Active clinical trials for "Alcoholism"

The study harnessed the multidisciplinary expertise of our research team to develop a brief, computer-based, alcohol reduction intervention tailored for HIV/HCV co-infected women and evaluate its efficacy. The intervention, if effective, may be an efficient and cost-effective alcohol reduction strategy, that is scalable and can be readily disseminated and integrated in clinical care at other AIDS Centres in Russia to enhance women's health and reduce HIV/HCV transmission risk.

The Alcohol Drinkers' Exposure to Preventive Therapy for TB (ADEPTT) will examine the safety and tolerability of, and adherence to, 6 months of daily INH (6H) in 300 TB and HIV-infected persons (200 drinkers and 100 non-drinkers) in Uganda. The first aim is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of 6H overall and by level of alcohol use. The second aim is to estimate adherence and compare adherence by level of alcohol use and at 3 and 6 months. Self-reported measures of alcohol use will be augmented by phosphatidylethanol (PEth), an established biomarker of alcohol use. Objective measures of adherence will include electronic pill bottle monitoring and a novel measure of INH exposure, INH concentration in hair. The study will actively monitor for hepatotoxicity using the U.S. standard of care for TB preventive therapy for heavy drinkers and discontinue if any Grade 3/4 toxicities are detected. The investigators will use the safety, tolerability, and adherence results, together with the known efficacy and mortality benefit of TB preventive therapy in HIV-infected persons in SSA, and an established decision analytic model of TB preventive therapy to conduct the third aim: to determine whether the benefits of TB preventive therapy outweigh the toxicity risks for HIV-infected drinkers in resource limited settings. The study will additionally follow the cohort every 6 months after completing INH to monitor drinking and the development of active TB.

The purpose of this study is to 1) examine cognitive acuity following e-cig use (as compared to no e-cig use), 2) examine motor coordination following beer and e-cig use (as compared to beer consumption only).

This study combines functional MRI with medication treatment in order to understand the neural mechanisms by which disulfiram, a currently approved medication for alcohol use disorder, changes behavior. Disulfiram is a medication that prevents drinking by causing a highly unpleasant physical reaction when alcohol is consumed while it is being taken. Thus, it provides a means for studying the general neural mechanisms by which awareness of risks impacts behavior change in alcohol use disorder.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of tolcapone on decision making and alcohol intake using a laboratory bar (on-site alcohol self-administration) in alcohol drinkers.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether oxytocin will decrease craving to use drugs/alcohol and stress reactivity following exposure to laboratory-induced stress among Active Duty Service Members with a dual diagnosis of alcohol/substance use disorder (ASUD) and post-traumatic anxiety.

Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD) form a major public health issue in India. In a densely populated country with limited mental health resources, it is challenging to treat those with AUD appropriately. Detoxification is the first step in dealing with clinically significant AUD. Institution based detoxification is not universally available and home based detoxification is mired with poor outcomes with people resuming drinking behaviour. This trail therefore aimed to study the effect of a psychosocial intervention to improve the outcome of domiciliary alcohol detoxification. The intervention involved Brief Interventions for alcohol and daily telephone monitoring and psychosocial support of patients undergoing home detoxification.

With the increasing aging population demographics and life expectancies, the number of very elderly patients undergoing surgery is rising. Elderly patients constitute an increasingly large proportion of the high-risk surgical group. Cardiac complications and postoperative pulmonary complications are equally prevalent and contribute similarly to morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay. Specific optimization strategy of general anesthesia has been tested in high-risk patients undergoing major surgery to improve outcomes. Our hypothesis is that a combined optimization strategy of anesthesia concerning hemodynamic, ventilation, and depth of anesthesia may improve short- and long- term outcome in elderly undergoing high risk surgery.

Major barriers to controlling cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in India and elsewhere are: low detection rates, inadequate use of evidence based interventions and low adherence with these interventions. Primary health care is the appropriate setting for improving the prevention and management of these chronic conditions. The investigators will develop and evaluate an innovative mobile health (mHealth) software application -'m-WELLCARE'- which provides a patient health profile, decision support for clinical care, monitoring and feedback for use in Indian Community Health Centers (CHCs). The investigators will conduct this research following the steps proposed by the medical research council (MRC) for evaluation of complex interventions. Technical development of m-WELLCARE will be conducted, user acceptability appraised and potential barriers overcome. m-WELLCARE will be evaluated in CHCs of two states, Haryana and Karnataka. The use made of m-WELLCARE, its impact on patterns of health care received and changes in risk factors achieved will be evaluated.

The aims of the study are to develop and refine tailored motivational brief interventions that are parallel in structure but have varied delivery modalities (computer vs. therapist) for patients with at-risk or problematic alcohol use, and to conduct a randomized controlled trial comparing the efficacy of these BI approaches (CBI, TBI, control) on subsequent alcohol consumption and alcohol consequences, including alcohol-related injury, mental and physical-health functioning, and HIV risk behaviors at 3-, 6-, and 12-months post-ED visit.