eventually occurs over 10 years. So, the early detection and removal of polyp at early stage should benefit in preventing CRC.

To conduct a retrospective multicenter cohort study to define benchmark values for best achievable outcomes following transsphenoidal resection of pituitary adenomas.

Cancers of the upper gastro-intestinal tract, including esophagus (gullet), stomach and small bowel, are amongst the deadliest malignancies. The main reason for their high mortality rate is that they are usually diagnosed late when curative treatments are no longer effective. However, these types of cancer generally arise from well-described pre-cancerous diseases, such as Barrett's esophagus and gastric intestinal metaplasia. This provides an opportunity for clinicians to detect these pre-cancerous conditions early and offer adequate cure or clinical monitoring before they progress to cancer. A camera test (gastroscopy) is the gold-standard test to detect pre-cancerous diseases in these organs. There has been limited research to set the standards for performance of a gastroscopy, especially with regards to diagnosis of pre-cancerous conditions, which require knowledge and skills by the physician performing the test (endoscopist). Therefore, the hypothesis behind this study is that the aforementioned pre-cancerous diseases are understudied and often go undetected. This study aims to understand how often endoscopists should diagnose these pre-cancerous diseases on routine gastroscopy and help define the standards to measure performance. The investigators will assess the following rates: i. how often endoscopists diagnose these pre-cancerous lesions during endoscopy; ii. How often these conditions are diagnosed on biopsies taken according to a standardized protocol; iii. How often these condition should have been diagnosed by the endoscopists based on the review of pictures by expert endoscopists. The investigators will also compare the rates of correct diagnosis by endoscopists with different levels of experience and based on the times spent to complete the diagnostic test. Investigating these aspects will enhance the understanding of the medical community with regards to the diagnosis of these pre-cancerous lesions and set endoscopy standards to improve their early detection and treatment before they progress to cancer. This will translate to improved cancer prevention and benefit for patients.

Individualized colonoscopy withdrawal time is determined based on the different grade of physician experience and quality of bowel preparation.

Observational prospective multicenter study to investigate efficacy and safety of endoscopic full thickness resection in the lower GI tract using a novel over-the-scope full thickness resection device.

The main purpose of the study is to determine risk factors of poor bowel cleansing in patients referred for colon capsule endoscopy (CCE) examination. Patients will be prepared with polyethylene glycol (PEG), and a booster by using oral low volume sodium phosphate (NaP) and sodium-amidotrizoate and meglumine-amidotrizoate (Gastrografin ®) The investigators also will try to design a predictive score of poor bowel cleansing and to validate the Bowel cleansing score designed by Leighton and modified by Spada

Patients with colorectal cancer are known to be at high risk of developing metachronous adenoma, however, participation in colonoscopy are low. Colonoscopy, the primary modality used all over the word, is costly and invasive, and its efficacy depends on the endoscopist's skill and the patient's bowel preparation. As life expectancy of patients with history of colon cancer is increasing, colonoscopy would increase the overall cost for patients and for the health care system. This study aim to construct a predictive model of postoperative colorectal neoplasm development using microbiota analysis.

Majority of patients with hypertension have primary hypertension (without an underlying cause). Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common cause of secondary hypertension, and can be found in 5-10% of patients locally. PA is caused by excessive release of a hormone (aldosterone) from the adrenal glands, which can be unilateral (one gland) or bilateral (both glands). It has been shown that excess aldosterone has other harmful effects in addition to hypertension, such as directly affecting the heart, blood vessels, kidneys, leading to increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. This is supported by studies showing reversal of these effects after treatment for PA. The investigators aim to assess the long-term cardiovascular, and renal outcomes of patients with PA, compared to patients with essential hypertension.

The study aims are: To compare the diagnostic performance of parathyroid four-dimensional CT (4D-CT), scintigraphy, and ultrasound in patients who underwent parathyroid surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. To compare 4D-CT, scintigraphy, and ultrasound for the ability to perform focused parathyroidectomy, and for rates of persistent hyperparathyroidism and complications from parathyroid surgery. Methods The investigators will create a multicenter registry consisting of patients having parathyroid surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism from July 2009 to June 2016. Initial participating centers include Duke University Medical Center, University California Los Angeles (UCLA) and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS). There will be no intervention in the patient's treatment or imaging. The management will be determined by the surgeon or clinician supervising the patient's care. The registry will consist of patient data regarding basic demographics, history of prior neck/chest surgery or radiation, parathyroid imaging, biochemical evaluation, intraoperative surgical findings, parathyroid pathology, and surgical outcomes within the first 6 months (persistent disease, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, and hypoparathyroidism). Data will be entered into REDCap with no PHI. The investigators expect to include 3000 patients in the registry (1000 from Duke).

When a polyp is found, we begin to wash it and observe it with OE mode 1.Then,the endoscopist gives a real-time optical diagnosis and the future surveillance interval.Finally,the polyp will be resected for the biopsy.