Active clinical trials for "Anxiety Disorders"

Many patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) and generalized Social Anxiety Disorder (gSAD) are treated with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) but few have meaningful improvement. MDD and gSAD are diseases of brain dysfunction that manifest as impaired emotion regulation; CBT teaches emotion regulation strategies but how it works in the brain remains largely unknown. Individual differences in brain function related to emotion regulation may make some patients better suited for CBT and CBT may remedy the brain dysfunction that underlies these disorders. This project will compare CBT with a placebo psychotherapy (i.e., supportive therapy) in MDD and gSAD to test, validate, and refine brain-based markers and examine mechanisms of change to examine how CBT works and for whom.

Hospitalization, medical interventions to be performed, and uncertainties specific to surgical intervention create a certain level of anxiety in the patient. It is known that being in the hospital negatively affects the coping mechanisms of the patient. In the pre-surgical period, the nurse's practices that will facilitate the patient's coping with the situation and managing his anxiety have a positive effect on anxiety during and after surgery and on anxiety-related symptoms. For these reasons, it is aimed to determine the effect of virtual reality on pre-surgical anxiety in this study.The hypothesis of the study is that watching videos with virtual glasses will reduce preoperative anxiety.

A randomized controlled trial is conducted to evaluation of the effects of virtual reality and local cold-vibration applications in reducing anxiety, fear and pain due to intramuscular (IM) injection in children aged 5-10 years. It has been determined that the use of Virtual Reality and local cold-vibration are effective interventions in reducing anxiety, fear and pain due to IM injection in children aged 5-10 years.

This is a randomized controlled trial. The aim of the study is to the effects of Virtual Reality and Local Cold-Vibration applications in reducing anxiety, fear and pain due to intravenous catheterization (PIC) in children aged 5-10 years. PIC was found to be effective in reducing anxiety, fear and pain due to peripheral intravenous catheterization.

If we examine the demographic data of the 2021 reports of the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK), we can see that the young population between the ages of 15 and 24 is 12,971,289 people, which is 15.3% of the total population. Considering the proportion of young population in our country, the evaluation of physical activity level has an important place, while the proportion of female university students who achieved sufficient physical activity level according to the scoring of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (UFAA) was 8.5%, while the proportion of male students was 28.1% in previous studies (Arslan 2015). ). We know from previous studies that achieving an adequate level of physical activity directly reduces the body mass index and indirectly reduces the cardiovascular risk associated with obesity (Swift 2018). Exercise reduces depression levels and the effects of depression. Although the neural mechanisms are not very clear, there are some predictions for physical exercise to reduce the level of depression (Gujral 2017). The hippocampus is an important cognitive and sensory centre, and it has been reported that hippocampal volume decreases by 5% in depressed individuals (Cole 2011). Hippocampal volume has been reported to increase rapidly with exercise (Bugg 2012). The brain region most affected in major depressive disorder is the prefrontal cortex. After the prefrontal cortex is affected, symptoms such as negative affect and learned helplessness appear (Pizagalli 2021). Experimental studies in mice have shown that treadmill training creates new synaptic pathways in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus (Mu 2022). Another brain region affected by depression is the corpus striatum. Loss of corpus striatum volume is observed in patients with major depression (Zhang 2020). The volume of the corpus striatum modulates when physical exercise reaches a sufficient level. (Rotttensteiner 2015). Adequate levels of physical activity not only reduce depression, but also prevent neural dysfunction that can occur as a result of depression. However, young people do not get enough exercise. Based on this fact, we believe that it is necessary to use 3D virtual reality applications to increase physical activity levels and exercise motivation. The aim of our study is to investigate the effect of virtual reality training on balance, depression, anxiety and stress parameters in healthy young people.

This trial will test the relative effects of three parent-intervention components to reduce emerging anxiety problems in children aged 7-11. The components are: reducing family accommodation (Component A), increasing empathetic reactions to children's anxiety (Component B), and cognitive restructuring to reduce maladaptive parental thoughts about children's anxiety (Component C). The components were selected based on their distinct theoretical backgrounds and their frequent use in existing intervention programs. The investigators will use a full factorial experiment with all possible combinations and orders of components. The study period will be twelve weeks with five points of data-collection: T0 (baseline), T2 (two weeks post baseline, immediately after the first component), T4 (four weeks post baseline, immediately after the second component), T6 (six weeks post baseline, immediately after the third component) and T12 (12 weeks post baseline, follow-up). Our overarching research questions are: How effective are Component A, B, and C in reducing children's anxiety symptoms? The effects of the components will be compared with each other, and with a control condition. This will be investigated both from T0 to T2 (i.e., effects of the individual components) and from T0 to T6 and T0 to T12 (i.e., effects of the components controlled for the presence of other components). How effective are the components in reducing children's life impairment? The effects of the components will be compared with each other, and with a control condition. Are effects of the components on children's anxiety mediated by changes in the parental risk factors that they target? (i.e., family accommodation for Component A, empathetic reactions for Component B, and parental maladaptive beliefs about child anxiety for Component C) Is there a dose-response effect such that children whose parents received more intervention components benefit more in terms of reduced anxiety symptoms in children? What parent, child, and intervention characteristics moderate the effects of the components on children's anxiety? In addition to basic sociodemographic information, the investigators will collect data on several putative moderators: the extent to which parents see their child as part of themselves (Inclusion of Child in the Self Scale), children's behavioural inhibition (Behavioural Inhibition Questionnaire), therapist alliance (Session Rating Scale), acceptability of the intervention (TEI-SF), other caregiver's use of the intervention components.

placenta previa is an obstetric complication which is associated with depression and anxiety. As little is known about the emotional reaction to the diagnosis of placenta previa/accrete, a study is badly needed to estimate the magnitude of this problem and its effects on the mother

Mothers who were enrolled in the Mood, Mother and Infant study will be eligible to participate in the 6-year follow-up maternal visit. At the time of this visit, mothers will be randomized to a single 24 IU dose of nasal oxytocin or placebo. Following administration of the study drug, women will participate in the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), and blood samples will be collected to quantify HPA axis reactivity.

Objective: To design, develop and evaluate an online personalized intervention based on a risk algorithm for the universal prevention of anxiety disorders in the general population. Methods: Randomized controlled trial, with two parallel arms and 12 months follow-up. The entire process of recruitment, randomization, intervention and follow-up will be carried out from a web platform designed for the study (web prevANS). Through a communication campaign, where announcements and informative videos will be produced, and through the dissemination on prevANS website, 2,000 Spanish and Portuguese adult participants without anxiety in the baseline of the study will be recruited. The participants will be randomly assigned to the prevANS intervention, which will be self-guided and can be implemented from the prevANS web or from the participants' Smartphone (through an APP), or to a control group. The prevANS intervention will have different intensities depending on the risk level of the population, evaluated from the already validated risk algorithm for anxiety: predictA. Participants with a low risk of anxiety will receive information on their level and profile (risk factors) of anxiety and psychoeducational information periodically. Participants with moderate and high risk of anxiety will also receive information on their risk level and profile, but will also include a cognitive-behavioral training (problem solving, decision-making, handling thoughts / concerns and emotions and communicational skills). Both groups of risk will work towards manage stressors and enhance protective factors. The control group will not receive any intervention, but they will fill out the same questionnaires as in the intervention group. The main result will be the incidence of new cases of anxiety disorders measured by CIDI, and the secondary results will be the reduction of anxiety (GAD-7) and depression (PHQ-9) symptoms, of the risk probability of anxiety and depression (predictA and predictD algorithms) and improvement of quality of life measured by SF-12 and EuroQol, and cost-effectiveness and cost-utility.

In Hong Kong, 7% of adolescents are diagnosed with anxiety disorders and one in every four secondary school students reports clinical-level anxiety symptoms. However, the vast majority (65%) of them do not access services. Long waitlists in public services, the high cost of private services, or the fear of being stigmatized in school can hinder access to services. The high prevalence of anxiety and low intervention uptake indicates that there is a need to develop timely, scalable, and potent interventions suitable for adolescents. Growth mindset single-session interventions (SSIs) have the potential to be scalable interventions for diagnosable or subclinical psychopathology in adolescents. The key mechanism of effective SSIs is to provide precise intervention on the key aspect to trigger sudden gains and symptom reduction. The principal investigator's previous project (2019-2020) found a fixed mindset of negative emotion more closely related to anxiety than was a fixed mindset of personality. The findings provide strong support that intervention targeted on the fixed mindset of negative emotion can be a more precise intervention for adolescent anxiety than the existing SSI on growth mindset of personality (SSI-GP). The proposed study is to develop The Single-session Intervention of Growth Mindset for Anxiety (SIGMA) to teach adolescents that negative emotions can change and to compare its effectiveness in reducing anxiety to SSI-GP and an active control group with a three-arm randomized control trial. Adolescents (N=549, ages 12-16) from secondary schools will be randomised to one of three intervention conditions: the SIGMA, SSI-GP, or active control. All programs are approximately 40 minutes in length and self-administered by youth. Adolescents will be assessed for their anxiety symptoms (primary outcome), perceived control, hopelessness, and attitude towards help-seeking at pre-intervention, and 2-week and 8-week follow-up. A pilot test has confirmed the feasibility and acceptability of SIGMA among adolescents. The investigators hypothesised that SIGMA and SSI-GP will result in a larger reduction in anxiety symptoms than the control intervention at the end of treatment and follow-up period. The investigators also predict SIGMA will have a greater effect than SSI-GP. Intention-to-treat principle and linear regression-based maximum likelihood multi-level models will be used for data analysis. The project brings together experts in mindset research, local social work, web-based intervention, statistics, youth mental health studies, and psychiatry. This study will provide evidence on what matters in growth mindset interventions for adolescent anxiety and serve as a scalable and accessible intervention to improve the well-being of young people.