Active clinical trials for "Anus Neoplasms"

To establish maximum tolerated dose of the two cytotoxic drugs 5-fluoruracil and mitomycin C when given together with the antibody cetuximab in patients with locally advanced cancer in the anal region To evaluate acute toxicity To evaluate late toxicity To evaluate response rate To evaluate recurrence free survival To evaluate overall survival

This study evaluates the use of ABI-1968, a topical cream, in the treatment of anal precancerous lesions in adults with and without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.

This research trial studies extended follow up of young women in Costa Rica who received vaccine for human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 and unvaccinated controls. Collecting information from young women in Costa Rica who have received vaccine for human papillomavirus types 16 and 18 and a new group of unvaccinated controls enrolled for the follow-up period, may help doctors learn more about the risks and benefits of prophylactic human papillomavirus vaccine.

Patients with high trans-sphincteric anal fistula will be randomized to one of two equal group: group 1 will have drainage seton with mucosal advancement flap and group 2 will undergo external anal sphincter sparing seton

Treatment is based on radiochemotherapy for locally advanced tumours. The objective of treatment is to provide a cure without resorting to abdominoperineal amputation, while preserving sphincter function. The prognosis is mainly related to tumour size and lymph node invasion. The large majority of patients do not show any spread remote from the tumour at the time of diagnosis (2). Recurrences are mainly of a local/regional nature and require abdominoperineal amputation. This type of intervention is not always possible or complete, which then gives rise to the particularly distressing risk of local progression, with survival at 3 years of approximately 30% (3). It is therefore very important to achieve a complete and permanent tumour response from initial treatment with radiochemotherapy. Furthermore, the use of an anti-EGFR antibody in combination with exclusive radiotherapy in ENT cancer was able to increase recurrence-free survival and overall survival in these patients. These data are in favour of the use of a combination of chemotherapy and anti-EGFR antibodies in epidermoid cancer of the anus.

This phase II trial studies how well sacral nerve stimulation works in treating low anterior resection syndrome or fecal incontinence (the body's passage of stool without control) in patients with rectal cancer that has spread to nearby tissues or lymph nodes, or other pelvic cancer. Sacral nerve stimulation is a permanent implant that may improve bowel functions by stimulating the nerves that control the muscles related to bowel function.

Local excision for early rectal cancer has proven its feasibility and oncological safety. Indeed, lymph node invasion does not exceed 1% and 10% in pT1sm1 and pT1sm2 rectal carcinomas respectively. Two procedures are currently performed in these early cancers as well as in preneoplastic lesions. Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM), which has proven its superiority over traditional transanal excision, is a surgical approach associated with a 92% R0 excision rate, a survival comparable to radical anterior resection and a low morbidity. It consists of a full-thickness excision. The second procedure is a recently introduced technique: the endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), which encompasses only the mucosa and submucosa. ESD enables endoscopists to achieve higher en bloc resection rates than standard mucosectomy and is associated with a 88% R0 resection rate, which decreases to 65% in the subgroup of European series. Though very promising, the role of ESD remains controversial in malignant lesions with few published reports. There are therefore 2 different techniques with 2 different dissections (full-thickness vs. submucosal) to achieve the same oncological treatment. So far, only one retrospective single-center study including 63 patients has compared TEM and ESD in early rectal cancer without finding any difference between the 2 procedures, and there are no other available studies comparing TEM and ESD for any type of colorectal tumor. The aim of the present research is to compare ESD with TEM for early rectal cancer and rectal adenomas for short- and long-term outcomes.

RATIONALE: Palonosetron hydrochloride may prevent nausea and vomiting caused by radiation therapy. It is not yet known whether palonosetron hydrochloride is more effective than a placebo in preventing nausea and vomiting. PURPOSE: This randomized phase II trial is studying the side effects of palonosetron hydrochloride and to see how well it works in preventing nausea and vomiting caused by radiation therapy in patients with primary abdominal cancer.

The goal of this study is to determine the effects of message framing (gain vs. loss) on African American parents' acceptance of the HPV vaccine and how such effects are moderated by parents' salient beliefs prior to message exposure. Participants are randomized into gain and loss conditions in which they view either gain-framed or loss-framed HPV vaccination messages. Key outcome variables include parents' attitudes and intentions toward vaccinating their children against HPV.

Background: A cancer treatment has been developed called "gene transfer" or "gene therapy." It involves taking white blood cells from a person (called apheresis), genetically modifying the cells in a lab to recognize cancer, and then giving the cells back to the person. Researchers want to see if this treatment can help people with metastatic squamous cell anal cancer. Objective: To see if treating cancer with a person s own white blood cells that have been genetically modified can cause tumors to shrink. Eligibility: People who have metastatic squamous cell anal cancer for which standard treatments have not worked. Design: Participants will have had a tumor biopsy and apheresis to collect white blood cells under a separate protocol. Participants will stay at the hospital for 3 to 4 weeks. They will have an intravenous (IV) catheter placed in a large vein in the upper chest. Participants will get chemotherapy drugs (fludarabine and cyclophosphamide), the cell infusion, and aldesleukin through the IV. Pembrolizumab is given before and for three doses given every three weeks after the cell infusion. Aldesleukin will help the cells grow. Participants will take an antibiotic, antiviral, and antifungal by mouth. They will get an injection of filgrastim. It will stimulate the formation of white blood cells. Participants will have blood and urine tests. They will have physical exams. Their symptoms will be reviewed. They will have imaging scans. About 6 and 12 weeks after they finish treatment, participants will have safety follow-up visits. These visits will take 1 to 2 days. Participants will return to the Clinical Center every 3 to 6 months for 3 years, and then as determined by their doctor. They will be followed long term for up to 15 years on a separate study.