Active clinical trials for "Atrophy"

The investigators hypothesize that there is a difference in plantar tissue thickness, plantar pressure, and pain score in patients diagnosed with plantar fat pad atrophy compared to healthy, foot-type matched controls. Results will be measured objectively using ultrasound for tissue thickness, optical pedobarograph for plantar pressure, and Manchester foot pain and disability index (MFPDI) for pain score. Furthermore, investigators predict that these results will help establish criteria for fad pad atrophy diagnosis in the clinic as well as determine which patients would receive greatest benefit from fat grafting to the foot.

To test if the routine newborn screening dried blood spots can be used to test if missing 2 copies of SMN1 gene, a status indicating spinal muscular atrophy

This project is designed to use MRI to evaluate pre- and post-arthroplasty hips; the specific aims of this project are three-fold. First, the investigators intend to compare the amount of muscle atrophy and tendon damage that occurs around the hip between two commonly-used operative approaches: the direct-anterior approach and the posterior approach. Second, the investigators aim to provide baseline data on the amount of muscle atrophy and tendon damage that should reasonably be expected to occur with both of these approaches. Third, the investigators will document the degree of recovery of the periprosthetic soft tissues post-surgery in both patient groups. The investigators first hypothesis is that the posterior approach will demonstrate significantly more damage to the abductors, piriformis, and short external rotators than the direct anterior approach, which will demonstrate minimal soft tissue damage. The investigators second hypothesis is that both surgical approaches will cause some degree of baseline muscle damage and atrophy, in a predictable pattern. The investigators third hypothesis is that each of the surgical approaches inherently cause some degree of soft tissue damage, and that the periprosthetic soft tissues that are incised during the surgical exposure will recover in a predictable pattern which is consistent but unique within each group

In this single center study blood samples for biomarker analysis will be collected from patients with spinal muscular atrophy. Up to 21 mL blood will be drawn from eligible patients at a single visit.

It is known that vaginal bacteria have an impact upon the health status of the host, in some cases protecting against infection and in other cases causing infection, depending on the bacterial types present. This study will compare the composition of vaginal bacteria to symptoms of vaginal dryness in order to try and identify if certain bacteria might cause some of the problems associated with vaginal dryness among post-menopausal women.

The study is designed to evaluate the ability of pattern electroretinogram (PERG) and multifocal pattern electroretinogram (mfPERG) to measure and identify the pattern of band atrophy of the optic nerve in patients with long standing chiasmal lesions. The hypothesis is that these electrophysiological tests were able to identify this such pattern. The idea is to investigate the ability of the these electrophysiological technics in detecting the neural loss from chiasmal compression and to evaluate the ability of PERG and mfPERG parameters to differentiate between eyes with band atrophy of the optic nerve and healthy eyes.

SPOT SMA is a prospective NIH-supported clinical study targeting pre-symptomatic or recently diagnosed infants and children with Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) types 1, 2, or 3 and their healthy control siblings less than 36 months of age at the time of study enrollment. The main objective of the study is to prospectively collect longitudinal clinical outcomes and provide counseling and education to parents of newly diagnosed children. The study will assess the impact of current standard of care management paradigms and interventions on health outcomes in newly diagnosed SMA infants and children with type 1, 2 or 3 and age appropriate controls. There is no investigational drug and no specific intervention in this study. Rather, the investigators will document outcomes related to current therapies provided to participating subjects, and will educate participants about possible clinical trial opportunities.

Assessment of ascending ramus cortical plate for reconstruction of atrophic maxillary ridges versus chin cortical plates (Randomized clinical trial)

Ridge Augmentation in Atrophic Anterior Maxillary Ridges with a Titanium Reinforced Polytetraflouroethelene Membrane and Anorganic Bovine Bone-Derived Mineral in intervention group and Anorganic Bovine Bone-Derived Mineralwith Particulated Autogenous Bone Chips in control group. CBCT will be done before surgery, immediate after surgery and 6 month to compare the bone gain in mm. Bone sample will be collected during exposure after 6 month of surgery by trephine bur to assess the bone quality through histo-morphometric analysis in order to determine the size, shape and orientation of the bony trabeculae, the size and porosity of the bony cortex in addition to the new bone/ bone substitute ratio 1ry outcome: Amount of bone gain will be measured using linear measurements from CBCT immediate after surgery and after 6 month. 2ry outcome: a bone sample will be collected and analyzed under histo-morphometric analysis.

Atrogin-1 and muscle RING finger-1 are skeletal muscle specific genes, with ubiquitin ligase activities, that are upregulated during muscle atrophy in mice. The Akt/GSK3 and Akt/mTOR pathways are involved in muscle hypertrophy in mice. Recent studies by the investigators team and others have demonstrated the implication of these signalling pathways in the control of muscle mass in humans. However no study has yet investigated the involvement of these systems in the early stages of spinal cord injury induced human skeletal muscle atrophy. The investigators propose to investigate the level of expression of the different components of the ubiquitin-proteasome system together with the level of expression and activity of the Akt/mTOR and Akt/GSK3 signalling pathways after SCI in humans during the first months following the injury. A second aim of this project is to assess if a novel apparatus of electrical stimulation which generate movements by closed-loop electrical muscle stimulation may improve strength and muscle mass in these patients. The patients will be recruited jointly at the Clinique Romande de Réadaptation (CRR) in Sion and the Swiss paraplegic centre in Nottwil. They will be randomly divided into two groups, a first group of patients will undergo a conventional treatment of rehabilitation while a second set of patients will be treated using a brand new system of electro-stimulation called MotionMaker TM. Biopsies will be obtained in the first weeks after admission; two other biopsies will be taken respectively 3 and 6 months post-lesion. Our results will provide an increased understanding of the molecular mechanisms contributing to skeletal muscle atrophy during the early stages following SCI and a characterization of the impact of endurance training in the no more voluntary innervated muscle. Moreover this study will also investigate the potential improvement in the rehabilitation process by using a new system of electro-stimulation.