Active clinical trials for "Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive"

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a significant current public health problem, characterized by the presence of limited airflow. However, COPD has important manifestations beyond the lungs, the so-called systemic effects. These included dysfunction of peripheral and respiratory muscles. The growing amount of evidence has shown that patients with COPD also present important deficits in postural balance and consequently, increased risk of falling. As an essential part of the management of COPD, pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) alleviates dyspnea and fatigue, improves exercise tolerance and health-related quality of life, and reduces hospital admissions and mortality for COPD patients. Exercise is the key component of PR, which is composed of exercise assessment and training therapy. Currently, two modalities of therapy have been suggested as complementary to pulmonary rehabilitation: inspiratory muscular training (IMT) and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). Based on the premise that peripheral and respiratory muscle dysfunction can negatively impact postural control of patients with COPD, and given the importance of balance as a modifiable risk factor for falls, it is important to investigate whether the use of these therapeutic modalities (IMT and/or NMES) is capable of improving the short-term effects of pulmonary rehabilitation and also promoting improved balance.

The goal of this randomized controlled trial is to investigate the effects of elastic tape in individuals with mild to very severe COPD. The main questions it aims to answer are: Does the ET influence on daily life physical activity (DLPA), dyspnea, health status, health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and anxiety and depression symptoms in individuals with COPD? Does the ET modify the perceived barriers to DLPA in individuals with COPD? The protocol lasted 21 days, including seven days of initial assessments and 14 days of intervention. Before baseline assessments, participants were randomly allocated into intervention (Elastic Tape Group, ETG, n=25) or control groups (CG, n=25). The ETG received ETs on the chest wall and abdomen for two consecutive weeks while the CG received instructions about the importance of becoming physical activity. The assessments were performed before and after 14 days of intervention. The ET placement was previously described by Pinto et al. (2020).

110 COPD patients who were participated in the PR program were included in the study. Resting Heart Rate , pulmonary functions, functional capacity, perception of dyspnea, quality of life and psychological symptoms compared before and after PR.

This study examines the implications of providing hospital-level care in rural homes.

This study has two parts. The main purpose of Part 1 of this study will be to examine how safe and effective two doses of SelK2 is on participants with mild asthma. Lung function and inflammatory cell numbers will be measured in response to the administration of an allergen (a compound to which the participant is allergic) into the lungs in the presence or absence of SelK2. Part 2 of this study will examine how safe and effective one dose of SelK2 is on participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Lung function and inflammatory cell numbers will be measured in COPD patients in the presence or absence of SelK2. SelK2 may block the movement of key inflammatory cells into the lungs and consequently improve lung function in these two patient populations.

To demonstrate the efficacy of inhaled tiotropium + olodaterol via Respimat® on lung function in patients with moderate to severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) with optimal and sub-optimal Peak Inspiratory Flow Rate (PIFR). Disease severity (moderate to severe) is based on the Global Initiative for Chronic Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines (GOLD 2 - 3)

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide. This disease progressively leads to dyspnea and exercise capacity impairment. Pulmonary rehabilitation teaches chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients to cope effectively with the systemic effects of the disease and improves exercise capacity, dyspnea and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the best training modality remains unknown. Physiological studies highlight the benefit of high intensity endurance training. However, many patients do not tolerate such a training due to ventilatory limitation and dyspnea. Therefore, a strategy to reduce dyspnea would allow a greater physiological muscle solicitation and improvement. Thus, many studies focus on means to increase exercise tolerance in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Nasal high flow delivers heated and humidified high flow air (up to 60 L/min) through nasal cannula providing physiological benefits such as positive airway pressure and carbon dioxide washout. It can be used in association with oxygen and offers the advantage to overtake the patient's inspiratory flow, providing a stable inspired fraction of oxygen. Nasal high flow has widely been studied in pediatric and adult intensive care units and seems better than conventional oxygen therapy and as effective as noninvasive ventilation with regards to mortality to treat hypoxemic acute respiratory failure. More recently, nasal-high flow has been shown to improve endurance exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. However, the underlying physiological mechanisms have not been yet elucidated but may help to optimise the utilization of the device. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to assess the respiratory physiological effects nasal high-flow during-exercise in stable patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Secondary objectives are to assess the effects nasal high-flow during-exercise on endurance capacity, respiratory drive, dynamic hyperinflation, cardiorespiratory pattern and muscular metabolism.

This is a randomized, blinded, controlled clinical trial for mexican COPD patients. Biomass smoke associated COPD (BS-COPD) clinical spectrum is different to the one seen in tobacco smoke associated COPD (TS-COPD). BS-COPD patients present COPD-asthma phenotype or asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), TS-COPD patients present mostly the emphysema phenotype. BS-COPD patients have a greater risk of exacerbations in comparison to the emphysema phenotype. Therefore, individualizing treatment in both phenotypes may be very useful among the clinical practitioners. The investigators expect treatment with FF/V to be superior in preventing COPD exacerbations than the U/V combination in patients with COPD-asthma phenotype; andU/V to be superior than FF/V in patients with the emphysema phenotype. The general objective of the study is to determine the exacerbations outcome in patients with COPD-asthma vs emphysema phenotype patients, treated with both drugs. Secondary objectives include assessment of pulmonary function tests, quality of life, dyspnea and functional capacity change after a 24 weeks treatment.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), non-specific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are severe, progressive, irreversibly incapacitating pulmonary disorders with modest response to therapeutic interventions and poor prognosis. Prompt and accurate diagnosis is important to enable patients to receive appropriate care at the earliest possible stage to delay disease progression and prolong survival. Artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted digital lung auscultation could constitute an alternative to conventional subjective operator-related auscultation to accurately and earlier diagnose these diseases. Moreover, lung ultrasound (LUS), a relevant gold standard for lung pathology, could also benefit from automation by deep learning.

Background: Non-invasive ventilation (NIV) reduces respiratory load and demands on peripheral muscles. Methods: This study aims to evaluate the acute effects of bi-level NIV on peripheral muscle function during isokinetic exercise and aerobic performance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. This is a pilot crossover study performed with a non-probabilistic sample of 14 moderate to very severe COPD patients. Procedures carried out in two days. Dyspnea, quality of life, lung function, respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity (6-minute walk test - 6MWT), and isokinetic assessment of the quadriceps were assessed. Blood samples (lactate, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase concentration) were also collected. Right after, NIV was performed for 30 minutes (bi-level or placebo, according to randomization) followed by new blood sample collection, 6MWT, and isokinetic dynamometer tests. Before and after evaluations, the subjective perception of dyspnea and fatigue in the lower limbs was quantified. After a wash-out period of seven days, participants returned, and all assessments were performed again.