Active clinical trials for "Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity"

This study aims to evaluate the efficacies of an online mindfulness-based intervention for emerging adults with ADHD in Malaysia. The investigators hypothesized that online mindfulness-based intervention may improve ADHD symptoms and executive functions of emerging adults with ADHD.

Current diagnostic aids used in treating ADHD are currently expensive, time intensive, and provide little information about accessory movements in response to a stimulus. Tests such as the Conners' Rating Scale require subjective responses from parents and teachers, making coordination difficult. The computerized Conners' Continuous Performance Test (CPT) provides objective data in regards to inattention and impulsive patterns of response. However, it does not provide data regarding accessory movements such as restlessness, hyperactivity, and other inappropriate movements. If the subject taking the exam has a reading disorder, it will impair his or her ability to respond accurately and it will increase response time. The T.O.V.A. is another computer based test used as a diagnostic aid for ADHD, which uses a microswitch to record responses. It does utilize auditory and visual stimuli, which removes the reading level limitation. However, it is unable to measure to measure accessory movements that may be contributing to reaction time and errors of omission and commission. Because of these limitations, a new company called CogCubed has created a new game based on the Sifteo Cube (http://www.sifteo.com) platform. These new hands-on digitized cubes are unique, motion-sensitive wireless blocks that contain multiple sensors that can interact with one another. CogCubed is providing the data for this study. The game will be played in a 30 minute sessions by subjects aged 18 and over. Subjects recruited to play the game will be those with ADHD and those without, matched by gender. Those with comorbidities of developmental delay, mental retardation, psychosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and substance use disorders will be excluded, as well as any physiological disability that affects upper limb movement and/or coordination. Informed consent will be obtained from participant prior to administering the game. The hypothesis is that by analyzing data generated from this new gaming platform named Sifteo for which a game was created, which uses auditory and visual stimuli and distracters, the investigators expect that they will be able to provide a more accurate profile of impulsivity and inattention. The investigators expect that inattention will have more errors of omission and less tilt movements than control and impulsivity will be represented as more commission and greater tilting movements than control.

The study hypothesis is that some children with Attention-Deficit-Hyperactivity-Disorder (ADHD) who also have sleep onset difficulties will improve with Melatonin treatment to an extent similar to that of stimulants treatment. In order to check this hypothesis children with a new ADHD diagnosis who also have sleep difficulties will be treated with either Melatonin or with stimulants (Methylphenidate) for one month. The main outcome will be improvement of the ADHD symptoms.

The objective of this study is to evaluate a novel sequenced combination of a promising, computerized cognitive training program targeting working memory (WM) deficits in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in combination with behavioral parent training, a well-established, evidence-based intervention for ADHD. The combined active intervention, compared to the combined control intervention will result in improvement in primary psychosocial (i.e., parent/teacher reported child impairment; parental stress; parenting behavior; and observed child academic achievement) and psychiatric (parent/teacher rated ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms; observed activity level and attention) outcomes at post-treatment and follow up assessment, with the combined active intervention resulting in greater improvements in these outcomes.

The overall objective of the current study is to determine whether computerized Working Memory (WM) training will enhance WM capacity in college students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)/Learning Disabilities (LD). There are also three additional objectives. The first is to determine whether improvements in WM will generalize to secondary outcome tasks, such as inhibitory control and planning. The second objective is to examine whether WM training will also ameliorate ADHD symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity. The last objective is to investigate whether improvements will be maintained at a two month follow-up period. It is expected that the computerized WM training program will enhance WM capacity in college students with ADHD. In addition, it is believed that these increases in WM capacity will also lead to improvements in other executive functions. It is also hypothesized that WM training will lead to a reduction in ADHD symptomology. Lastly, these improvements should be maintained at three month follow-up.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether norepinephrine gene polymorphism affect to treatment response in ADHD

The specific aim of this cluster-randomized (site) comparative effectiveness research study is to determine whether children who are (1) 5-12 years of age, (2) cared for in ePROS practices or clinics using an electronic health record (EHR), (3) have attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and (4) are to receive treatment with stimulant medication for the first time in these practices, have superior clinical outcomes if their clinicians have access to an EHR-guided clinical decision support system (intervention group) than if their clinicians have no such access (control group).

Stimulants alleviate information processing and task performance deficits in Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). Long acting formulations of amphetamines such as lisdexamphetamine dimesylate (LDX) are especially valuable as they target the school day and improve classroom performance. Although stimulants have been widely used in treatment of ADHD, the exact mechanism action and effect on task performance is not completely known. According to the State Regulation Deficit (SRD) model, children with ADHD have difficulty regulating their levels of arousal/activation during tasks in response to the changing demands of the environment. This leads to problems with downregulating overaroused states and upregulating underaroused states. According to this view, stimulants exert their therapeutic effect (in part) by optimising arousal/activation levels - especially during states of underarousal/activation. Arousal/activation levels can also be altered by extrinsic factors such as event rate (ER), e.g., the rate at which information is presented. Multiple studies suggest that very fast and very slow events can both cause problems for individuals with ADHD, related to overarousal and underarousal state respectively. Putting these intrinsic (stimulants) and extrinsic (ERs) factors together leads to the prediction that changing the rate at which information is presented in a task may alter the efficacy of stimulants and affect the optimal stimulant dose level. More specifically, one dose of stimulant that may be optimal on slow ER tasks (as it increases arousal/activation level) may be less effective under high ER tasks because in such a setting arousal/activation level needs to be lowered and not increased further. Adding stimulants to an already overactivated state may exacerbate the associated problems. The implication of this is that a different dose of stimulant will be needed under different environmental conditions for optimal performance. For example, children with ADHD might require different dosage in the classroom setting to optimize performance. In addition, the neuropsychological basis of performance deficits and improvement by ER and stimulants are also unclear. According to the SRD model, the underlying mechanism can be specific problems in motor activation/preparation or effort regulation. Event-related potentials (ERP), pupil size measurements and cardiac measures enable us to see objectively how motor activation/preparation and effort are affected by ER and simulants. In this study the investigators aim to test these predictions of the SRD model and identify the neurobiological basis of stimulant action.

This three-phase study will develop and test a provider-administered intervention to improve medication adherence and promote sustained medication use among children with ADHD and their caregivers.

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder that may have poor motor coordination and balance control. The effect of Methylphenidate treatment on balance and fall risk is still unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of methylphenidate (MPH) treatment on balance, fall risk, and sensorimotor integration in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).