Active clinical trials for "Astrocytoma"

The purpose of the study is to determine the safety and efficacy of intracranially implanted Carmustine in the treatment of patients with primary malignant glioma.

Background: - The blood-brain barrier helps to protect the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) from harmful toxins, but also prevents potentially useful chemotherapy from reaching brain tumors. The barrier is formed by tight connections between blood vessel cells and molecules found on the surface of brain blood vessels such as Permeability-glycoprotein (Pgp). Pgp may influence whether patients with brain tumors known as gliomas respond to chemotherapy and what side effects they may experience. The compound (11C)N-desmethyl-loperamide ((11C)dLop) reacts to Pgp molecules, and therefore may be used with positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to study the blood brain barrier. Objectives: - To study the ability of PET imaging with (11C)dLop to evaluate the blood brain barrier in brain tumor patients. Eligibility: - Individuals at least 18 years of age who have a brain tumor with characteristics that may be imaged with techniques such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) andPET. Design: Participants will be screened with a full physical examination and medical history, blood and urine tests, and tumor imaging studies (fluorodeoxyglucose PET and MRI scans with contrast agent). The (11C)dLop scan will take 1 hour to perform. Participants will be asked to return for blood and urine tests approximately 24 hours after the PET scan. Participants will have followup visits at least every 4 months by repeating a complete history and physical exam and brain MRI. Participants may have repeat scans with (11C)dLop at various points in the course of cancer treatment, but will not have these scans more than twice in a 12-month period. Participants will be followed for as long as possible during treatment to see if imaging with (11C)dLop correlates with response to the treatments.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and biologically active dose of TM-601 in adult patients with recurrent malignant glioma.

The objectives of the trial are: To determine the localisation within the primary tumor of the therapy resistant cells, before and during radiotherapy to determine a possible accurate boost volume. To determine changes during treatment intra- and extratumoral within the irradiated area.(Intratumoral: change of up-take - decrease, increase, change of localization/ Extratumoral: effects of temporal changes in up-take - e.g. due to oedema).

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of 131I-TM601 in the treatment of adult patients with progressive or recurrent malignant gliomas.

Low grade gliomas (LGGs) are the most common primary central nervous system malignancies. Brain surgeries with the most possible extent of resection are endeavored to achieve longer survivals in LGG patients. For patients with tumor located in eloquent areas so that gross total resection is not applicable, National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) 2013 guidelines assigned both radiotherapy or chemotherapy as adjuvant treatments of low grade glioma following surgeries. Retrospective studies have suggested that temozolomide (an oral chemotherapeutics) chemotherapy have good effects on the control of tumor progression or recurrence in LGG patients after surgeries, especially in those with isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene mutations. Therefore, our prospective cohort study is to provide a higher level(IIb) of evidence for the correlation between IDH mutation and the responsiveness to up-front adjuvant metronomic temozolomide chemotherapy in young patients with LGG located in eloquent brain areas. And hopefully justify future RCTs with comparison between effects of adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy in these patients.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether Tranexamic Acid is effective or not in the reduction of intraoperative bleeding loss in brain tumors resections.

The purpose of the study is to determine the safety and efficacy of intracranially implanted Carmustine in the treatment of patients with recurrent malignant glioma.

This is a surgical biospecimen collection study. The purpose of this study is to understand how much of two drugs (dabrafenib and trametinib) are able to penetrate brain tumors and turn off the RAF signaling pathway. This is important because these drugs are currently FDA approved for other tumors and may have efficacy in brain tumors with the BRAF V600E mutation.

RATIONALE: Immunotoxins can locate tumor cells and kill them without harming normal cells. Immunotoxin therapy may be an effective treatment for glioblastoma multiforme and anaplastic astrocytoma. PURPOSE: Phase I trial to study the effectiveness of immunotoxin therapy in treating children who have progressive or recurrent glioblastoma multiforme or anaplastic astrocytoma