Active clinical trials for "Arteriosclerosis"

This is a prospective, randomized study conducted in patients undergoing coronary revascularization procedures (PCI) through angioplasty. All patients who meet the eligibility criteria will be randomized to receive, before the procedure, an oral aspirin reload (325 mg) and to be re-evaluated at 60 minutes, 120 minutes, 6 hours, 48 hours, 5 and 30 day, 3 and 6 months.

A low level of plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, "the good cholesterol", is the most common lipid abnormality observed in patients with a premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. HDL carry excess cholesterol from peripheral tissues to the liver to be metabolized or excreted, a process known as reverse cholesterol transport. Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse correlation between plasma levels of HDL cholesterol and the risk of cardiovascular disease. An increase in plasma HDL cholesterol levels by 1 mg/dL may reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease by 2 to 3%. The standard care of treatment for a low level of HDL cholesterol is: 1) lifestyle modifications including exercise, smoking cessation, weight control, moderate alcohol intake and decreased dietary fat intake - all patients are encouraged to follow these lifestyle modifications; 2) medications which can raise HDL cholesterol. Currently used medications to treat lipid disorders can increase, in some extent, HDL cholesterol. These include niacin (vitamin B3), fibric acid derivatives (fibrates) and statins. However there is no data on the effect of these medications on severe cases of HDL deficiency. This project aims to determine whether currently available medications, used in standard medical practice for the treatment of lipoprotein disorders, can substantially increase HDL cholesterol in severe cases of HDL deficiencies.

The purpose of this Clinical Evaluation is the continued assessment of the XIENCE Everolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System (XIENCE V® and XIENCE PRIME™ EECSS) with the primary focus on clinical outcomes in the treatment of female patients with de novo coronary artery lesions, and the characterization of the female population undergoing stent implantation with a XIENCE stent.

This study will compare the effect of a prasugrel 10-mg maintenance dose with a clopidogrel 75-mg maintenance dose on platelet activity, approximately 1 week after the first dose of study drug, in subjects who have been taking clopidogrel 75 mg daily following a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with placement of a stent, performed to treat acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

The purpose of this study is to determine whether morbidity and mortality for high-risk surgical patients treated with the Carotid Wallstent in conjunction with the FilterWire EX and EZ System distal protection device will be less than or equal to that of objective performance criteria (OPC) derived from historic controls undergoing surgical intervention with a carotid endarterectomy (CEA).

To determine whether combined therapy with the lipid lowering agents colestipol hydrochloride plus niacin would produce significant change in coronary, carotid, and femoral artery atherosclerosis and coronary bypass graft lesions as determined by angiography. Also, to determine possible correlations between lesion changes and plasma lipid and lipoprotein cholesterol levels and to explore interrelationships of atherosclerosis change in femoral, coronary, and carotid arteries.

Arterial calcification is an independent predictor of coronary events associated with a 3-4 fold increased risk of cardiovascular events. Currently, no effective intervention exists to reduce arterial calcification. However, recent studies showed that vitamin K may reduce ongoing calcium deposition in the arteries, and thereby inhibit arterial calcification. The primary objective is to determine if MK-7 supplementation leads to stabilization or attenuation of ongoing calcium deposition in the femoral artery as quantified by 18F-NaF PET/CT imaging in patients with type 2 diabetes and arterial disease.

The objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of combination of beraprost and aspirin for prevention of arteriosclerosis progress in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Background: Arterial Calcifications due to Deficiency in CD73 (ACDC) is a rare genetic disease. People with ACDC develop calcification in the arteries of the lower extremities as well as calcium deposit in the joints of the fingers, wrists, ankles and feet. The lower extremities calcification causes claudication because of severe ischemia requiring at time revascularization procedures. the calcium deposits in the joints causes severe debilitating pain in the hands and feet. Currently, there are no standard treatments for ACDC. Etidronate is a bisphosphonate that interferes with bone metabolism. It is approved to treat Paget's disease, a condition in which the bones are soft and weak and may be deformed, painful, or easily broken. It is also used to treat high blood calcium levels. Researchers want to see if it can be used to treat the calcifications of ACDC and improve pain and blood flow in the lower extremities and arthritic pain of the hands and feet. Objectives: - To see if etidronate is a safe and effective treatment for ACDC. Eligibility: - People between 18 and 80 years of age who have been diagnosed with ACDC. Design: Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. They will also have imaging studies, including CT scan of the lower extremities, x-rays and DEXA bone scans, before starting treatment. Blood and urine samples will be collected. An exercise tolerance test will also be given and ABI (ankle brachial index will be measured. Participants will take etidronate by mouth once a day for 14 days every 3 months. They will be assigned an individualized 6- month drug schedule to follow. Participants will have regular study visits throughout the treatment period. These visits will involve imaging studies, full dental exams, and blood and urine tests. Participants will also have exercise tolerance tests and ABIs measured. Participants may also provide tissue samples for further study. Treatment will continue for up to 3 years as long as the side effects are not severe and the condition does not become worse. Participants will have a final follow-up visit after stopping treatment.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using the radial artery (RA) has since the nineties gone through a revival. The initially reported worse outcome in RA graft patients compared to patients grafted with the saphenous vein (SV) has since been corrected. Studies have shown better patency when using RA, so the RA is going to be preferred more and more especially in younger patients where long time patency is critical. During the last 10 years endoscopic techniques to harvest the RA have evolved. Multiple different techniques have been used, but now the equipment and technique have been refined and are highly reliable. The investigators hypothesize that the endoscopic technique has less complications and a just as good patency as open harvest. There are also two possible ways to use the RA as a graft. One way is sewing it onto the aorta and another way is sewing it onto the mammarian artery. The investigators hypothesize that using it on the mammarian artery is superior as a revascularisation technique with just as good a patency as sewing it directly onto the aorta.