Active clinical trials for "Alcoholism"

This study involves a randomized controlled trial that builds upon a successful pilot intervention study to address problematic and dangerous drinking among young adult college students studying abroad in foreign environments. Despite universities and colleges citing alcohol misuse as the most concerning issue for their students abroad, most institutions offer no empirically-based prevention efforts tailored to this at-risk population. The proposed intervention attempts to fill a major gap for the nearly 333,000 students completing study abroad programs each year by addressing empirically-based and theoretically-informed risk and protective factors of correcting misperceived peer drinking norms and promoting cultural engagement abroad. In addition to preventing heavy and problematic drinking, the intervention seeks to prevent risky behaviors and experience of sexual violence victimization, which are strikingly common among study abroad students and have the potential for lasting physical and psychological effects upon return home. The investigators will conduct a randomized controlled trial of a developed intervention with a sample of 1,200 college students studying abroad from 35 U.S. universities and colleges. The brief, online intervention is text and video based and contains evidence-based components of personalized normative feedback to correct students' misperceived drinking norms, content to promote engagement with the cultural experience abroad and addressed difficulties adjusting to life in the foreign environment, and tips and strategies to prevent risky sexual behaviors and sexual violence victimization abroad. Participants will complete online surveys at five time points (predeparture, first month abroad, last month abroad, one-month post-return, and three-months post-return) to assess for intervention effects on drinking, risky sex, and sexual violence outcomes. The investigators will examine whether the mechanisms targeted by the intervention (changes in perceived norms, engagement in the cultural experience abroad) serve as mediators of intervention efficacy.

High volume drinking by young adults has proven resistant to change, so new approaches are needed. We adapt a theory-based attitude change strategy for use in alcohol prevention. This research tests the impact of brief writing and advocacy activities on subsequent drinking and negative consequences.

This study examines the effectiveness of Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP) in reducing both alcohol consumption and depressive symptoms in adults who are chronically depressed and alcohol dependent.

A substantial percentage of individuals with bulimia nervosa (BN) also meet criteria for a co-occurring substance use disorder, such as alcohol abuse or dependence; however, research examining this sub-group of patients with BN is limited. Understanding characteristics common to both eating and alcohol use disorders may enhance understanding of the mechanisms that could contribute to the co-occurrence and perpetuation of these disorders. Individuals with BN and alcohol use disorders appear to share some behavioral traits, and therefore, the primary aim of the current study is to compare patients with BN with and without an alcohol use disorder and normal controls on measures assessing an individual's mood and ability to perform certain tasks. Participants will be asked to complete computer-administered and paper-and-pencil assessments and two laboratory test meals on separate days. By probing the underpinnings of BN and alcohol use disorders, the investigators can determine whether these disorders have a shared diathesis, which will lay an essential foundation for future research to examine biological and genetic correlates of these disorders. Finally, as little is known about the treatment of patients with BN and a co-occurring alcohol use disorder, an exploratory aim of the current study is evaluate the suitability and efficacy of a 20-session cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) addressing both bulimic symptoms and alcohol use.

Forty 18-year-old social drinkers will be selected from the sample tested in specific aim 1 ("Prospective Assessment of Adolescent Drinking Trajectories With Computer-Assisted Self-administration of Ethanol (CASE)"; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01063166). The functional magnetic resonance imaging blood-oxygen-level-dependent (fMRI BOLD) activity related to disinhibition measured with the Stop Signal task will be assessed during a continuous infusion of alcohol, clamping the arterial Breath Alcohol Concentration (aBAC) at 60 mg% for approximately one hour. It will be examined whether this fMRI BOLD activity is associated with the initial drinking trajectories and the alcohol consumption at age 18 and at age 20 identified in specific aim 1. Furthermore, fMRI will be used with the Taylor Aggression Paradigm to determine which brain areas mediate increased physical aggression during the same continuous infusion of alcohol as described above. All participants will undergo an alcohol and a placebo fMRI session.

Detoxification, in an inpatient or outpatient program, is the primary and essential step for managing alcohol dependence. The superiority of one or other method of detoxification has never been proved in several previous randomized clinical trials (RCT). The aim of this multicenter RCT was to compare efficiency, on the abstinence rate as the primary outcome, at 1 and 3 months follow-up of two alcohol detoxification programs (a 5/7-days inpatient detox vs. an ambulatory detox).

People with chronic mental disorder such as schizophrenia and alcohol abuse are high risk groups for developing osteoporosis. To evaluate the prevalence of bone mineral density in men patients with schizophrenia with alcohol abuse, the investigators will compare bone mineral density between patient with schizophrenia with and without alcohol abuse.

Patients with alcohol use disorders are often cared for in the intensive care unit (ICU). We estimate that close to half of the patients we care for in our ICU have alcohol use disorders. One of the reasons that patients with alcohol use disorders are frequently cared for in our ICU is because patients with alcohol use disorders are at higher risk of developing infections. The medical term for infections is sepsis. When an infection develops, patients with alcohol use disorders tend to get more severely ill compared to patients who do not have alcohol use disorders. Patients with alcohol use disorders are also at higher risk of dying when they develop severe infections. The purpose of this study is to determine why patients with alcohol use disorders become more severely ill when they develop infections. There are a number of reasons why this is possible. One reason is that a hormone called cortisol is higher in individuals with alcohol use disorders (who do not have infections). This hormone is also higher in patients who are at increased risk of dying from severe infections. One of the aims of this study is to see if cortisol levels are higher in patients with alcohol use disorders compared to those who do not have alcohol use disorders. Another reason why patients with alcohol use disorders are at increased risk of developing infections is because their immune system is not functioning properly. A second aim of this study is to see if certain markers of immune function are different in patients with alcohol use disorders compared to patients without alcohol use disorders. Patients with alcohol use disorders are also more likely to become confused when they are in the ICU. This condition is called delirium. Delirium is marked by abrupt onset of altered level of consciousness, disorganized thinking, and inattention that changes over time. Delirium tremens is one form of delirium. About 80% of our ICU patients develop delirium, and many patients who do not have alcohol use disorders develop the disorder as well. Patients with alcohol use disorders who have high cortisol levels have a higher chance of developing delirium compared to patients with normal cortisol levels. A third aim of this study is to examine the relationship between delirium and cortisol in both patients with and without alcohol use disorders.

This research evaluates a tool designed for measurement-based care in addiction treatment. Patients in addiction treatment will be invited to complete weekly measures indicating treatment progress and goals. For half the patients, their addiction treatment clinician will be able to view their weekly progress and goals via a secure dashboard. The research will test the feasibility and acceptability of the measurement-based care tool and will evaluate its impact on within-session discussion topics and clinical outcome measures.

Due to the relapsing nature of alcoholism, excessive alcohol consumption represents a significant cost to US society ($249 billion in 20101). About 64% of those entering treatment will relapse within one year. New interventions targeting the underlying brain biomarkers of relapse vulnerability hold significant promise in reducing this critical public health problem. Using resting functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we have identified brain biomarkers that support long-term abstinence and brain biomarkers that predict relapse. Our data point to specific brain biomarkers that index higher relapse vulnerability at 11 weeks of abstinence. Many individuals, however, have already relapsed by this time. It is unknown whether these biomarkers can be identified earlier during the recovery period. We need to investigate whether this biomarker of relapse vulnerability can be identified during earlier stages of abstinence. Earlier identification of this biomarker will give valuable information for timely targeted interventions (e.g. closer monitoring, longer stay in treatment program, neuromodulation), increasing the chances of maintaining abstinence. The overall objective of this study is to identify biomarkers of relapse during early abstinence (2-3 weeks of abstinence). A secondary objective is to evaluate whether non-imaging measures such as craving6 and executive function7 add value to prediction models. Findings from this proposal will provide insight into the neurobiology of relapse vulnerability that will inform new treatment strategies needed to improve treatment outcome.