Active clinical trials for "Airway Obstruction"

The purpose of this investigation is to obtain more information on the efficacy and safety of respiratory training methods with WellO2 in patients with asthma and COPD. Such a training may offer an additional, non-pharmacological way for treatment and therapy of asthma and COPD.

Guedel pattern or oropharyngeal airways (OPA) maintain an open oral airway in unconscious or semi-conscious patients by preventing the tongue from covering the epiglottis, but OPA placement carries a risk of inducing gag reflex and vomiting. Although various sizes are available, the design of the OPA has undergone little change since its introduction in the 1920s. The purpose of this study is to determine the utility of a novel airway device, the ManMaxAirway (MMA), as an alternative to the OPA.

Patients suffering from pathology of posterior eye chamber such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal detachment, traumatic eye injury, retained lens fragments, macular hole, pucker, dislocated intraocular lens after cataract surgery or vitreomacular traction are often subjected to pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). PPV is minimally invasive endo-microscopic operation usually performed in topical anesthesia combined with sub-Tenon or retrobulbar block done by surgeon, supplemented by intravenous analgo-sedation given by anesthesiologist. Continuous infusion and dose adjustment of intravenous anesthetics applied should procure moderate sedation and preservation of patients' spontaneous ventilation. However, despite carefully applied anesthetics and standard low-flow nasal oxygenation (LFNO) (5 L/min O2 via nasal catheter), inadequate spontaneous breathing can occur leading to low blood oxygen level (hypoxia). Obese patients are susceptible to hypoxia and hypercapnia (high CO2 blood level) during analgo-sedation. Respiratory instability of obese patients is often associated to their subsequent circulatory instability (heart rate and blood pressure disorders). On the other hand, high-flow nasal oxygenation (HFNO) is usually used during anesthesia induction when difficult maintenance of airway patency is expected, in intensive care units during weaning patients from mechanical respirator and in postanesthesia care units during awakening from anesthesia. It can deliver 20 to 70 L/min, up to 100% inspiratory fraction of O2 (FiO2) to patient. High oxygen/air flow produces 3-7 cmH2O of continuous pressure in patients' upper airways therefore providing better oxygenation. Oxygen/air mixture delivered by HFNO is humidified and heated, thus more comfortable to patient than dry and cold LFNO. Aim of this study is to compare effect of HFNO to LFNO during intravenously applied standardized analgo-sedation given for PPV in obese adult patients. Investigators hypothesize that obese patients, whose breathing pattern is preserved, receiving HFNO vs. LFNO during standardized analgo-sedation for PPV will be more respiratory and circulatory stable, preserving normal blood O2 and CO2 level, breathing pattern, heart rate and blood pressure.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of four interventional pulmonology techniques for the treatment of malignant central airway stricture. The four techniques are： cryotherapy argon plasma coagulation stent snare

The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of an radioactive airway stent loaded with 125I seeds compared to a conventional airway stent in patients with malignant airway obstruction caused by both primary and metastatic malignant tumors.

this study aim to compare the effect of early rehabilitation program on mechanical ventilated COPD patient in Respiratory ICU to those using current standard care as regarding : morbidity and thirty day mortality diaphragm function and weaning outcomes. disease exacerbation Duration spent on ventilator. Length of ICU stay

The most frequent causes of mouth breathers are the adenotonsillar hypertrophy. Adenotonsillectomy is the main choice for the elimination of the obstruction. However, this surgical treatment does not have its effect well elucidated and apnea has been cited in the literature as a residual outcome. Other types of supporting treatment may also been involved such as the use of corticosteroids, physiotherapy and orthodontic-orthopedic treatment, among them rapid maxillary expansion (RME). RME corrects the morphological constriction of the upper arch caused by buccal breathing and also reduce the airway resistance. Despite reports of RME influencing volume enhancement in pharyngeal airway, there are still few three-dimensional studies following the post-expansion effects. In addition, these changes are doubtful due postural changes of the tongue during the tomography exam. Conflicts of results are also present for changes in the nasal septum of children. The main alteration mentioned is the increase in the length of the lower third of the septum. The investigators propose a randomized, prospective, controlled clinical trial in patients with atresic maxilla with or without adenotonsillar hypertrophy. The patients will be treated with RME and adenotonsillectomy when the obstruction is present. The purpose of this study is elucidate if there is different outcomes considering the moment of RME treatment before or after the adenotonsillectomy.

Upper airway obstruction (UAO) is a frequently occurring complication during induction of general anesthesia. The American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) closed claim analysis of anesthesia complications indicate that a difficult airway is one of the most challenging scenarios continuously facing anesthesia providers. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia has not been well understood. Posterior displacement of soft palate, tongue and epiglottis are believed to be the primary contributing factors. Obesity is well known to be an essential characteristic which reflects propensity to UAO. The mechanism of UAO during anesthesia shares many similarities with the upper airway obstruction observed during obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) via nasal mask (NM) can maintain the airway patent with near 100% success in patients with OSA. Obesity is a major risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea and obese patients have a higher prevalence of UAO during anesthesia. Therefore, the investigators hypotheses that nCPAP should eliminate airway obstruction in obese patients under anesthesia. The investigators propose to test this hypothesis and determine the efficacy of nCPAP on maintaining airway patency in obese patients who require general anesthesia.

This study looks to devise a scoring system that can be used to predict difficult front of neck access due to increased depth of cricothyroid membrane. This study will recruit elective patients undergoing operations for a variety of procedures and correlate their measured (by ultrasound) cricothyroid depth with other difficult airway predictors (such as Mallampatti score).

In preschool aged children, the most suitable techniques to assess airway obstruction is debit interruption technic (Rint) and plethysmographic measure of specific airway resistance (sRaw). Even if Rint is easily and routinely performed, it also includes a component of lung tissue and chest wall resistance as well as respiratory tissue viscoelasticity. sRaw seems to be better for discriminating airway obstruction. These two techniques will be compared in terms of concordance in the diagnosis of pulmonary obstruction and bronchodilator response.