Active clinical trials for "Hypoxia"

More than 2 million patients worldwide receive heart surgery every year, majority of these surgical patients will undergo cardiopulmonary bypass. However, the incidence of postoperative acute lung injury due to cardiopulmonary bypass is still as high as 20% to 35%. According to clinical experience, the earlier lung damage is detected, the more successful the treatment will be. On the basis of traditional detection, the investigators found a new indicator, serum soluble vascular endothelial-cadherin, which are easy to obtain and have certain specificity. Importantly, they can predict postoperative acute lung injury within 1 hour after cardiac surgery. It is meaningful that this indicator can provide clinicians with early decision-making advice and immediate treatment for patients who may be at risk.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain neoplasm in adults. Despite recent diagnostic and therapeutic advances, including aggressive surgical resection and chemoradiation, the prognosis of GBM has improved only slightly over the past two decades, with median survival of approximately 15 months. Tumor hypoxia is a feature of GBM that contributes to poor outcome through multiple mechanisms such as 1) overexpression of enzymes that play roles in temozolomide resistance, the main chemotherapeutic agent in GBM and 2) increase expression of cancer stem cells which are more resistant to radiation. Hypoxic tumour regions are associated with higher rates of progression and recurrence. In this study the investigators will use an advanced MRI technique called qBOLD to non-invasively measure oxygenation in GBM and obtain targeted biopsies. The investigators take advantage of physical characteristics of Ferumoxytol (Feraheme®) which is an iron supplement, and utilize two recent technical advances not previously used in human tumours to quantitatively measure oxygenation in GBM. Prior knowledge of hypoxia can assist in prognostication and individualization of treatment planning with special focus on hypoxic regions by targeted radiation dose or regimen modulation; consideration of more intensive chemotherapy regimens; more aggressive and targeted surgical resection and closer short-term clinical and imaging follow-ups.

In infants less than two years old the new Oxygen Reserve Index (ORI) will be measured during general anaesthesia. It will evaluated if and how ORI-monitoring gives earlier warning of hypoxaemia than conventional oxygen saturation measurement.

for evaluating inverse ratio ventilation of laparoscopic bariatric surgery

Capnography provides noninvasive monitoring of ventilation and can allow early recognition of altered respiration patterns and apnea. The aim of this prospective study was to compare the detection of apnea and the prediction of oxygen desaturation and hypoxemia by capnography versus clinical surveillance during procedural sedation for percutaneous transhepatic cholangiodrainage (PTCD).

The aim of this study is to investigate the radiotracer [18F]HX4 for non-invasive detection of hypoxia in patients with head and neck, or lung cancer. Each participant will undergo a diagnostic [18F]HX4 PET/CT scan before beginning radiotherapy treatment. Patient follow up data will be collected from routine appointments, and analysed with the hypoxia scan results to assess whether [18F]HX4 PET/CT scanning can predict patient outcome from radiotherapy treatment.

The fetal heart plays a central role in the adaptive mechanisms for hypoxemia and placental insufficiency. Longitudinal data on the hemodynamic sequence of the natural history of fetal growth restriction show that the umbilical artery and middle cerebral artery are the first variables to become abnormal . These arterial Doppler abnormalities are followed by abnormalities in the right cardiac diastolic indices, followed by the right cardiac systolic indices, and finally by both left diastolic and systolic cardiac indices . Preserving the left systolic function as the last variable to become abnormal ensures an adequate left ventricular output , which supplies the cerebral and coronary circulations.This defence is contingent on the fetal cardiovascular system, which in late gestation adopts strategies to decrease oxygen consumption and redistribute the cardiac output away from peripheral vascular beds and towards essential circulations, such as those perfusing the brain. Adding cardiac Doppler may improve management of the IUGR fetus(intrauterine growth retardation), Doppler ultrasound is valuable in defining the degree of cardiovascular compromise in at-risk pregnancies. The severity of fetal blood flow redistribution shows the degree of fetal adaptation and provides information on how long the pregnancy can be continued safely. The aime of the study is assessment of cardiac output redistribution in fetal hypoxia by estimating relative right to left side cardiac output wich reflect cardiac sparing in (IUGR).

Randomized crossover trial in patients with Pulmonary Hypertension (PAH, CTEPH) to assess the acute response to simulated altitude (FiO2:15.1, equivalent to 2500m above sea level) in constant loaded exercise capacity.

Randomized crossover trial in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) to assess the acute response to simulated altitude (FiO2:15.1, equivalent to 2500m above sea level) on blood and tissue oxygenation (ABGA, near infrared spectroscopy)

For performing transnasal humidified rapid insufflation ventilatory exchange (THRIVE), jaw-thrust maneuver have to maintain to make sure the airway open and the CO2 clearance during apnoea. The objective of present study is to prove that nasopharyngeal airway facilitate THRIVE and no need jaw-thrust maneuver and maintain the similar PO2 and PCO2 during apnoea.