Active clinical trials for "Hypersensitivity"

This study is planned to evaluate if linagliptin can improve insulin sensitivity in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, the effect of linagliptin on pancreatic function will be studied.

The polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects about 10% of reproductive-age women. Women with PCOS are at a higher risk of gestational diabetes, which may lead to more pregnancy complications. It is unknown if there are factors that may predict which women are more at risk. The goal of this study is to evaluate the risk factors of gestational diabetes, such as dietary and physical activity factors, race, and how the body handles its own hormones during pregnancy. Our long term goal is to contribute in finding ways to successfully prevent gestational diabetes.

Cow's milk allergy (CMA) affects up to 3% of European children. In the absence of an alternative to cow's milk, the management of CMA is based on the use of safe, affordable and nutritionally adequate formulas. In Scientific Societies Guidelines, extensively hydrolyzed casein formula (EHCF) is considered as safe first line approach for the treatment of children with CMA, whereas amino acid-based formula (AAF) is considered as second line strategy in children reacting to EHCF or as first line approach in children with CMA-induced anaphylaxis. Few and not recent studies, involving a poorly characterized study population, suggested that up to 10% of CMA children could react to the extensively hydrolysed formulas. It has been demonstrated that EHCF supplemented with L.rhamnosus GG (LGG) maintains hypoallergenic status and that is able to accelerate oral tolerance acquisition in children with CMA comparing with other formulas. The purpose of this study is to investigate the feasibility of a "step-down" approach in children affected by Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated CMA with the aim to evaluate the effects of EHCF + LGG on oral tolerance acquisition and on immune response and gut microbiota shaping.

This is a single center, single arm, open and exploratory clinical study, with 50 cases planned for a period of 2 years. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the consistency and accuracy of Patient-Derived Organoid Model of breast cancer to predict the clinical efficacy of the drug, as well as the possibility of guiding the neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

The aim of this study is through a double blind randomized clinical trial, evaluate the effectiveness of different clinical protocols in the reduction of dentin hypersensitivity. The desensitization approach (single agent or associated agents) and the long-term effectiveness (baseline, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 12 weeks and 24 weeks) will be evaluated. Data will be collected, tabulated and submitted to statistical analysis.

Type 2 diabetes results from a combination of peripheral insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction, and manifests as fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia. In Singapore, despite the relatively low prevalence of overweight and obesity, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is disproportionately high and is expected to double in the near future. This indicates that insulin resistance and beta-cell dysfunction are widely prevalent even among individuals who are not overweight or obese. Still, weight loss induced by a variety of ways (calorie restriction, exercise, surgery, etc.) is considered the cornerstone of diabetes treatment. This underscores the importance of negative energy balance in improving metabolic function. In fact, negative energy balance induced by calorie restriction can improve metabolic function acutely, i.e. within 1-2 days and before any weight loss occurs. Likewise, negative energy balance induced by a single session of aerobic exercise improves metabolic function over the next few days. However, the magnitude of negative energy balance that needs to be achieved in order to improve metabolic function, as well as possible dose-response relationships, are not known. Furthermore, the comparative efficacy of calorie restriction vs. exercise in improving metabolic function has never been directly assessed. Accordingly, a better understanding of the effects of acute negative energy balance induced by calorie restriction or aerobic exercise on insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function will have important implications for public health, by facilitating the design of effective lifestyle (diet and physical activity) interventions to prevent or treat type 2 diabetes. To test these hypotheses, whole-body insulin sensitivity, the acute insulin response to glucose, and the disposition index (i.e. beta-cell function), will be determined the morning after a single day of progressively increasing negative energy balance (equivalent to 20% or 40% of total daily energy needs for weight maintenance) induced by calorie restriction or aerobic exercise. Results from this project are expected to result in the better understanding of the effects of negative energy balance induced by diet and exercise on metabolic function. Therefore, this project may help in the design of effective lifestyle intervention programs for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.

To investigate the survival benefit of first-line therapy for patients with EGFR-sensitive mutation-positive advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer treated with S-1plus gefitinib versus gefitinib monotherapy

The purpose of this study is testing the use E-B-FAHF-2 Chinese herbal therapy in combination with multi-food oral immunotherapy (OIT) and Xolair® (Omalizumab) to help children and adults who are allergic to foods be able to safely tolerate food allergens. Specifically in this protocol, the food allergens are milk, egg, peanut, almond, cashew, hazelnut, walnut, sesame, and/or wheat. Omalizumab is considered an investigational drug for the treatment of food allergies in children and adults. Investigational means it has not been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the U.S. The researchers hope to learn whether the addition of Chinese herbal therapy (E-B-FAHF-2) can improve the outcome of sustained unresponsiveness (which is the ability to consume a food allergen and pass an oral food challenge after being off treatment for 3 months) as compared to placebo (i.e. subjects with OIT/Omalizumab + herbal vs. OIT/Omalizumab + placebo), and will help adults and children be able to safely ingest the foods they are allergic to.

Background: Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is defined as high sensitivity of the vital dentin when exposed to thermal, chemical or tactile stimuli. Two mechanisms are required for the occurrence of DH: 1) the dentin must be exposed and 2) the dentinal tubules must be open and connected to the pulp. Molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a qualitative abnormality of a genetic origin that affects tooth enamel and, in most cases, is accompanied by DH. The control of tooth sensitivity is fundamental to the successful treatment of MIH. Objective: The aim of the proposed randomized, controlled, clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of different protocols for the control of DH in patients with teeth affected by MIH. Methods: One hundred forty patients who meet the inclusion criteria will be allocated to four groups. Group 1 will be the control group (placebo). In Group 2, sensitive teeth will be sealed with Permaseal (Ultradent). In Group 3, sensitive teeth will receive low-level laser (LLL) (AsGaAl) at a wavelength of 780 nm (Laser XT Therapy, DMC, São Carlos, SP, Brazil). In Group 4, sensitive teeth will be treated with both LLL and Permaseal (Ultradent). DH will be evaluated 15 min after the application of the treatments and the patients will be reevaluated one week, one month, three months and six months after the treatments. Discussion: This study will enable the determination of differences in the effectiveness of the proposed treatments as well as differences among the evaluation times for each proposed treatment.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the Desensitizing efficacy of polymeric nano calcium fluoride containing varnish and its implementation into clinical practice.