Active clinical trials for "Aortic Aneurysm"

Can software be developed to automatically aid in the measurement of abdominal aortic aneurysms, and is there a way to predict future rupture or growth of abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Managing abdominal aortic aneurysms currently relies on diameter assessment with ultrasound. Diameter reproducibility with two-dimensional ultrasound is challenging, and requires experienced operators. A novel automatic three-dimensional ultrasound system has the potential to facilitate more precise diameter measurements than two-dimensional ultrasound. This study aimed to assess the variance of abdominal aortic aneurysm diameter measurements among ultrasound novices and experts by comparing two-dimensional ultrasound with the three-dimensional ultrasound system in a clinical setting. Ten patients under abdominal aortic aneurysm surveillance were examined by 29 ultrasound-operators: 13 experts and 16 novices. The experts were sonographers and physicians highly experienced in abdominal aortic aneurysm ultrasound, and the novices were medical students and junior residents with sparse ultrasound experience.

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) is a known vascular entity that may be life threatening condition .The most common treatment approach nowadays is the endovascular approach, a procedure known as endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). The most common procedure related complication is the expansion of the aneurysm from a "feeding vessel", usually a lumbar or intercostal artery. Another known complication is an endoleak from the stentgraft.Today, accepted EVAR follow up protocol consists of one multiple multiphasic CT angiography (CTA) scan, one month after the procedure and ultrasound exams there after . Ultrasonography is a useful method for detection and evaluation of AAA, has no ionizing radiation and is useful for the dynamic estimation of the aortic width in patients post EVAR. However, the sensitivity of ultrasonography solely for detection of endoleaks in post EVAR patients is not high.In recent years, the development of "fusion" applications allows the dual modality merge between ultrasound and CT scans that can be used as follow up examinations of known imaging findings on CT .Another application that had been developed for ultrasound machines is the ability to generate a 3 dimensional (3D) reconstruction which allows more precision. In the recent year the usage of intravenous contrast agent for ultrasonography based on microbubbles (BRACO SONOVIEW) has been approved by the Israeli ministry of health. This contrast agent is not nephrotoxic and the risk for allergic reaction is very low statistically similar to Gadolinium.A 3D contrast enhanced ultrasonography "fused" together with CTA may be a helpfull addition , which lacks radiation and odine contrast reactions and nephrotoxicity ,in the follow up in post EVAR patients , by means of identifing endoleaks at an earlier stage than by ultrasound alone. The purpose of our research is to evaluate the combined modality (fusion of CTA with CEUS) mentioned above in identifing early endoleaks in post EVAR patients and thus enabilng early intervention when needed

This study aims to determine the relationship between the cross-sectional aortic area/patient height ratio (indexed aortic area) and absolute aortic diameter in proximal thoracic aortic aneurysms associated with a bicuspid valve. This will shed light on whether aneurysms with smaller diameters than those recommended for surgical intervention by guidelines are still at risk of aortic complications attending an abnormally high indexed aortic area.

Rationale: An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common vascular disease with a high mortality in case of rupture. The underlying processes initiating aneurysmal degeneration and driving aneurysmal growth remain poorly understood. Local hemodynamics might play a key role in the pathogenesis of AAA, as it is associated with aneurysmal growth, intraluminal thrombus formation and rupture risk. Visualizing and quantifying local blood flow profiles could eventually provide more insight in the underlying mechanisms of aneurysm progression as well as identify smaller AAA with increased vulnerability or larger AAA with low risk of rupture. Consequently, this may improve risk assessment and provide patient-specific therapy guidance. Nowadays, endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) is the preferred treatment modality in most patients with an infrarenal AAA. However, EVAR is associated with a relatively high reintervention rate. It is hypothesized that the placement of a stent graft may alter local hemodynamics and subsequent recirculations or flow stagnations promote the onset of thrombosis or micro-emboli. These unfavourable flow conditions might be related to various complications after EVAR, such as limb occlusion, renal dysfunction, and the persistence of type II endoleaks. Visualizing local blood flow profiles after EVAR might provide insight in these (un)favourable conditions. In vivo blood flow quantification is a great challenge, particularly in the abdomen. Advanced ultrasound based techniques, incorporating ultrasound contrast agents and plane wave imaging, proved to be feasible in quantifying aortoiliac blood flow patterns in healthy volunteers. Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of ultrafast contrast-enhanced ultrasound particle image velocimetry (echoPIV) measurements to quantify spatiotemporal blood flow velocity profiles in the abdominal aorta of AAA patients before and after endovascular repair. Secondary objectives are to determine the correlation between echoPIV and phase-contrast MRI (PC MRI) based measurements to ultimately validate the spatiotemporal velocity profiles obtained with echoPIV. Furthermore, changes in blood flow velocity profiles after placement of a stent graft will be evaluated.

This is a retrospective cohort study of consecutive patients submitted to elective EVAR, between February/2009 and May/2019 in a single institution. Symptomatic or ruptured AAA, mycotic aneurysms, isolated iliac aneurysms and complex abdominal aortic repairs were excluded. The primary outcomes were freedom from secondary intervention and compliance with follow-up, defined as surveillance imaging performed within a periodicity no longer than 18 months.

Collect the blood sample per-operation experience deep hypothermia cardiac arrest for aorta artery replacement surgery Collect the blood from the CPB machine and from intravenous injection tube which already set at different time point.

A single site cross-sectional comparison of paired diagnostic imaging modalities. This study will show the sensitivity and specificity of CEUS in detecting the various types of endoleaks, in comparison to tCTA, following EVAR. It will collect data to allow comparison of diagnostic accuracy across modalities including CDU, CEUS and tCTA. It will collect time taken to perform the various types of scan, to allow healthcare costs to be calculated for each imaging modality.

Screening for an abdominal aortic aneurysm, monitoring its growth and evaluation of its risk of rupture are based on the measure of its maximum diameter. The abdominal aortic aneurysm's treatment to prevent its rupture is recommended from a threshold of 50-55 mm in men and of 45-50 mm in women. The importance of this measure for patient management justify a specific and homogeneous protocol of measure. However, the diversity of methods of measuring the maximum diameter with scanner and ultrasound was shown. The impact of various angio-CT based measures of maximum AAA diameter, and the impact of reproducibility limits on the decision to operate have never been investigated.

The aim of this prospective, explorative study of noninvasive neuromonitoring was to search potential and practical methods associated with neurological outcome in the perioperative and immediate postoperative setting of surgery of the thoracic aorta. These methods include abbreviated EEG monitoring, near-infrared spectroscopy, transcranial Doppler ultrasound and biochemical markers associated with neuronal damage.