Active clinical trials for "Hypersensitivity"

Food allergies are associated with a decrease in quality of life. Patients with FPIES often have more food avoidance than necessary. The greater the number of avoided foods, the greater the risk of eating disorders. To date, no study about quality of life or assessment of eating difficulties has been performed in a French-speaking pediatric population with FPIES or celiac disease

Background : Although the hypersensitivity reactions to cephalosporins have been recently a more focused subject, studies on the cephalosporin as an allergen are significantly less frequent that those regarding penicillins. Most of the available data regards cephalosporin sensitization in patients previously allergic to penicillin. Like penicillins, cephalosporins represent one of the most prescribed classes of antibiotics. The diagnosis of cephalosporin hypersensitivity is based mainly on clinical history, skin tests (ST) and drug provocation tests (DPT). This succession of tests, performed in specialized services, allows to eliminate responsibility for the drug in many cases (80-85%). The drug allergy work-up also allows to identify profiles of allergy to cephalosporins, with different patterns of cross-reactivity. Objective: To analyse the characteristics of patients studied in our Unit for suspicion of cephalosporin hypersensitivity. Methods: This retrospective study will comprise all the patients who attended the allergy service of the UH of Montpellier from 1997 till 2018 with a clinical history evocative of cephalosporin drug hypersensitivity reaction (DHR), who underwent a drug allergy work up and who gave their consent to be included in the study . The Patients are selected from the Drug Allergy & Hypersensitivity Database (DAHD).

The topological perception theory proposed a precise description for how one organizes the visual world that eliminates the vagueness of subjective phenomenology. In addition, the topological theory challenges the dominant computational view on the part-to-whole hierarchy of visual information processing. Lines of evidence from adult psychophysics, brain imaging data, and even honeybee's behavior have supported the notion that the global topological properties are the very primitives of visual representation. However, the question of how the sensitivity to topological properties originates during development has not been explored much. In a previous study, the investigators found that 2- to 6 month old infants could reliably discriminate stimuli based on topological differences, but failed to do so based on geometric differences. Using familiarization/novelty preference procedure, the present study intends to explore the visual sensitivity for topological properties in newborn infants. Experiment 1 focuses on whether neonates can discriminate a disk (no hole) and a ring (with a hole) that are topologically different, and/or a disk (no hole) and a triangle (no hole) that are geometrically different. Experiment 2 focuses on whether neonates can detect a change in the number of holes and/or the size of the hole. If newborn infants are only sensitive to topological properties and not to geometric properties, this will be a strong proof for the claim that topological property is the very "primitive" visual representation at empirical as well as theoretical level.

The aim is to assess the population prevalence of risk factors for different chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, osteoporosis, asthma, and allergy. Risk factors include genetic and serologic biomarkers, questionnaire data on health and lifestyle. There are many hypotheses under study for each research field.

Recently, an index based on the oral insulin sensitivity index with glucose (OGIS) has been proposed in combination with anthropometric variables, called PREDIcted M (PREDIM), however, there is no evidence of the correlation of this with respect to the various indices (McAuley, Belfiore, Cederholm, Avignon, Matsuda, Gutt, Stumvoll, HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance), ISI (Insulin Sensitivity Index), Raynaud, QUICKI (The quantitative insulin sensitivity check index), FIRI (Fasting Insulin Resistance Index), Bennett, TyG (triglycerides and glucose index)) in healthy patients.

Self-reported food hypersensitivity is common, particularly in women, with a reported prevalence of about 20% in the UK community. A wide range of gastrointestinal and systemic symptoms may be experienced related to consumption of the intolerant food(s). In addition, patients demonstrate considerably more generalized subjective health complaints in comparison with healthy controls. In this context, it has been reported that a consistent percentage of the general population consider themselves to be suffering from problems caused by wheat and/or gluten ingestion, even though they do not have celiac disease or wheat allergy. This clinical condition has been named non-celiac gluten sensitivity' (NCGS). In a previous paper the investigators suggested the term 'non-celiac wheat sensitivity' (NCWS), since it is not known what component of wheat causes the symptoms in NCGS patients, and the investigators also showed that these patients had a high frequency of coexistent multiple food hypersensitivity. In a previous study, the investigators demonstrated, in a population of teenagers, a frequency of self-reported NCWS of about 12%; the frequency of GFD use was 2.9%, which was much higher than the percentage of known CD in the same population (1.26%). The aims of this study were 1) to determine the prevalence of self-perceived wheat and/or gluten-sensitivity in patients undergoing digestive endoscopy, irrespective to the motivations of the test, and 2) to evaluate the demographic and clinical differences between patients self-reporting wheat and/or gluten sensitivity and patients not reporting food hypersensitivity.

Visceral hypersensitivity is frequent in IBS population up to 60% and is correlated with severity and altered quality of life. Sleeping troubles are most frequent in IBS population. Insomnia is a frequent disorder with an important cost for healthcare. Insomnia could decrease pain threshold. Visceral hypersensitivity was never measure in patients with insomnia. The hypothesis is IBS patients with insomnia probably have lower visceral pain threshold. The objective is to assess pain threshold during a barostat procedure in in IBS patients with or without insomnia in comparison with healthy volunteers or patients with insomnia. If the hypothesis are confirmed, insomnia should be look at in IBS patients and its treatments could improve visceral hypersensitivity and IBS symptoms.

The prevalence of food allergies has increased in recent decades, ranging from 1 to 3% of the general population. According to international literature and French national surveys, nuts today represent a group of allergens often associated with severe allergic reactions. They are responsible for 18 to 40% of deaths from food-related anaphylaxis. Among all nuts, the prevalence of anacardiac allergies (mainly cashew and pistachio) continues to increase and has become a growing public health problem. Today, global production is estimated at 4.9 million tonnes of cashews and 1.1 million tonnes of pistachios. The resulting increased exposure may explain the increased prevalence of allergic reactions reported to these fruits. In addition, anaphylactic reactions to anacardiaceae are reported to be even more severe than those occurring in subjects allergic to peanuts. Cashews and pistachios are known to exhibit immunological cross-reactions with one another. In fact, they have a strong sequential homology between their storage allergens Ana o 1 / Pis v 3 (7S vicilin, 78% homology); Ana o 2 / Pis v 2 (legume 11S, 80% homology) and Ana o 3 / Pis v 1 (albumin 2S, 70% homology). For this reason, some authors talk about the cashew / pistachio syndrome and associate the two allergenic sources by considering them as one, in clinical practice. The diagnosis of allergy to nuts, and therefore to anacardiaceae, is based on a compatible clinical history, the presence of specific IgE (demonstrated by positivity to realistic skin tests and serum IgE assay), and positivity on the oral food challenge test. In clinical practice, taking into account the cashew / pistachio syndrome, when the allergy work-up for cashew is negative, allergists tend to advise to reintroduce pistachio at home, considering the two allergens as sufficiently homologous to authorize such a practice. In this context, the investigators decided to check whether this practice, which is based mainly on in vitro homologies, is risk-free, based on the clinical experience of our center.

The concept of sensitive or reactive skin was evoked in 1947 and developed in the 1970s and is now widely recognized. The international pruritus society has proposed an international consensus definition: sensitive skin is defined as a syndrome manifested by the occurrence of unpleasant sensations (tingling, burning, pain, pruritus, tingling) in response to stimuli that normally do not not cause such sensations. The triggering factors can be cosmetics, water, cold, heat, temperature variations, wind ... etc. The physiopathological mechanisms are debated and several hypotheses exist. Sensitive skin can be considered as a decrease of the threshold of cutaneous tolerance. Sensitive skin is linked to abnormalities of the cutaneous nervous system, which becomes hyper-reactive. This hyperreactivity can be modulated by multiple factors. Exposure to cosmetics could be one of the main triggers for sensitive skin, especially for women. This can be explained by the wide use of cosmetics (in France women apply an average of 16 different cosmetics per day), by overconsumption of cosmetics, by exposure to potentially irritating ingredients. Sensitive skin would be less tolerant to the frequent and prolonged use of cosmetics. However, no precise information is available on the actual consumption of cosmetic products in the population with sensitive skin, in particular no data exists concerning the type of products used, the criteria of choice of products, the daily number of products used. and the ingredients contained in these cosmetics

PICOT elements:P: Teeth restored with indirect tooth colored restoration I: Immediate dentin sealing using universal adhesive C: Delayed dentin sealing O: Post-operative Hypersensitivity T: -Hypersensitivity assessment one week during provisionalization period and post-cementation S: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial