Active clinical trials for "Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity"

The objective of this K01 study was to pilot a sequential, multiple assignment, randomized trial (SMART) design to compare the impact of a sequence of sleep interventions, based on participant treatment response, to optimize sleep health in adolescents 10-18 years of age with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs).

We plan to recruit 200 children and adolescents aged between 6 to 17 years old in two years. Those patients would receive clinical interview by child psychiatrists to diagnose as ADHD and to exclude mental retardation, major psychiatric disorders and medical disorders. Moreover, we excluded children who ever received ADHD medication treatment more than one year, or received medication in recent 30 days. Initial assessment includes collecting saliva sample, and complete questionnaires (SNAP-IV), clinical rating (CGI-S) and psychological test (CPT-II, WISC-IV, CANTAB). After 1 month methylphenidate treatment, we would evaluate SNAP-IV, CGI-S, CGI-I and Barkley Psychostimulants Side Effects Rating Scale. We also would collect saliva samples to perform appetite related gene phenotyping to see the association between medication side effect and polymorphism of appetite related genes.

The objective of this study is to assess the burden and impact of ADHD impairment in the early morning and late afternoon/evening hours for adolescents and young adults. Functional impairments will focus on the currently identified areas of functional impairment in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5, American Psychiatric Association, 2013) - namely, social, academic, and occupational functioning. This is necessary for two reasons: (1) the current literature on ADHD impairment and functioning is concentrated within elementary school children; and (2) studies of intervention effectiveness are typically concentrated during the school day. This current state of the literature ignores the obvious - as ADHD is a chronic disorder, it needs to be addressed as children grow into adolescence and young adulthood, and it needs to be remediated at times outside of the school day such as in the morning and late afternoon/evening. Therefore, the specific areas assessed in the present study will relate to driving, school, work, and family functioning. These are important areas to study, as the research literature has typically focused on elementary school and school-day behavior in assessments of symptom presentation, impairment, and treatment outcome. As individuals with ADHD grow older, the entire day becomes relevant in determinations of functioning (e.g., workdays may begin in the very early morning or last into the evening/night), and productivity can be assessed across waking hours rather than just across the elementary school day. Once areas of functional impairment in these times of day are determined, for this age group, treatment candidates can aim to address these treatment targets.

The overall goal of this research is to use neurophysiological measures to profile strengths and deficits for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder co-morbidity in Autism Spectrum Disorder to clarify diagnosis and to predict treatment response.

Resting state functional MRI is widely used for studying brain functional networks. However, in-scanner head movement and other non-neuronal noise can disproportionately bias connectivity estimates, despite various preprocessing efforts. To address these issues, the technique combining data acquisition with multiecho (ME) echo planar imaging and analysis with spatial independent component analysis (ICA), called ME-ICA, has been develop to distinguish BOLD (neuronal) and non-BOLD (artifactual) components based on linear echo-time dependence of signals, and has been demonstrated to successfully remove non-neuronal confounds. Nonetheless, such research approach has never been applied in psychiatric populations. The study aims to fill in the gap as shown in the following.

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common, impairing, clinically and genetically heterogeneous neuropsychiatric disorder with lifelong executive dysfunctions. The ultimate goal of this 3-year case-control imaging genomic study with unaffected siblings and typically developing (TD) children as controls is to identify useful imaging endophenotype for ADHD by investigating the structural connectivity, as assessed by diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI), and functional connectivity, as assessed by resting-state fMRI (rsfMRI) of brain regions related to cognitive/executive controls with regards to the ADHD status and the presence of dopamine transporter gene variants (DAT1). Specific Aims: to validate the executive functions, visuospatial memory, and structural and functional connectivity in frontostriatal, and frontoparietal circuitries as effective neurocognitive endophenotypes; to correlate the data from structural and functional connectivity, neuropsychology, and ADHD core symptoms stratifying by the presence of ADHD, proband-unaffected sibling dyads, and the presence of DAT1 variant; and To investigate reported candidate genes, in addition to DAT1 variant, related to dopamine and noradrenergic neurotransmitter systems in the association with neurocognitive endophenotypes such as DRD1, DRD2, DRD4, DRD5, DBH, MAO-A, ADRA2A, ADRA2C, NET, and COMT.

The aim of this study is to identify patients with problem list gaps and intervene to correct these gaps by creating clinical decision support interventions that alert providers to likely problem list gaps and offer clinicians the opportunity to correct them. The investigators will randomize the clinics that will receive the intervention and formally evaluate the study after a period of 6 months for improved problem list completeness to determine the effectiveness of our intervention.

Hippotherapy is every program of horseback riding meant to treat people with physiological, mental, social, cognitive or behavioral problems. The purpose of the current research is to evaluate the efficacy of hippotherapy for children with developmental disabilities. The hypothesis is that children with developmental disabilities who are treated with hippotherapy will show better outcomes than children with the same problems who are not treated with hippotherapy.

We anticipate that drug-naïve ADHD probands, particularly those with DAT1 or SLC6A2 gene variants may have higher level of altered microstructural integrity of frontostriatal (FS), frontoparietal (FP), other hypothesized fiber tracts and decreased brain activity of FS, FP, and other circuits, deficits in ERP, and impaired EF, SA, IIA and VM than probands without DAT1 or SLC6A2 gene variants or adult neurotypical. The alterations in the structural and functional connectivity, neurophysiological and neuropsychological functioning would be observed in the unaffected siblings as compared to neurotypical. The unaffected siblings will be in the intermediate position between drug-naïve adult ADHD probands and neurotypical. The genetic dosage is anticipated to pose the strongest effects on the cortical thickness, brain volume, gyrification and microstructural property of white matter, followed by neurophysiology, functional connectivity, and neuropsychological function with the least effect. In terms of longitudinal follow-up part, we also anticipated despite increasing thinning of cortical thickness, microstructural integrity of several targets fiber tracts, and brain activity of target brain regions and improving performance in EF, SA, IIV, VM from childhood to late adolescence and young adulthood in the neurotypical group, the slopes of developmental trajectories of these neuroimaging and neuropsychological function are lower in the ADHD group.

The purpose of the study is to explore the effect of methylphenidate on state anxiety in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Patient population: 30 children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. The subjects will be of all racial, ethnical and gender categories, ranging from 8 to 18 years of age. Structure: the study is a randomized double blind crossover study. The subjects will complete a continuous performance test, the cambridge neuropsychological test automated Battery, before and after given methylphenidate or placebo on the first day of the study. On the second day of the study, the subjects will receive either methylphenidate or placebo based on what was given on the first day of the study and they will complete the same task.