Active clinical trials for "Anus Neoplasms"

This study is being done to understand how many people with HIV (PWH) present for cancer care across the AIDS Malignancy Consortium in the United States and if there are reasons that some PWH choose to participate, or not in cancer clinical trials. Optional quality of life surveys will be used to learn more about how HIV and cancer and HIV and cancer treatment affect people.

The purpose of this study is to describe current knowledge and opinions about anal cancer screening among men who have sex with men (MSM), as well as their experience receiving guideline-compliant care aimed at anal cancer risk reduction using a large-scale survey disseminated via social media.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Infection by certain high-risk oncogenic types of HPV (HR-HPV) is the major cause of several cancers in men, notably squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anal canal. Rates of anal infection with these HR-HPV strains and the resultant high-grade anal dysplasia and anal cancer are much higher in men who have sex with men (MSM) than in the general population. Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) further amplifies this burden, making the rates of anal SCC in HIV-positive MSM higher than the historic rates of cervical cancer prior to the adoption of routine cervical cytology screening. Despite these alarming statistics, there are no established protocols for optimal screening and treatment of anal HPV and cancer precursors, nor has there been any widespread rollout of organized screening programs anywhere in Canada. Further, not only does HPV directly cause significant disease in these men, but there is growing epidemiologic evidence that HPV infection may enhance sexual transmission of HIV. These significant knowledge gaps translate into fundamental deficiencies in care for HIV-positive MSM. The HPV Screening and Vaccine Evaluation in MSM (HPV-SAVE) study team will recruit a large group of MSM from various Ontario and Vancouver clinics, in order to carry out a number of different studies. The HPV-SAVE team brings together community and internationally-recognized experts in HPV and HIV disease and mucosal immunology, to better define the optimal approaches for primary and secondary prevention and treatment of HPV-associated anal disease among HIV-positive MSM, and to explore biological mechanistic evidence regarding the potential role of HPV as a co-factor for HIV transmission. This will yield critical information which can lead to improvement in the health of MSM, and will provide a foundation on which to build further, large-scale screening and treatment trials on a national level. The primary aim of the current study is to systematically compare ablative therapy versus intensive observation alone (also known as 'watchful waiting') in outcomes relating to high-grade anal dysplasia.

This is an open-label, multicenter, multiple-ascending dose, FIH, Phase 1 study of RTX-321 for the treatment of patients that are HLA-A*02:01 positive with persistent, recurrent, or metastatic, unresectable, HPV 16+ cancers.

The main purpose of this study is to study the safety and effectiveness of ADXS11-001 when combined with standard chemotherapy and radiation treatment for anal cancer. ADXS11-001 is an investigational agent that is not approved by the FDA to treat anal cancer or any other cancer.

This is a prospective study of patients receiving radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for anal cancer. Treatment effect in terms of survival and local recurrence will be analyzed. The utility of PET-CT and MRI for radiotherapy and for prediction of treatment effect will be investigated. Molecular and genetic markers in tumor and blood will be analyzed for prognostic and predictive effects. Patient-reported outcomes, such as faecal incontinence, sexual dysfunction and quality of life will be assessed. A structured intervention program for management of late effects will be evaluated. Symptom relief of palliative radiotherapy will be investigated. The main purpose of the study is to increase the knowledge of anal cancer treatment, improve treatment results, and improve anal cancer survivor care.

Background: - Radiation and chemotherapy treatments for anal cancer can cause irritation of the skin that can lead to redness and tenderness, and in some cases can be so severe that it results in blistering or peeling of the skin during treatment. These conditions cause discomfort and may require breaks from radiation treatment. Researchers are interested in determining whether MTS-01, a drug that protects cells and tissues from the effects of radiation, can be given before radiation treatment to prevent these side effects and reduce the irritation of the skin during chemotherapy and radiation for anal cancer. Objectives: - To determine the safety and effectiveness of topical MTS-01 given before radiation in the groin and gluteal cleft of patients receiving combined radiation and chemotherapy for anal cancer. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have been diagnosed with cancer of the anal canal and are eligible to receive radiation and chemotherapy treatments. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical examination, medical history, blood tests, imaging studies and physical examination of the anal canal, and biopsies as needed to evaluate eligibility for treatment. Participants will be scheduled for radiation and chemotherapy treatments on the following schedule: Radiation given 5 days per week for 6 weeks, with topical MTS-01 treatment on the skin in the groin areas and between the buttocks before each treatment Mitomycin C given intravenously on days 1 and 29 of treatment 5-Fluorouracil given intravenously over 4 days (first week and fifth week) during radiation treatment Participants will be monitored throughout the treatment for side effects, with photographs of the treatment area and frequent blood tests. Following the end of radiation, participants will have followup visits for 1 year with blood tests and imaging studies to evaluate the response to treatment.

This study determines whether a positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) 4-point scoring system may predict overall survival for anal squamous cell cancer patients. A 4-point scoring system involving imaging scans may help to predict how patients with anal squamous cell cancer respond to chemoradiation therapy.

A national study of a three year cohort consisting of all patients diagnosed with anal cancer in 2011- 2013 with data retrieval from three national registries: Cancer Registry, Patient registry and Cause of Death Registry all within the Swedish Board of Health and Welfare. All out- and inpatient visits with diagnoses, admission dates and discharge dates will be requested including. Patient documentation from the concerned hospitals will be collected and data on the details of the treatment collected retrospectively in a standardised fashion using a clinical record form. Comorbidity will be calculated using data from the Patient Registry using all main and co-diagnoses 2 years prior and then at least two years after treatment cessation. Detailed questionnaires will be sent out once at 2-3 years and a second time at about 6 years after index treatment.

RATIONALE: Radiation therapy uses high-energy x-rays to kill tumor cells. Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as fluorouracil and cisplatin, work in different ways to stop the growth of tumor cells, either by killing the cells or by stopping them from dividing. Monoclonal antibodies, such as cetuximab, can block tumor growth in different ways. Some block the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Others find tumor cells and help kill them or carry tumor-killing substances to them. Giving radiation therapy together with combination chemotherapy and cetuximab may kill more tumor cells. PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying giving radiation therapy together with cisplatin, fluorouracil, and cetuximab to see how well it works in treating patients with locally advanced anal cancer.